Purpose: This study analyzed the increase in disposal rate of femoral heads in the bone bank of a single hospital from medical disease and drug history, as assessed by the Korean health insurance review and assessment service. Materials and Methods: The disposal rate and cause of 340 femoral heads were analyzed according to the regulations of the bone bank based on the standard model of the Ministry of food and drug safety. Results: One hundred and seven (33%) of 323 femoral heads collected from 2009 to 2018, and 65 (46%) of 142 femoral heads collected from 2015 to 2018 were discarded. The most common causes were related to the history of dementia and the administration of radioisotope for nuclear medicine. Conclusion The current methods and screening tools can lead to errors in disposing of the available tissues in a bone bank. Thus, improved standards and screening methods are needed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the parenting stress and health promotion behavior of working women, and to investigate the mediating effect of supporting resources. Supporting resources were set as social support of spouse and community, and institutional support of the organization to which the subject belongs based on previous studies and an ecological system theory. Methods: The participants were composed of 214 female workers residing in 17 cities and provinces nationwide and having at least one child aged 1~12 years old. Data were collected online from February 19 to February 28, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program to understand the level and correlation of the general characteristics and major variables, and to test the mediating effect, after controlling the variables significantly from univariate analysis, step regression analysis was performed. Results: Among the supporting resources, the mediating effect of social support of spouse and community was statistically significant. Conclusion These findings suggest that it is necessary to seek ways to increase the social support of working women's spouses and people around them in order to increase the health promotion behavior of working women.

Purpose: This study was conducted to find out the association between dual-use of the electronic cigarette (EC) and conventional cigarette (CC) and depression among undergraduate students. Methods: The participants of this study were 225 undergraduate students who were attending two universities located in Ulsan metropolitan city. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were conducted to analyze the data. Results: Nicotine dependence and depression were significantly higher in the dual-use group than in the single-use group. Dual-use of the EC and CC was significantly associated with depression among undergraduate students. In addition, quality of sleep was significantly associated with depression among undergraduate students. Conclusion In order to prevent depression among undergraduate students, it is necessary to improve the awareness of the danger of dual use of the EC and CC.

OBJECTIVE: The suicide rate in South Korea was the second highest among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries in 2017. The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of people who died by suicide in Korea from 2013–2017 and to better prevent suicide. METHODS: This study was performed by the Korea Psychological Autopsy Center (KPAC), an affiliate of the Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare. According to the Korea National Statistical Office, the number of suicide victims nationwide was estimated to reach about 70,000 from 2013 to 2017. Comprehensive suicide records from all 254 police stations in South Korea were evaluated by 32 investigators who completed a 14-day didactic training program. Then, we evaluated the characteristics of suicide victims in association with disease data from the National Health Insurance Database (NHID), which is anonymously linked to personal information of suicide victims. RESULTS: Thirty-one of 254 police stations in the Seoul metropolitan area were analyzed by August 10, 2018. Findings showed that the characteristics of suicide victims differed according to the nature of the region. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that different strategies and methods are needed to prevent suicide by regional groups.
Anonyms and Pseudonyms ; Autopsy ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Methods ; National Health Programs ; Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development ; Police ; Research Personnel ; Seoul ; Suicide

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in requirement and activity related to workers' health promotion according to business type and enterprise size. METHODS: This study is a secondary analysis of data extracted from a survey on the Enterprise Health Promotion Index. For the present analysis, 7,784 companies were selected. RESULTS: Requirements for lifestyle management and activities to prevent musculoskeletal disorders were the highest. The requirement and activity of musculoskeletal disorders and cerebrovascular disease were high in the manufacturing industry. Meanwhile, in the non-manufacturing industry, the requirement and activity of job stress management were high. Small-sized companies had a high requirement to prevent musculoskeletal disorders and cerebrovascular disease. CONCLUSION: Government support should be strengthened in workers' lifestyle management. Additionally, workers' health promotion in small-sized companies needs to focus on preventing musculoskeletal disorders and cerebrovascular disease.
Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Commerce ; Health Promotion ; Life Style

Gender differences in aggression viewed from an evolutionary and sociocultural perspective have traditionally explained why men engage in more direct and physical aggression, and women engage in more indirect and relational aggression. However, psychological and behavioral studies offer inconsistent support for this theory due to personal or social factors, and little is known about the gender-based neurobiological mechanisms of aggression. This study investigates gender differences in aggression through an analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) based neurobiological responses to commonly encountered stimuli, as well as psychological approaches in healthy Korean youth. Our results from self-reports indicate that overall aggression indices, including physical and reactive/overt aggression, were stronger in men. This agrees with the results of previous studies. Furthermore, our study reveals prominent gender-related patterns in γ signals from the right ventrolateral frontal cortex and changes in heart rate through stimulation by aggressive videos. In particular, gender differences in EEG and ECG responses were observed in response to different scenes, as simple aversion and situation-dependent aggression, respectively. In addition, we discovered decisive gender-distinct EEG signals during stimulation of the situation-dependent aggression regions within the right ventromedial prefrontal and ventrolateral frontal regions. Our findings provide evidence of a psychological propensity for aggression and neurobiological mechanisms of oscillation underlying gender differences in aggression. Further studies of oscillatory responses to aggression and provocation will expand the objective understanding of the different emotional worlds between men and women.
Adolescent ; Aggression ; Electrocardiography* ; Electroencephalography* ; Female ; Frontal Lobe ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in requirement and activity related to workers' health promotion according to business type and enterprise size. METHODS: This study is a secondary analysis of data extracted from a survey on the Enterprise Health Promotion Index. For the present analysis, 7,784 companies were selected. RESULTS: Requirements for lifestyle management and activities to prevent musculoskeletal disorders were the highest. The requirement and activity of musculoskeletal disorders and cerebrovascular disease were high in the manufacturing industry. Meanwhile, in the non-manufacturing industry, the requirement and activity of job stress management were high. Small-sized companies had a high requirement to prevent musculoskeletal disorders and cerebrovascular disease. CONCLUSION Government support should be strengthened in workers' lifestyle management. Additionally, workers' health promotion in small-sized companies needs to focus on preventing musculoskeletal disorders and cerebrovascular disease.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the validity of the ‘ Enterprise Health Promotion Index’, a tool for assessing health promotion activities of worksite developed by the Ministry of Employment and Labor and the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. METHODS: This is designed a methodological study that evaluates the validity of the Enterprise Health Promotion Index. For this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted for the workplace health professional and safety professional, and a total of 297 data were extracted as final data. We developed the informal health promotion needs and activity measurement tools. The correlation coefficient between the score of the enterprise health promotion index and the score of the informal health promotion tool was analyzed for the criterion validity evaluation. RESULTS: The criterion validity of the Enterprise Health Promotion Index and activity index were supported by finding moderate (r=.597) and high (r=.783) correlation coefficient. However, the requirement index has low levels of criterion validity (r=.364). CONCLUSION: Based on these results, we suggest to improve the utility of the corporate health promotion index by developing user manual, active public relations, and providing briefing sessions.
Employment ; Health Occupations ; Health Promotion* ; Korea ; Methods ; Occupational Health ; Public Relations ; Workplace

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among physical and psychosocial risk factors, mental health, and presenteeism of South Korean hairdressers. METHODS: This study is a secondary analysis of data extracted from the 2014 Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), conducted by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. For the present analysis, 920 hairdressers were selected. Based on existing literature, a set of variables was chosen from the KWCS. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association among risk factors in working place, mental health, and presenteeism. RESULTS: The prevalence of poor mental health and presenteeism was 45.1% and 36.0%, respectively. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that ‘repetitive hand or arm movements,’ were significant predictors of mental health (OR: 0.63, CI: 0.41~0.97), and ‘role clarity’ was a significant predictor of presenteeism (OR: 1.86, CI: 1.10~3.13). CONCLUSION: Based on these results, we suggest to improve the clarification of the role of hairdressers as a strategy to reduce their presenteeism.
Arm ; Hand ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Mental Health* ; Occupational Health ; Presenteeism* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify job stress and psychological health of female household head workers and investigate the relationship between them. METHODS: This study was cross-sectionally designed. We analysed the secondary data extracted from the 2nd and 3rd Korean Working Condition Survey. 4,807 female employees were included in the final analysis. χ² test and multiple logistic regression using IBM SPSS 23.0 were performed. RESULTS: 46.7% of female household head workers were in poor psychological health. In the area of job stress-related characteristics affecting the level of psychological health, it was found that female household head workers had a higher likelihood of becoming psychologically unhealthy due to organizational relationships and inadequate compensation factors. CONCLUSION: Considering the fact that the number of female household head workers is gradually expanding as a breadwinner, it is necessary to find a way of paying attention to their job stress and psychological health in order to support them.
Compensation and Redress ; Family Characteristics* ; Female* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mental Health*