Objective To investigate the enhanced CT and MRI imaging features of nasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)and lymphoma(NHL),and to analyze the efficacy of different imaging features in differentiating nasal sinus SCC from NHL.Methods The imaging,clinical and pathological data of 67 patients with sinus SCC and NHL who underwent sinus CT and MRI with contrast CT and MRI in our hospital and confirmed by surgical pathology were retrospectively analyzed,and the tumor origin,maximum diameter,CT density,MRI signal intensity,enhancement degree,tumor internal necrosis,adjacent bone destruction,invasion of surrounding tissues,and The imaging features such as cervical lymph node metastasis within the scanning range were analyzed,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and area under the curve(AUC)were used to analyze the efficacy of different imaging features to distinguish nasal sinus SCC and NHL.Results There were statistically significant differences between the five imaging features of nasal sinus SCC and NHL,including tumor origin,maximum diameter,internal tumor necrosis,surrounding bone destruction and peripheral tissue invasion(P＜0.05),and the AUC of differentiating SCC and NHL were 0.708,0.694,0.785,0.850 and 0.629,respectively.The AUC of SCC and NHL was 0.969,and the sensitivity and specificity were 83.9%and 97.2%,respectively.Conclusion On contrast-enhanced CT and MRI,the imaging signs of tumor origin,maximum diameter,tumor internal necrosis,bone destruction and surrounding tissue invasion are helpful to distinguish nasal sinus SCC from NHL,especially if the tumor originates in the nasal cavity,necrosis is rare,bone destruction is mild,and the possibility of nasal sinus NHL should be given priority.Contrast-enhanced CT and MRI can help differentiate nasal sinus SCC from NHL,and the combination can help improve differential diagnostic performance.

【Objective】 To evaluate the effectiveness of Roche Cobas s 201 in detecting HBV by analyzing its blood nucleic acid testing (NAT) results. 【Methods】 The results were grouped according to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and NAT minipool test (MP), NAT individual test (ID) and repeated NAT ID test (rID), and categorized into 4 groups as ELISA+ /NAT(ID)+ , ELISA+ /NAT(rID)+ , ELISA-/NAT(ID)+ and ELISA-/NAT(rID)+ . The data were statistically analyzed to explore whether there was a difference in the detection of reactive results by repeated NAT, and the correlation between cycle threshold (Ct) and nucleic acid detection rate for NAT-reactive samples with different ELISA results. The true infection status of blood donors was further analyzed by supplementary tests, including NAT systems and chemiluminescence serological marker assays using other methodologies. 【Results】 A total of 1 691 groups of 766 293 blood donor samples were HBV NAT(MP)+ , of which 1 418 groups(83.86%) were detected with reactive results (1 418 HBV NAT+ , 7 090 NAT-), and there were still 273 groups (16.14%) that remained undetected after repeated testing[a total of 1 638 NAT-, Ct(MP): 39.49±3.62]. Of the HBV NAT+ , 881(62.13%) were ELISA+ /NAT(ID)+ , 19(1.34%) were ELISA+ /NAT(rID)+ , 451(31.81%) were ELISA-/NAT(ID)+ , and 67(4.72%) were ELISA-/NAT(rID)+ . For samples with different ELISA results, difference was found in the detection of HBV by repeated NAT (P<0.05). There was no difference in Ct(ID) values between groups ELISA+ /NAT(rID)+ and ELISA-/ NAT(ID)+ , and groups ELISA+ /NAT(rID)+ and ELISA-/ NAT(rID)+ (P>0.05), but there were significant differences between other groups compared pairwise (P<0.05). Supplementary tests were performed on 228 ELISA-/ NAT(MP)+ (ID)- samples, 56 (24.56%) were reactive by chemiluminescent detection of HBsAg+ and 7 (3.07%) by other NAT systems. Among the remaining 221 NAT- samples/donors (96.93%), 53 (23.98%) HBsAg+ donors were likely to have chronic infection, 40 (18.10%) anti-HBe+ and/or anti-HBc+ donors might have previous infections, and the remaining 128 (57.92%) donors who were non-reactive were NAT (MP) pseudo-reactive, with significant differences in anti-HBs levels \'between groups (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Repeated NAT has differential detection of donor samples with different reactivity categories or different serologic results, especially within a certain interval, and repeated NAT for ELISA- samples can significantly improve the detection rate. Ct values can assist in assessing the stability and accuracy of the NAT system. For ELISA-/NAT(MP)+ (ID)- donors, the combination of other highly sensitive assays can reduce the risk of viral residuals and safeguard clinical blood safety.

This article summarizes and organizes relevant publications in journals, along with a review of medical history, systematically summarizing the development process of dental alveolar surgery in China. The initial establishment phase (1935—1952) marked the starting point of Chinese Alveolar Surgery. Despite the impact of wars, it laid the foundation for subsequent research and practice. During the early development phase (1953—1966), the "Chinese Journal of Stomatology" was founded, which promoted the development of Alveolar Surgery. Research focused on tooth extraction methods and complications. Tooth Transplantation and Preprosthetic Surgery gradually began to take off. The stagnant phase (1967—1977) occurred due to the interruption of international exchanges, leading to an almost complete halt in the development of Alveolar Surgery. Entering the rapid catch-up phase (1978—1985), Alveolar Surgery scholars in China began striving to overcome the stagnation of the previous decade. While some progress was made, no significant innovative achievements emerged. In the scientific development phase (1986—2010), clinical research, basic experiments, and paper writing in modern Chinese Alveolar Surgery began to adhere to scientific standards with the rise of experimental medicine. The exploration and innovation stage (2011—2023) is the current development phase, during which Chinese Aveolar Surgery has reached its peak, making substantial progress in technology, clinical practices, and basic research, gradually reaching or even surpassing international advanced levels. Looking back at the development history in China, we can find the wisdom and hard work of the older generation of Alveolar Surgery scholars. However, contemporary challenges and issues, such as standardizing technology, promoting clinical practices, and talent cultivation, need to be addressed by present-day Alveolar Surgery professionals as they forge ahead.

Objective To compare the clinical characteristics of cirrhosis with or without portal vein thrombosis(PVT),and to analyze the therapeutic effect of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)in treating cirrhosis with or without PVT.Methods The clinical data of 193 patients with cirrhosis complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding,who received TIPS from October 2018 to October 2022,were retrospectively analyzed.According to the presence or absence of PVT before TIPS,the patients were divided into non-PVT group(n=118)and PVT group(n=75).After TIPS,the patients were followed up at one,3,6 months and every 6 months thereafter.The effect of PVT on the clinical characteristics of cirrhosis patients and on the therapeutic efficacy after TIPS were analyzed.Results The success rate of TIPS was 100％in both groups.The proportion of carrying out splenectomy or partial splenic artery embolization(PSE)in PVT group was 26.7％(20/75),which was obviously higher than 13.6％(16/118)in non-PVT group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(x2=5.192,P=0.023).In PVT group the preoperative Child-Pugh score,the model of end-stage liver disease(MELD)score and serum sodium model of end-stage liver disease(MELD-Na+)score were(8.1±1.9)points,(9.2±8.0)pointsand(9.2±8.0)points respectively,which in non-PVT group were(7.4±1.9)points,(7.7±5.8)points and(7.7±5.8)points respectively,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The incidence of overt hepatic encephalopathy in PVT group was 33.3％(25/75),which was strikingly higher than 19.5％(23/118)in non-PVT group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.030).No statistically significant differences in postoperative survival rate,rebleeding rate and stent dysfunction rate existed between the two groups(all P＞0.05).Conclusion For the treatment of cirrhotic patients with PVT complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding,TIPS is clinically safe and effective.In cirrhotic patients with PVT,the worse the liver function is,the higher the incidence of overt hepatic encephalopathy after TIPS will be.

Objective To compare and analyze the clinical characteristics and efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)in the treatment of liver cirrhosis with different portal vein thrombosis(PVT)grades.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 75 patients with liver cirrhosis and gastrointestinal bleeding who received TIPS.According to the Yerdel scale of PVT,the patients were divided into type Ⅰ(34 cases),type Ⅱ(25 cases)and type Ⅲ(16 cases).The patients were followed up 1,3,6 months after TIPS and every 6 months thereafter to compare the clinical data and the efficacy of TIPS in three types of PVT patients.Results The success rate of TIPS in three types of patients was 100％.There were differences in platelet to lymphocyte ratio(PLR)and proportion of different Child-Pugh grades among the three types of patients(P＜0.05).After TIPS,portal vein pressure was decreased compared with that before TIPS(P＜0.001).However,there were no significant differences in postoperative survival rate,rebleeding rate,over hepatic encephalopathy rate,stent dysfunction rate,thrombus complete recanalization rate and thrombus recurrence rate(P＞0.05).Conclusion The success rate of TIPS in three types of patients is higher,and the portal vein pressure is decreased significantly after TIPS,but there are no significant differences in the postoperative efficacy.Although the implementation of TIPS in cirrhotic PVT patients is challenging,it is still worth the effort to reshape the portal vein for the benefit of patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of altered oxidative stress system on liver function after partial splenic embolization(PSE).Methods Twenty-nine patients with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenism who received PSE were selected.Peripheral venous blood was drawn from the patients before and at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months after PSE,and the indexes of oxidative stress system factors including malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),advanced oxidiation protein products(AOPPs),and gluta-thione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were detected,as well as liver function indexes.Results There were positive correlation between SOD activity and total bilirubin(TBil)and model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)scores at 1 week postoperatively(TBil:r=0.725,P＜0.05;MELD:r=0.764,P＜0.05).There was positive correlation between GSH-Px activity and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)at 1 month postoperatively(r=0.777,P＜0.05),however,the AOPPs was negatively correlated with ALT and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)at 3 months postoperatively(ALT:r--0.900,P＜0.05;AST:r=-0.957,P＜0.05).Conclusion PSE can improve the body oxidative stress system and enhance the body's antioxidant response,and then improve the liver function.

Objective:To develop a nucleic acid detection system for Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) based on recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RAA) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated(Cas13a). Methods:Thirty strains of H. pylori, as well as two strains each of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter cloacae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected from the Emergency General Hospital between 2021 and 2022. The specific primers and CRISPR RNA (crRNA) required for this newly established method were designed based on the conserved region of the ureC gene of H. pylori. Then, the primer pair that produced the least non-specific products was screened out using agarose gel electrophoresis, and the crRNA sequence with the highest cleavage efficiency was screened according to the fluorescence intensity produced by Cas13a cutting fluorescence probe. The RAA-Cas13a nucleic acid detection system was developed, and the limit of detection and the specificity of which were evaluated by detecting gradient dilutions of H. pylori ATCC 43504 genomic DNA and 5 different clinically common pathogens′ genomic DNA. The consistency with quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR) method was obtained by simultaneously detecting clinical strains using this method and established qPCR method. Two-tailed paired t-test was used to compare the fluorescence results between the two groups, and a P value less than 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. Results:The established RAA-Cas13a nucleic acid detection system could detect target DNA as low as 10 copies/μl. within 1 hour ( t=11.05, P<0.01), without cross-reaction with the other 5 clinically common strains. That method also showed good consistency compared to the qPCR method, the kappa coefficient=1. Conclusions:A method combining RAA with CRISPR-Cas13a for detecting H. pylori has been established, which can be used for rapid and sensitive identification of H. pylori infection.

The incidence of invasive fungal diseases has been increasing annually, becoming one of the most serious infectious diseases affecting clinical departments. Currently, the primary indicators for early diagnosis of invasive fungal disease are the 1-3-β-D-glucan test and the galactomannan antigen test, known as the G test and GM test, respectively. The National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China, in Goal Four of the'National Medical Quality and Safety Improvement Goals′, proposed to'increase the submission rate of pathogen examination before antibiotic treatment in hospitalized patients′, and emphasized the importance of tests such as G test as common clinical mycological diagnostic tools. Moreover, it is of paramount significance for clinical laboratories to ensure the quality of fungal detection. This paper provides a detailed discussion of the key factors affecting the G test and GM test, and the importance of launching the national external quality assessments.

Objective To explore the effect of Sufu on lung adenocarcinoma by observing its mutation and the changes in Gli1 transcription after its mutation.Methods cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics was used to obtain the mutation status of Sufu in lung cancer.Four Sufu single base mutation vectors were constructed and transfected into lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549 and H1975 to establish cells with Sufu overexpression and knockout.Wounding healing assay was employed to determine the effect of Sufu on cell migration,and RT-qPCR,immunofluorescence assay and dual luciferase reporter gene assay were utilized to explore the changes in Gli1 transcription after Sufu mutation.Results cBioPortal data showed that the mutation rate of Sufu in lung cancer was 11.76％in squamous cell carcinoma(2/17),0.96％in adenocarcinoma(6/625),1.01％in small cell lung cancer(4/396),and 0.69％in non-small cell lung cancer(77/11 227).The median survival of lung cancer patients was significantly decreased in those with Sufu mutation than those without(38.00 vs 54.34 months,HR=1.943,P＜0.05).A549 cells were sensitive to Sufu knockout,and it resulted in significant increase of the transcription level of Gli1(P＜0.05).Overexpression of Sufu inhibited cell migration ability in both A549 and H1975 cells(P＜0.05).Sufu mutation had no significant influence on the location of Gli1 in the cells.The Sufu-T411M mutation up-regulated the the transcription level of Gli1(P＜0.05).Conclusion Sufu has an inhibitory effect on lung adenocarcinoma metastasis,and can be regarded as a potential target for lung adenocarcinoma metastasis.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in tertiary hospitals in major regions of China in 2022.Methods Clinical isolates from 58 hospitals in China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2022 Clinical &Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)breakpoints.Results A total of 318 013 clinical isolates were collected from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022,of which 29.5％were gram-positive and 70.5％were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species(excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi)was 28.3％,76.7％and 77.9％,respectively.Overall,94.0％of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 90.8％of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 94.2％in the isolates from children and 95.7％in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 13.1％in most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,21.7％-23.1％of which were resistant to carbapenems.Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.1％to 13.3％.The prevalence of meropenem-resistant strains decreased from 23.5％in 2019 to 18.0％in 2022 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and decreased from 79.0％in 2019 to 72.5％in 2022 in Acinetobacter baumannii.Conclusions The resistance of clinical isolates to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still increasing in tertiary hospitals.However,the prevalence of important carbapenem-resistant organisms such as carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a downward trend in recent years.This finding suggests that the strategy of combining antimicrobial resistance surveillance with multidisciplinary concerted action works well in curbing the spread of resistant bacteria.