OBJECTIVE: To investigate the charactcristics of CD180 expression and differentiation diagnostic value in B cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B-CLPD) through detecting the mean fluorescence intensity（MFI）of CD180 in different sub types of B-CLPD，using multiparameter flow cytometry (FCM). METHODS: The CD180 MFI of malignant B cells in 178 patients with B-CLPD was detected by FCM. The level of CD180 MFI in various types of B-CLPD was compared to the normal control group. The level of CD180 MFI among sub-types of B-CLPD was also compared. RESULTS: (1) The expression levels of CD180 in B-CLPD was significantly lower as compared with the normal controls，except the spleen difuse red pulp lymphoma (SDRPL); (2) The CD180 MFI in chronic lymphocytic leukemia sCLL) was significantly lower as compared with other B-CLPD cells; (3) CD180 ware significantly overexpressed in HCL compared with MCL，LPL，and MZL (P <0.05); (4) In the spleen-derived B-CLPD，such as SMZL，HCL, HCL variation and SDRPL，the expression of CD180 has significant difference between lymphomas with or without villous. CONCLUSION Utilizing the multiparameter flow cytometry for defecting expression of CD180 and other immunological markers can more efficiently distinguish the subtypes of B-CLPD.
Antigens, CD ; analysis ; B-Lymphocytes ; Biomarkers ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Clinical breakpoints are used in phaseⅡorⅢclinical trials to categorize microorganisms if susceptibility to new tested antibacterial agents that means the patient infected by the pathogen will be enrolled the study or not.The role of this consensus is to define procedure and required data to setting breakpoints and how to revaluate it in clinical trials.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the diagnostic value and safety of flexible bronchoscopy in congenital great vessel diseases complicated with airway compression.

METHODThe medical records of patients with great vessels abnormalities who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from October 2005 to June 2009 were retrospectively reviewed; 34 cases were diagnosed as airway compression by flexible bronchoscopy, 10 cases as vascular ring, 24 cases as aortal arch obstruction. The age of the patients was 6 d - 11 m, body weight 2.2 - 8.7 kg [(4.6 +/- 1.4) kg]. Recorded airway abnormalities detected by bronchoscopy and CT, cardiac vascular defects and airway compression were consistent with the findings on operation. The relation between the airway compression and cardiac vascular abnormalities, treatment of the airway compression and outcome were analysed.

RESULTBronchoscopic assessment was successfully performed in NICU or operating room for all the patients. (1) Initial presentation of the 34 cases were tachypnea, stridor, refractory lung infection and prolonged mechanical ventilation. (2) Extrinsic compression was found in all the 10 cases with vascular ring by bronchoscopy initially which indicated vascular ring, airway compression was mainly of lower part of trachea. Diagnosis of 9 cases was consistent with CT diagnosis and in 1 case the diagnosis was confirmed by surgery; among these cases, 7 had congenital tracheal stenosis. (3) In the 24 cases with aortic obstructive lesion, 5 were detected to have tracheal stenosis by CT before correction of vascular abnormality, among whom one case was indicated to have tracheal stenosis by bronchoscopy, the other 19 cases were found with airway compression by bronchoscopy during or after vascular correction. Among the 24 cases, 21 had left main bronchial stenosis, 2 had congenital tracheal stenosis. Airway compression diagnosed by bronchoscopy agreed with the findings of CT. Two cases developed transient decrease of oxygen saturation, 5 cases developed transient tachycardia.

CONCLUSIONFlexible bronchoscopy plays an important role in assessment of the airway compression complicated with great vessel abnormalities. Bronchoscopy is an accurate, convenient, safe and rapid way for airway assessment, but further examination of the peripheral structure and vascular malformation need combined examination with CT.

Airway Obstruction ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Bronchoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Vascular Malformations ; complications ; diagnosis