Objective: To establish a prediction model for high-risk cardiovascular disease (CVD) among residents aged 35 to 75 years, so as to provide the basis for improving CVD prevention and control measures. Methods: Permanent residents aged 35 to 75 years were selected from Dongcheng District, Beijing Municipality using the stratified random sampling method from 2018 to 2023. Demographic information, lifestyle, waist circumference and blood biochemical indicators were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and laboratory tests. Influencing factors for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model, and a prediction model for high-risk CVD was established. The predictive effect was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 6 968 individuals were surveyed, including 2 821 males (40.49%) and 4 147 females (59.51%), and had a mean age of (59.92±9.33) years. There were 1 155 high-risk CVD population, with a detection rate of 16.58%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, smoking, central obesity, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were influencing factors for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years (all P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of the established prediction model was 0.849 (95%CI: 0.834-0.863), with a sensitivity of 0.693 and a specificity of 0.863, indicating good discrimination. Conclusion The model constructed by eight factors including demographic characteristics, lifestyle and blood biochemical indicators has good predictive value for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years.

The traditional experimental teaching mode of forensic science and biological evidence is mostly confined to experimental operation, which is not capable of cultivating students' comprehensive quality and post competency. Therefore, it is urgent to seek an innovative teaching and training mode. At present, the experimental teaching of forensic science and biological evidence is dominated by teachers. There are some problems, such as insufficient training of students' scientific thinking and innovation ability, single teaching and evaluation model, and disconnection from the practical application. This paper proposes an experimental teaching design scheme of forensic science and biological evidence based on post competency training. The course is implanted in the framework of simulated cases, and the virtual simulation experiment platform and group discussion learning method are used to achieve a training model oriented by social needs and centered on students. In the preliminary study on the students who were trained in this mode of selected sections, we found that, compared with traditional teaching, the time for students to complete the prescribed experimental operation in this teaching mode was shortened by 4 minutes on average, and the average score of theoretical course test case analysis questions was increased by 1.5 points. In conclusion, the instructional design of the experiment teaching forensic science and biological evidence can effectively improve students' post-competency, and it deserves further exploration and application.

Objective:Cardiac arrest (CA) represents a significant public health challenge, posing a substantial threat to individual health and survival. To enhance the survival rates of patients experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), Baoan District in Shenzhen City has undertaken exploratory initiatives and practical interventions, yielding promising preliminary outcomes.Methods:1.Innovate emergency medical services by developing a "four-circle integration" system that connects to the hospital. This system encompasses the social emergency medical system, the out-of-hospital emergency medical system, the in-hospital emergency medical service system, and the intensive care treatment system. 2.Develop a comprehensive model for the construction of a social emergency medical training system, characterized by party leadership, government oversight, departmental coordination, professional guidance, technological support, and community involvement, termed the "Baonan Model." Additionally, establish evaluation criteria to assess the effectiveness of the social emergency medical training system in Baonan District; 3. Develop a cardiac arrest registration system and a social emergency medical training management system for Baonan District; 4. Enhance the proficiency in treatment techniques and the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among emergency medical professionals; 5. Strengthen and advance the development of a "five-minute social rescue network" to address the critical "emergency window period." .Result:In Baonan District, 9.18% of the public is trained in emergency medical skills. The bystander CPR rate for OHCA is 26.11%, AED use is at 4.78%, the 30-day survival rate is 6.31%, and the discharge survival rate is 4.44%.Conclusion:The implementation of the aforementioned measures can substantially enhance the survival rate of patients experiencing OHCA at the time of discharge.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

In response to the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance， Innovation， and Development of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） and the spirit of the National Conference on TCM， Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine organized experts in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of traditional Chinese and western medicine to discuss the clinical advantages of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis （AR） and they reached a basic consensus. In recent years， the prevalence of AR has been on the rise， threatening the quality of life of patients and giving rise to a heavy burden to both the patients and the society. AR is resulted from immune imbalance rather than reduced immunity or hyperimmunity， and the imbalance is similar to the Yin-yang disharmony in TCM. In the treatment of this disease， western medicine features rapid onset. However， it is cost-intensive and causes severe surgical trauma， and the recurrence is common. TCM boasts diverse methods for AR， which can be used in all stages of this disease. It has advantages in controlling symptoms such as nasal congestion， runny nose， or dysosmia in the attack stage， preventing recurrence in the remission stage， and treating refractory AR or steroid-resistant AR. In particular， acupuncture enjoys a reputation in treatment of AR， which has been supported by evidence-based medicine and recommended by guidelines. While treating local symptoms of AR， TCM regulates the psychosomatic conditions， which facilitates chronic disease management and long-term follow-up. We should integrate the advantages of TCM and western medicine， give full play to the unique nonnegligible and irreplaceable advantages of TCM， formulate a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment scheme for learning and promotion， and summarize the research outcomes to promote the theoretical innovation of TCM on AR from the perspective of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

Objective: To construct the full-length prokaryotic expression plasmid of the wild type of androgen receptor (AR) and the truncated body of four functional domains，and to identify the fusion protein by Western blot and electrophoretic mobility shift assay ( EMSA) ． Methods: Based on the pGEX-4T-1 vector ，the recombinant plasmids were constructed to express the full-length and functional domains of AR. IPTG was used to induce the expression of the recombinant proteins，which were isolated and purified by glutathione sepharose 4B beads under the optimized condition．The specific protein expression in the bacterial lysate and the purified protein isolated with glutathione sepharose 4B beads was identified by Western blot with AR antibody and GST labeled antibody．The purified protein was incubated with a fluorescent probe of the virus，and the complex was detected by electrophoresis in a non-denaturing gel. Results : The prokaryotic recombinant plasmids of full length and three functional domain truncated AR were successfully constructed．The recombinant clones were identified by using bacterial culture as a template，and further verified by double enzyme digestion．It showed that there were identical bands in the same sizes as the inserted fragments．The nucleotide and the amino acid sequences were aligned to the reference sequence in NCBI GenBank．The GST fusion protein，GST-AR-NTD + DBD (96 ku) and GST-AR-NTD (86 ku) were successfully induced and verified． The purified protein could be directly combined with the viral genome DNA． Conclusion The prokaryotic expression conditions of truncated AR plasmid from the same gene sequence are different．The purified AR protein can be used to understand the direct interaction mechanism between functional domains of AR and other molecules.

A comprehensive profiling of the vaginal microbial communities and their variability enables an accurate description of the microbiome in women.However,there is a lack of studies available on Chinese women.In the present study,the composition of the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy and the 6-week postpartum period of 454 Chinese women was characterized by sequenc-ing the V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene.The vaginal microbiome showed variations during pregnancy and the postpartum period based on the abortion history,hypertensive disorders,delivery mode,and maternal age.Co-variation of 22 bacterial taxa,including the Lacto-bacillus genus and two of its species,may account for the common characteristics of the vaginal microbiome under scenarios of different medical histories and pregnancy outcomes.In contrast,dis-criminant bacterial species were significantly different between women who had preterm birth(PTB)with and without premature rupture of membranes(PROM),and the community state type(CST)Ⅳ-A without any predominant Lactobacillus species in the microbiota was more prevalent during pregnancy in the PROM-PTB cases,suggesting that specific bacterial species could be considered to distinguish between different types of PTB.By providing data on Chinese women,this study will enrich the knowledge of the human microbiome and contribute to a better understanding of the association between the vaginal microbiome and reproductive health.

Objective To translate English version of sensory-motor profile awake ( SMP-a) into Chinese version (the Chinese Version of SMP-a),and analyze the reliability and validity of the scale before and after craniotomy under awakening anesthesia. Methods Eighty-one patients whose tumors were located near or already in sensory-motor functional area were included in this study. Before and after awake cranioto-my,the Chinese version of SMP-a was used to accurately assess the sensory-motor function of each patient. Finally, the reliability and validity of the scale were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Results Cronbach's α coefficient in the Chinese version of SMP-a was 0. 971,and Cronbach's α coefficient in the four subscales of face,hand,leg and sensation was 0. 965,0. 989,0. 981 and 0. 970,respectively. The test-retest reliability of the Chinese version of sensorimotor assessment scale was 0. 910,0. 904,0. 884,0. 898 and 0. 695 (total,face,hands,legs and sensory score respectively). The raters' consistency reliability was above 0. 949,0. 960,0. 934,0. 887 and 0. 660,respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients of sensorimotor function score with SF-36 physiological function factors and KPS score were 0. 868 and 0. 790,respectively. Conclusion Before or after operation,the Chinese version of SMP-a has preferable reliability,internal con-sistency reliability and structural validity. It is feasible in awakening anesthesia craniotomy,and the degree of damage can be determined by repeated measurement of the sensorimotor sites that may be impaired by the patient.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of c-fos protein in the spinal cord in a rat model of oxycodone dependence or withdrawal response.Methods Thirty SPF adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 180-220 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table method:normal saline group (group NS),oxycodone dependence group (group OD),and oxycodone withdrawal group (group OW).In OD and OW groups,oxycodone was injected subcutaneously in back,5 days in total,with the dose of 2,3,4,5 and 6 mg/kg in turn,3 times a day (8:00/15:00/22:00).The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group NS.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold was measured at 3 days before administration and 30 min after the last administration every day.The oxycodone withdrawal was induced by intraperitoneal injection of naloxone 4 mg/kg at 8 h after the last administration of oxycodone on 5th day in group OW.The withdrawal response scores and range of weight changes were recorded within 15 min after giving naloxone or normal saline in NS and OW groups.Spinal cord tissues were collected at 1 h after the last administration on 5th day in group OD and at 1 h after giving normal saline or naloxone on 5th day in NS and OW groups for determination of the expression of c-fos protein by Western blot.Results Compared with group NS,the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold was significantly increased on 1 and 2 days after administration,and the expression of c-fos protein in the spinal cord was up-regulated in OD and OW groups,and withdrawal response scores were significantly increased,and the range of weight change was increased in group OW (P＜0.05).The expression of c-fos protein was significantly down-regulated in group OW as compared with group OD (P＜0.05).Conclusion Oxycodone dependence or withdrawal response may be related to the expression of c-fos protein in the spinal cord of rats,and the expression is up-regulated during oxycodone dependence,while down-regulated during oxycodone withdrawal.

Objective To investigate personal identification of mixed seminal stain of two individuals, we combined the detection of genotyping autosomal, Y and X STR and sequencing mtDNA hypervariable Ⅰ (HV Ⅰ ) region. Methods We analyzed autosomal, Y and X STR with commercial kit and separating and sequencing HVⅠfragments of mixed seminal stain from two males by SSCP electrophoresis. Results Four genetic markers of the high amount sample can be obtained when mixed ratio is more than 1:10. When the proportion of two samples is close, the suspect could be excluded or, to some extent, identified by comparing with our results. Conclusion The combined detection of four genetic marker systems can, to some degree, solve the personal identification from mixed seminal stain of two individuals.