Objective: To establish a prediction model for high-risk cardiovascular disease (CVD) among residents aged 35 to 75 years, so as to provide the basis for improving CVD prevention and control measures. Methods: Permanent residents aged 35 to 75 years were selected from Dongcheng District, Beijing Municipality using the stratified random sampling method from 2018 to 2023. Demographic information, lifestyle, waist circumference and blood biochemical indicators were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and laboratory tests. Influencing factors for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model, and a prediction model for high-risk CVD was established. The predictive effect was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 6 968 individuals were surveyed, including 2 821 males (40.49%) and 4 147 females (59.51%), and had a mean age of (59.92±9.33) years. There were 1 155 high-risk CVD population, with a detection rate of 16.58%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, smoking, central obesity, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were influencing factors for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years (all P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of the established prediction model was 0.849 (95%CI: 0.834-0.863), with a sensitivity of 0.693 and a specificity of 0.863, indicating good discrimination. Conclusion The model constructed by eight factors including demographic characteristics, lifestyle and blood biochemical indicators has good predictive value for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Naoxintong capsules on ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury in rats based on the changes of pericytes mediated by Ras homolog family member A （RHOA）/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 （ROCK1） pathway. MethodsNinety rats （15 rats for each group） were randomly divided into a sham operation group， a model group， a positive control group receiving Ginkgo biloba extract （21.6 mg·kg^-1）， and groups receiving Naoxintong capsules at low， medium， and high doses of 55， 110， and 220 mg·kg^-1 （NXT-L， NXT-M， and NXT-H groups）， respectively. Except for those in the sham operation group， all rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion （tMCAO） to establish the experiment model. Nerve function was assessed using a neurological function score. Cerebral blood flow was detected using a laser speckle contrast imager， and the cerebral infarction rate was calculated using 2，3，5-Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Nissl staining， while pericyte morphology was observed via transmission electron microscopy. Blood-brain barrier destruction was observed by Evans blue staining. Albumin and ischemia-modified albumin levels were measured using assay kits. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， platelet-derived growth factor receptor β （PDGFRB）， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， tight junction protein （ZO-1）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， and matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the model group exhibited decreased neurological function scores， higher percentage reduction in blood flow， and increased cerebral infarction rates （P<0.01）. Additionally， cortical neuronal nucleus shrinkage， edema， a decreased number of Nissl bodies， reduced pericyte area， elevated albumin content in the cortex （P<0.05）， and increased ischemic modified albumin levels （P<0.01） were observed. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， PDGFRB， α-SMA， MMP-2， and MMP-9 were increased （P<0.01）， while those of ZO-1 were decreased. Compared with the model group， all treatment groups showed improved neurological function scores， lower percentage reduction in blood flow， reduced cerebral infarction rates （P<0.01）， alleviated cortical histological changes， increased number of Nissl bodies， expanded pericyte area， decreased albumin content in the cortex， and reduced ischemia-modified albumin levels （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， PDGFRB， α-SMA， MMP-2， and MMP-9 were decreased （P<0.01）， while those of ZO-1 were increased. Among the treatment groups， the NXT-M group showed the most pronounced improvement in cerebral I/R injury. ConclusionNaoxintong capsules can restore cerebral blood supply， reduce microcirculation disturbance， and protect blood-brain barrier in rats with I/R injury. Its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the RHOA/ROCK1 signaling pathway and reduced pericyte contraction.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Naoxintong capsules on ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury in rats based on the changes of pericytes mediated by Ras homolog family member A （RHOA）/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 （ROCK1） pathway. MethodsNinety rats （15 rats for each group） were randomly divided into a sham operation group， a model group， a positive control group receiving Ginkgo biloba extract （21.6 mg·kg^-1）， and groups receiving Naoxintong capsules at low， medium， and high doses of 55， 110， and 220 mg·kg^-1 （NXT-L， NXT-M， and NXT-H groups）， respectively. Except for those in the sham operation group， all rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion （tMCAO） to establish the experiment model. Nerve function was assessed using a neurological function score. Cerebral blood flow was detected using a laser speckle contrast imager， and the cerebral infarction rate was calculated using 2，3，5-Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Nissl staining， while pericyte morphology was observed via transmission electron microscopy. Blood-brain barrier destruction was observed by Evans blue staining. Albumin and ischemia-modified albumin levels were measured using assay kits. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， platelet-derived growth factor receptor β （PDGFRB）， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， tight junction protein （ZO-1）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， and matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the model group exhibited decreased neurological function scores， higher percentage reduction in blood flow， and increased cerebral infarction rates （P<0.01）. Additionally， cortical neuronal nucleus shrinkage， edema， a decreased number of Nissl bodies， reduced pericyte area， elevated albumin content in the cortex （P<0.05）， and increased ischemic modified albumin levels （P<0.01） were observed. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， PDGFRB， α-SMA， MMP-2， and MMP-9 were increased （P<0.01）， while those of ZO-1 were decreased. Compared with the model group， all treatment groups showed improved neurological function scores， lower percentage reduction in blood flow， reduced cerebral infarction rates （P<0.01）， alleviated cortical histological changes， increased number of Nissl bodies， expanded pericyte area， decreased albumin content in the cortex， and reduced ischemia-modified albumin levels （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， PDGFRB， α-SMA， MMP-2， and MMP-9 were decreased （P<0.01）， while those of ZO-1 were increased. Among the treatment groups， the NXT-M group showed the most pronounced improvement in cerebral I/R injury. ConclusionNaoxintong capsules can restore cerebral blood supply， reduce microcirculation disturbance， and protect blood-brain barrier in rats with I/R injury. Its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the RHOA/ROCK1 signaling pathway and reduced pericyte contraction.

To reduce the dependency on high-carbon-load chromatographic columns,a new method has been established for the determination of the content of docusate sodium using ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography (IP-HPLC). Tetrapropylammonium chloride was used as the ion-pair reagent with a mobile phase, composition of acetonitrile:10 mmol/L tetrapropylammonium chloride solution = 66∶34, adjusting pH to 6.5 with 0.1% phosphoric acid solution,flow rate of 1.5 mL/min, detection wavelength of 214 nm,column temperature of 35 °C, and an injection volume of 25 μL,and quantified by an external standard method. The main peak of docusate sodium exhibited a tailing factor of 1.34. The method showed good linearity within the range of 0.02 mg/mL to 0.40 mg/mL, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.999 9. It also demonstrated good repeatability, with recovery ranging from 97.0% to 98.2% (n=6). The quantification limit was 3.31 μg/mL, and the detection limit was 2.76 μg/mL.In summary,the new method shows good durability, a wide linear range, and high sensitivity, it is suitable for the determination of docusate sodium.

Objective To analyze the rules and characteristics of cross-allergy cases related to drug-related medical disputes,and to provide reference for the formulation of cross-allergy prescription review strategy.Methods The judgments of cross-allergy related medical damage liability disputes recorded in the legal document database of Beijing Yingke Law Firm and the Chinese Judgment Document Network database from August 2010 to June 2023 were analyzed,the causes of relevant disputes were summarized and analyzed,and more comprehensive response measures were formulated.Results A total of 65 judgments were retrieved,and seven judgments were included.The main drugs causing cross allergy were antibiotics(penicillins,cephalosporins and sulfonamides).Seven cases of medical disputes,all of which were ruled by the court that the medical party had medical errors due to cross-allergies,and had to bear 30％to 80％of the compensation liability.The main reasons for the punishment were that the doctor did not pay enough attention to the patient's past history of allergy and chose unreasonable drugs.Conclusion Medical institutions can reduce the risk of cross-allergy by means of information technology,and play the role of pharmacists in prescription review and pharmaceutical care.Physicians should pay attention to the patient's past history,earnly inquire,strengthen medication education and monitoring,reduce the threat of adverse reactions to the patient's life safety and related drug disputes,and protect the legitimate rights and interests of both doctors and patients.

AIM:To investigate the effect of circular RNA MYO9A-006(circMYO9A_006)on hypertrophic phenotype of cardiomyocytes and the underlying mechanism.METHODS:The effect of adenovirus-mediated overexpres-sion of circMYO9A_006 on the expression of hypertrophy-related proteins,including β-myosin heavy chain(β-MHC),skeletal muscle actin alpha 1(ACTA1)and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP),was evaluated in neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes(NMVCs).Moreover,a neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte(NRVC)model of phenylephrine(PE)-in-duced hypertrophy was established.The effect of circMYO9A_006 overexpression on NRVC size was ascertained using Phalloidin-iFluor 647 staining method.Dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to measure the activity of potential in-ternal ribosome entry sites(IRES)in circMYO9A_006.The translation and intracellular location of the circMYO9A_006-translated protein,MYO9A-208aa,were verified using Western blot.To investigate the role of MYO9A-208aa in the ef-fect of circMYO9A_006 on the cardiomyocyte hypertrophic phenotype,we prepared and used the following adenoviruses:the recombinant circMYO9A_006-ORF adenovirus to express MYO9A-208aa,the recombinant circMYO9A_006-ATG-mut adenovirus that does not express MYO9A-208aa,the recombinant circMYO9A_006 adenovirus,and the adenovirus vector control.These were then employed to infect NRVCs.RESULTS:Successful adenovirus-mediated overexpression of circMYO9A_006 was observed in NMVCs.The increased expression of circMYO9A_006 notably reduced the expres-sion of hypertrophy-related proteins in NMVCs(P<0.01).Concurrently,overexpression of circMYO9A_006 substantially reduced the expression of hypertrophy-associated proteins and diminished the size of PE-induced NRVCs(P<0.05).Dual-luciferase reporter assay identified the activity of 2 IRES in circMYO9A_006.Western blot results indicated that circ-MYO9A_006 could produce the MYO9A-208aa protein with an anticipated molecular weight of 28 kD in NRVCs,primari-ly found in the cytoplasm.Elevated expression of both circMYO9A_006 and MYO9A-208aa consistently reduced the ex-pression of hypertrophy-associated proteins(P<0.01),and counteracted the enlarged size of PE-induced NRVCs(P<0.05).However,increased expression of circMYO9A_006-ATG-mut did not counteract the PE-induced hypertrophic phe-notype of NRVCs.CONCLUSION:circMYO9A_006 attenuates the hypertrophic phenotype of cardiomyocytes by synthe-sizing the MYO9A-208aa protein.

Objective To investigate the compatibility between antiepileptic active pharmaceutical ingredient(API)levetiracetam and binder polyethylene glycol 6000,and provide a basis for evaluating and ensuring the safety of drugs.Methods Levetiracetam and polyethylene glycol 6000 from different producers were mixed in a certain proportion,and placed under different conditions according to the test method of stability influencing factors.The compatibility of levetiracetam and polyethylene glycol 6000 was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and HPLC,respectively,and the thermal variations,changes of levetiracetam appearance and related substances were investigated.Results After being placed under high humidity(relative humidity of 90％)and light(4 500 Lx)for 10 days,the compatibility between API and pharmaceutical excipients was proved good,while under the conditions of high temperature of 50℃ and 60℃,polyethylene glycol 6000 interacted with levetiracetam,resulting in the growth of levetiracetam related substances including impurity A and total amount of impurities,along with the production of two unknown impurities.Polyethylene glycol 6000 from different producers and different batches had different effects on the related substances of levetiracetam.Conclusion There is a risk of compatibility between levetiracetam and polyethylene glycol 6000 under elevated temperatures,and it is recommended that preparation producers optimize product prescriptions and improve the quality and safety of drugs.

Objective To determine the related substances in the pharmaceutical excipient triacetin by gas chromatography(GC).Methods Rtx-1701 and DB-1701 chromatographic column(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm)was used,with nitrogen as the carrier gas,the flow rate was 1.5 mL/min,the inlet temperature was 200℃,the hydrogen flame ionization detector was used,the temperature of the measuring instrument was 250℃,and the program heating was used.Results Under this chromatographic condition,each substance could be effectively separated,and showed good linearity at 2-40 μg/mL(r>0.99).The recovery rates of acetic acid,glycerol,1-monoglyceryl acetate,1,2-diglyceryl acetate and 1,3-diglyceryl acetate were 100.7%(RSD=3.12%),95.1%(RSD=3.66%),99.43%(RSD=4.62%),103.66%(RSD=5.88%)and 103.15%(RSD=4.17%)(n=6),respectively.Conclusion This method has high accuracy and good reproducibility,which can be used for the determination of related substances in the triacetin,and provides a reference for the quality standard of triacetin.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of AccuLearning system for the auto-segmentation of target areas and organs-at-risk(OAR)for total marrow and lymphoid irradiation(TMLI)in children.Methods Thirty pediatric patients who underwent TMLI since 2018 to 2022 were selected.The patients were immobilized in the supine position,and their CT images were acquired on the Philips Brilliance Big Bore CT scanner.After the target areas and OAR were manually delineated and modified,the CT images and manually delineated contours were imported into AccuLearning system for training,validation,and testing of the auto-segmentation model.The auto-segmentation results in 6 TMLI patients in the test set were evaluated in terms of Dice similarity coefficient(DSC),95%Hausdorff distance and average surface distance.Results On the test set with 6 cases,except for the lens that was difficult to be delineated automatically,the DSC values was above 0.70 for all other target areas and OAR,with only one patient having a DSC value of 0.59 for the stomach.The average DSC value for the stomach in all 6 patients was 0.76,and the average DSC values for the other organs were above 0.80.Conclusion The target areas and OAR automatically delineated with the model can meet the requirements of clinical planning after simple modifications.

Diabetic ulcer （DU） wound is one of the chronic and serious complications of diabetes characterized by prolonged wound healing， and it is more common in foot and lower extremity ulcers. DU has brought great economic and psychological pressure to patients and seriously affected the quality of life of patients because of its great difficulty in treatment， long treatment process， and high morbidity and mortality. Therefore， how to help the rapid healing of DU wounds， reduce the disability rate and mortality rate， protect limb function， and improve the quality of life is an important topic and hot spot in the field of medical research. The pathogenesis of DU is complex， mainly including microcirculation disorder， peripheral neuropathy， inflammation and infection， and excessive apoptosis of cells， involving physiological processes such as wound inflammation， granulation tissue hyperplasia and re-epithelialization. A large number of previous studies have found that Chinese medicine can regulate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， Wnt/β-catenin， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， Notch， nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad， and other signaling pathways， regulate abnormal glucose metabolism， improve microcirculation， inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress， regulate cell proliferation and excessive apoptosis， and promote wound tissue growth to promote the rapid healing of DU wounds under the guidance of treatment based on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome differentiation and internal and external treatment. Therefore， this paper reviewed Chinese medicinal monomers or Chinese medicinal compounds in recent years in regulating the above signaling pathways and the expression of key protein molecules and promoting the rapid healing of DU wounds， aiming to provide ideas and a theoretical basis for the in-depth study and clinical application of Chinese medicine in promoting the healing of DU wounds.