Abiotic stresses substantially affect the growth and development of plants. Plants have evolved multiple strategies to cope with the environmental stresses, among which transcription factors play an important role in regulating the tolerance to abiotic stresses. Basic leucine zipper transcription factors (bZIP) are one of the largest gene families. The stability and activity of bZIP transcription factors could be regulated by different post-translational modifications (PTMs) in response to various intracellular or extracellular stresses. This paper introduces the structural feature and classification of bZIP transcription factors, followed by summarizing the PTMs of bZIP transcription factors, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination and small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification, in response to abiotic stresses. In addition, future perspectives were prospected, which may facilitate cultivating excellent stress-resistant crop varieties by regulating the PTMs of bZIP transcription factors.
Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Phosphorylation ; Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Stress, Physiological/genetics*

Objective To explore the changes and significane of USP20 and HIF-α expression in breast cancer.Methods Following transfection of shRNA-USP20 lentivirus into breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells,the gene and protein expression levels of USP20 were detected using fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western Blot.Subsequently,the overexpression of USP20 was observed to determine its effect on HIF-α expression.Similarly,siRNA-USP20 was used to knock down USP20 in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells,followed by detection of gene and protein expression levels using fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western Blot.The subsequent changes in HIF-α expression were then examined.Rusults The positive expression rates of USP20 and HIF-α in breast cancer tissues were 69.6%and 46.83%,respectively,while they were negatively expressed in the adjacent normal tissues,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.01).The positive expressions of USP20 and HIF-α were predomi-nantly observed in the cytoplasm of breast cancer tissue,with a smaller amount present in the nucleus.There was a significant positive correlation between USP20 and HIF-α in breast cancer.Following transfection of shRNA-USP20 lentivirus into MDA-MB-231 cells,both the protein and gene expression levels of USP20 significantly increased(P＜0.01).Over-expression of USP20 did not affect HIF-α mRNA levels but led to a significant increase in HIF-α protein expression(P＜0.01).Conversely,siRNA-USP20 interference resulted in a significant decrease in both the protein and gene expression levels of USP20(P＜0.01),without affecting HIF-α mRNA levels;however,it caused a notable reduction in HIF-α protein expression(P＜0.01).Conclusion The expression of USP20 exhib-ited a significant positive correlation with HIF-α in breast cancer.Overexpression of USP20 led to a substantial increase in HIF-α protein expression,while knock-down of the USP20 gene resulted in a significant decrease in HIF-α protein levels.Therefore,it can be inferred that USP20 may exert its influence on the development of breast cancer through modulation of HIF-α expression,thereby providing crucial experimental evidence for clinical treat-ment,prognosis,and further investigations.

Objective To investigate the cerebellar hemisphere homotopic functional connectivity in patients with concomitant exotropia(CE)based on voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity(VMHC),aiming to provide a reference basis for the neuropathogenesis of CE.Methods A total of 36 CE patients who visited the Ophthalmology Department of Jian-gxi Provincial People's Hospital from October 2021 to October 2022 were included as the study group(CE group),while healthy volunteers who were recruited from society and matched in age and gender with the CE group were included as the control group(HC group).Subjects in both groups underwent 3.0T functional magnetic resonance imaging scans,and the magnetic resonance data were processed using DPABI_V4.0 software and SPM8 to compare the differences in VMHC values of various brain regions of subjects in the two groups.Results Compared with the HC group,the VMHC values in the cerebellar regions 6,8 and 9 on both sides and vermis cerebelli region 2 of subjects in the CE group were significantly re-duced(all P＜0.05).The difference pattern of VMHC values in cerebellar regions showed that compared with the HC group,the VMHC values in cerebellar regions 6,8,9 and vermis cerebelli region 2 of subjects in the CE group were signifi-cantly different,especially the VMHC value in cerebellar region 9.Conclusion Functional changes in the cerebellar hemisphere,especially in cerebellar hemisphere region 9,play an important role in the pathogenesis of CE,which may be closely related to eye position voxel control and fusion.

ObjectiveTo comprehensively evaluate the clinical value of Jintiange Capsules （JCs） in the treatment of osteoporosis （OP） and clarify the intrinsic advantages and clinical treatment characteristics of JCs， providing references for relevant departments of national health and medicine decision-making and the basis and clues for clinical and basic in-depth research. MethodBased on evidence-based medical evidence， this study integrated quantitative and qualitative methods and combined with questionnaires， official website data， human experience， pharmacoeconomic evaluation， and other research methods. From the effectiveness， safety， economy， innovation， suitability， accessibility， and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） characteristics of the '6+1' dimension， the clinical evidence and value of JCs in the treatment of OP were comprehensively evaluated， forming the 'clinical evidence and value evaluation index'. The comprehensive evaluation of clinical value was based on the multi-criteria decision analysis framework. The expert meeting method was used to empower each dimension and value index. The clinical evidence and value evaluation software of Chinese patent medicine （CSC v2.0） was used to calculate the total value score， and the clinical advantages of JCs were comprehensively evaluated. ResultBased on randomized controlled clinical studies and systematic review， data analysis of spontaneous reporting system （SRS）， case reports， non-clinical safety studies， etc.， serious adverse drug reactions （ADRs） were reported after the launch of this product monitored by SRS， mainly involving abnormal liver function and adverse reactions of cardiovascular system. Therefore， the safety evidence adequacy of this product should be further improved， and the safety evaluation was Grade B. Meta-analysis showed that JCs were superior to the control group in improving the total clinical effective rate， improving bone mineral density， reducing visual analogue scale （VAS） score， and shortening fracture healing time. Combined with Grading of Recommendations Assessment， Development and Evaluation （GRADE） evidence evaluation， the comprehensive evaluation of effectiveness was Grade A. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation showed that JCs combined with calcium carbonate D₃ tablets were more cost-effective than calcium carbonate D₃ tablets alone in patients with OP. Compared with Gushukang capsules， JCs had more cost-effectiveness advantages， but the sample size included in the study was small， and the results needed to be verified by further studies. Combined with the results of the Comparative Assessment of Structure Prediction （CASP） evaluation list， the comprehensive economic evaluation was Grade B. JCs were the only bionic medicine of tiger bone in China with all intellectual property rights， with 3 national invention patents. Its process preparation and fingerprint detection had obvious technical advantages. It had innovative advantages in the supply base equipment， medicine resource management， production technology， and other aspects. Thus， its innovative comprehensive evaluation was Grade A. JCs were in capsule dosage form， which was relatively convenient for storage and transportation. The dosage form was suitable for indications， and the usage was easy for patients to grasp and accept. The statutory information and non-statutory information met the national standards. The comprehensive evaluation of suitability was Grade A. JCs did not contain toxic ingredients， had no restrictions on origin and prescription， and had abundant resources of original medicinal materials. The affordability of JCs in the treatment of OP was good in urban areas （14.97%） but not in rural areas （39.76%）. The price was higher than that of similar Chinese patent medicines， and the comprehensive evaluation of availability was Grade B. JCs had a reasonable proportion of natural animal bones， and their composition was basically the same as that of natural tiger bones. After marketing， more than 2 000 cases of real-world clinical research evidence was accumulated， and the comprehensive evaluation of TCM characteristics was Grade B. CSC v2.0 software was used for quantitative synthesis of the '6+1' dimension， and the comprehensive clinical value of JCs in the treatment of OP was Grade A. ConclusionJCs have good clinical value in the treatment of OP， and the TCM characteristics are prominent. It is suggested that JCs can be directly transformed into the related policy results of basic clinical drug management according to procedures.

Objective:To explore the effects of modified Fired Glycyrrhizae Decoction on hemodynamics and levels of myocardial enzymes in coronary arrhythmia (CA) after bifurcation lesion (BCL) surgery.Methods:According to simple random method, 100 patients with CA after BCL surgery in the hospital who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups between May 2019 and May 2021, 50 in each group. The control group was treated with intravenous drip of amiodarone and routine treatment, while the observation group was treated with modified Fired Glycyrrhizae Decoction on basis of control group. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. Before and after treatment, TCM syndromes were scored. The quality of life was assessed by World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOOLQ-100). The plasma or serum specific viscosity, fibrinogen and ESR were detected by non-invasive hemodynamic detector. The levels of cardiac troponin (cTnT), creatine kinase (CK) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were detected by ELISA. The disappearance time of symptoms was observed. The adverse reactions were recorded. And the clinical responsive effect was evaluated.Results:The difference in total response rate between observation group and control group was not statistically significant [92.0% (46/50) vs. 90.0% (45/50); χ2=0.12, P=0.727]. After treatment, scores of fluster and shortness of breath, panic and irritability, and mental fatigue in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=7.38, 9.88, 4.87, P<0.01), and scores of physical function, independence and social relations were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t=8.69, 6.32, 5.76, P<0.01). After treatment, levels of plasma specific viscosity, fibrinogen and ESR in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=13.59, 8.30, 8.80, P<0.01). After treatment, levels of serum cTnT [(33.45±3.44) mg/L vs. ( 39.71±4.02) mg/L, t=8.37], CK [(70.49±7.32) U/L vs. (82.15±8.41) U/L, t=7.40] and BNP [(223.41±20.36) ng/L vs. (244.58±20.74) ng/L, t=5.15] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The disappearance time of palpitation, chest tightness and dizziness in the observation group was significantly earlier than those in the control group ( t=10.44, 11.91, 5.75, P<0.01). During treatment, differences in incidence of adverse reactions between observation group and control group was statistically significant [4.0% (2/50) vs. 32.0% (16/50); χ2=4.00, P=0.046]. Conclusion:The modified Fired Glycyrrhizae Decoction combined with routine western medicine can improve clinical symptoms, hemodynamics and levels of myocardial enzymes in CA patients after BCL surgery, and improve the clinical curative effect.

Objective:To explore the application of of virtual surgical planning combined with intraoperative navigation in the accurate resection of maxillary tumor and simultaneous reconstruction.Methods:From October 2015 to December 2016, the patients with maxillary tumor treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were included in this study. Before the surgery, the virtual surgical planning was used to complete tumor identification, virtual tumor resection, fibula reconstruction, and then stereomodel was printed for the fabrication of fibular osteotomy guide plate and prebent of personalized titanium mesh. During the operation, navigation technology was used to determine the position of the designed osteotomy line for the accurate resection of maxillary tumor. The bone defect reconstruction was performed using fibular flap guided by osteotomy plate and prebent personalized titanium mesh. Histopathological examination was conducted to evaluate the safety of the surgical boundary. The postoperative color gradient map, self evaluation of facial appearance satisfaction, mouth opening degree and jaw vertical distance were used to evaluate the reconstruction of maxillary defects.Results:A total of 5 patients were enrolled in this study, 3 males and 2 females, with a median age of 39 years old (ranged 27 to 50). Among these cases, 2 were benign tumors and 3 were malignant. The operation of 5 cases was successful and all the fibular flaps were survived. There were 27 frozen pathological examinations, 25 were negative. One patient was treated with both adjuvant biological therapy and radiotherapy. Two patients were treated with only radiotherapy. The color gradient map showed that the position of fibular flap was highly consistent with the pre-operative surgical design. Four patients reported their facial appearance were excellent and one was good postoperatively. The mouth opening degree of the patients was 2.8-3.2 cm. The vertical jaw distance between mandible and fibula repair area was 6.5-10.0 mm. After 14-28 months follow-up, one patient with positive surgical boundary had local recurrence.Conclusions:Virtual surgical planning combined with simultaneous intraoperative navigation can improve the accuracy of maxillary tumor resection and reconstruction, and so as to improve the the quality of life of patients after surgery.

Objective:To explore the application of of virtual surgical planning combined with intraoperative navigation in the accurate resection of maxillary tumor and simultaneous reconstruction.Methods:From October 2015 to December 2016, the patients with maxillary tumor treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were included in this study. Before the surgery, the virtual surgical planning was used to complete tumor identification, virtual tumor resection, fibula reconstruction, and then stereomodel was printed for the fabrication of fibular osteotomy guide plate and prebent of personalized titanium mesh. During the operation, navigation technology was used to determine the position of the designed osteotomy line for the accurate resection of maxillary tumor. The bone defect reconstruction was performed using fibular flap guided by osteotomy plate and prebent personalized titanium mesh. Histopathological examination was conducted to evaluate the safety of the surgical boundary. The postoperative color gradient map, self evaluation of facial appearance satisfaction, mouth opening degree and jaw vertical distance were used to evaluate the reconstruction of maxillary defects.Results:A total of 5 patients were enrolled in this study, 3 males and 2 females, with a median age of 39 years old (ranged 27 to 50). Among these cases, 2 were benign tumors and 3 were malignant. The operation of 5 cases was successful and all the fibular flaps were survived. There were 27 frozen pathological examinations, 25 were negative. One patient was treated with both adjuvant biological therapy and radiotherapy. Two patients were treated with only radiotherapy. The color gradient map showed that the position of fibular flap was highly consistent with the pre-operative surgical design. Four patients reported their facial appearance were excellent and one was good postoperatively. The mouth opening degree of the patients was 2.8-3.2 cm. The vertical jaw distance between mandible and fibula repair area was 6.5-10.0 mm. After 14-28 months follow-up, one patient with positive surgical boundary had local recurrence.Conclusions:Virtual surgical planning combined with simultaneous intraoperative navigation can improve the accuracy of maxillary tumor resection and reconstruction, and so as to improve the the quality of life of patients after surgery.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of budesonide formoterol combined with tiotropium bromide in the treatment of asthma chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) overlap (ACO).Methods:From January 2016 to December 2018, 160 ACO patients who met the inclusion criteria in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Linxi Hospital, Kailuan General Hospitalwere selected as the observation objects.Prospective cohort study was used for observation and analysis.The patients were divided into study group and control group with 80 cases in each group by random number table.Both groups received conventional treatment, on this basis, control group received budesonide and formoterol powder inhalation, 1 inhalation/time, 2 times/d, study group received tiotropium bromide 1 granule/time, once a day based on the control group.Both groups were treated for 12 months.The clinical efficacy, lung function, blood gas analysis, inflammatory factors and T lymphocyte levels were compared between the two groups.Results:The total control rate in study group was 87.5%(70/80), significantly higher than that in control group (70.0%(56/80)), the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=7.32, P<0.05). After treatment, the asthma control test (ACT) scores in both groups increased significantly, while ACT scores in study group((23.12±3.12) point )was significantly higher than that in control group ((20.45±4.28) point, t=4.51, P<0.05). After treatment, the COPD assessment test (CAT) scores in both groups decreased significantly, while CAT scores in study group ((14.25±3.03) point ) was significantly lower than that in control group ((18.69±3.52) point, t=8.55, P<0.05). After treatment, the forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1), FEV1%, FEV1 /Forced vital capacity (FEV1/ FVC) and Inspiratory capacity / total lung capacity (IC/TLC) levels in both groups increased significantly, while FEV1((2.20±0.47)L), FEV1%((68.62±7.89)%), FEV1/ FVC((67.63±7.59)%)and IC/TLC levels(48.84±4.86)%) in study group were significantly higher than those in control group ((1.93±0.49)L, (61.88±7.65)%, (62.88±8.41)%, (43.22±5.15)%)(t value were 3.56, 5.49, 3.75, 7.10, all P<0.05). After treatment, the level of partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2) in both groups increased significantly, while PaO 2 level in study group((78.12±6.45) mmHg) was significantly higher than that in control group ((72.45±7.52) mmHg)( t=5.12, P<0.05). After treatment, the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) level in both groups decreased significantly, while PaCO 2 level in study group((46.73±7.13) mmHg) was significantly lower than that in control group((49.81±8.02) mmHg) ( t=2.57, P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-6, hs CRP and TNF-α in the two groups were decreased significantly, while IL-6, hs-CRP and TNF-α levels in study group((15.35±6.72) ng/L, (18.14±7.62) mg/L, (56.84±4.92) ng/L) were significantly lower than those in control group((21.42±5.35) ng/L, (23.35±8.64) mg/L, (69.45±8.51) ng/L) (t value were 6.32, 4.05, 11.47, all P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CD4 + and CD4 +/CD8 + levels in both groups increased significantly, while CD4 + and CD4 +/CD8 + levels in study group((44.20±6.02)%, (1.82±0.31)) were significantly higher than those in control group((38.52±5.56)%, (1.43±0.29)) ( t=6.20, 8.22, all P<0.05). CD8 + level in both groups decreased significantly, while CD8 + level in study group((23.62±7.89)%) was significantly lower than that in control group((27.42±7.65)%)( t=3.09, P<0.05). Conclusion:Budesonide and formoterol combined with tiotropium bromide in the treatment of ACO has good clinical efficacy, reduce the level of inflammation, relieve the clinical symptoms of COPD and asthma, improve the respiratory function and lung function of patients, and have a good effect on improving the cellular immune function.

Objective To analyze the correlation of serum levels of galectin-3(Gal-3), N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and C reactive protein(CRP)with prognosis of patients with decompensated acute attack of chronic heart failure (DAACHF),and to evaluate its significance in predicting mortality during 30-day hospitalization. Methods 103 DAACHF patients admitted in Peking University First Hospital and Capital Medical University-affiliated Beijing Anzhen Hospital Department of Cardiology from July 2012 to June 2015 were divided into death group(n=53,died of DAACHF)and survival group(n=50)matched for age, gender,cardiac function during 30-day hospitalization.Serum levels of Gal-3,NT-proBNP,BNP,CRP and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire(MLHFQ)were retrospectively collected and compared on the first hospital day and 3 days,7 days,14 days after treatment.After 7 days of treatment,the serum levels of four markers were correlated with MLHFQ.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were used for estimating efficiencies of serum levels of four markers in predicting DAACHF patients' mortality during 30-day hospitalization. Results With prolonged treatment,the scores of Gal-3,NT-proBNP,BNP,CRP and MLHFQ were gradually increased in the group of death,and gradually decreased in survival group.The scores of Gal-3,NT-proBNP,BNP,CRP and MLHFQ were higher in the death group than in control group(P<0.05)at the day of hospital admission and at 3 days,7 days and 14 days after treatment(P<0.05).On 7 days after treatment,Gal-3,NT-proBNP, BNP,and CRP were positively correlated with MLHFQ score(r=0.748,0.730,0.6872,all P<0.01),and the areas under ROC curves predicting performance for mortality during 30-day hospitalization were 0.943, 0.907,0.876,0.867,0.913 for Gal-3,NT-proBNP,BNP,CRP and MLHFQ score,respectively,all P<0.01). Conclusions Serum levels of Gal-3,NT-proBNP,BNP and CRP were positively correlated with adverse prognosis for DAACHF patients,and they may be predictors of mortality during 30-day hospitalization with sequence effect of Gal-3>NT-proBNP>BNP>CRP.And their joint monitoring is better in predicting the prognosis of patients with heart failure.