Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor disease in young children and young people. It usually has strong invasiveness, and conventional treatment cannot achieve the expected results. Therefore, studying the mechanism of tumor cell death and exploring more effective treatment methods is of great significance. As a new form of cell death, ferroptosis has been found to have three main regulatory pathways closely related to tumor cell molecular mechanisms, genes, etc. This provides a theoretical basis for the application of ferroptosis in the treatment of osteosarcoma. This article reviews recent research on the interaction between ferroptosis and osteosarcoma in regulating molecules, genes, and other factors, as well as the application of ferroptosis in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are thought to regulate articular cartilage through endochondral osteogenesis, consist of mRNA-interfering complementary RNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA). More and more experimental evidence reveals the role of ncRNAs in chondrocyte differentiation and the pathogenesis of several skeletal diseases, including osteoarthritis. In the past few years, increasingly sophisticated DNA sequencing methods and a large number of sepigenetic modifications have greatly contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of osteoarthritis. Recent studies have revealed that RNA interacts with RNA-binding proteins, regulates gene transcription and protein translation, and is involved in various pathological processes in OA, promising to be a therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.

Objective:To investigate the application effects of flipped classroom combined with mini-clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX) evaluation on the cultivation of clinical ability of professional postgraduates majoring in clinical medicine.Methods:A total of 32 trainees, the professional postgraduates majoring in clinical medicine integrated with standardized residency training who rotated in the Department of Neurology, The Southwest Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected and divided into control group and the experimental group, with 16 ones in each group. The control group were taught with the traditional standardized residency training program, while the experimental group were assessed by Mini-CEX evaluation once every two weeks combined with flipped classroom in stages on the basis of the control group. At the end of the training, the application effects of these two teaching methods were evaluated by theoretical knowledge and clinical comprehensive ability (including 7 aspects of medical history collection, physical examination, clinical diagnosis, treatment plan, medical ethics, doctor-patient communication and overall evaluation). SPSS 22.0 was used for t test. Results:At the end of the training, the scores of theoretical knowledge in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group [(89.83±3.93) points vs. (85.75±5.34) points], with statistical differences ( P<0.05). For the clinical comprehensive ability, the scores of history collection, physical examination, clinical diagnosis, treatment plan, doctor-patient communication and overall evaluation were higher in the experimental group than in the control group ( P<0.05), except for the medical ethics. Conclusion:The application of flipped classroom combined with Mini-CEX evaluation improves the teaching quality and strengthens the clinical comprehensive ability of students, which is worth promoting in clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Acronychia pedunculata water extracts on UV-induced light damage of human keratinocytes.Methods:The experiment was conducted from December 2018 to April 2020 in the Guangxi Medical University Laboratory of Genetics. The photoaged keratinocyte model was used, the cells were co-cultured with different concentrations of Acronychia pedunculata water extracts. The cell proliferation rate was detected by CCK-8 method. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of cells were detected by a test kit. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined by ELISA.Results:The proliferation of HaCaT cells was promoted by 0.5 mg/L-2.0 mg/L of the extracts. Compared with control group, the proliferation rate of HaCaT cells in the experimental group was significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with control group, the contents of ROS was decreased ( F=214.67, P<0.05), MDA was decreased ( F=811.88, P<0.05), SOD was increased ( F=28.95, P<0.05), CAT was increased ( F=213.31, P<0.05), GPX was increased ( F=65.10, P<0.05), T-AOC was increased ( F=305.58, P<0.05), IL-1β was decreased ( F=15.46, P<0.05), IL-6 was decreased ( F=59.2, P<0.05), and TNF-α was decreased ( F=33.13, P<0.05). Conclusions:The extracts of 0.5-2.0 mg/L of Acronychia pedunculata have protective effects on the photoaging cell model, which may be related to the increase of SOD, CAT, GPX and other antioxidant enzymes and the level of T-AOC in photoaging HaCaT cells, and the decrease of ROS, MDA content and the expression of inflammatory cytokines.

Exosomes are extracellular microbubbles related to intercellular communication, which have the ability to transport and transfer biological macromolecules. Pain will lead to a sharp decline in the quality of life of patients, and will give patients and society a heavy medical burden. More and more evidences show that the exosomes plays an important role in the pathological process of pain related diseases.Summarizing the exosomes and the biomolecules carried by them under different pain conditions, and identifying the specific exosomes related to the pain state will be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of pain related diseases. In addition, the ability of exosomes to transmit information and its widespread characteristics in the body indicate that they have broad prospects as a new diagnosis and treatment tool in the field of pain. A better understanding of the relationship between the exosomes and pain will provide a novel and promising treatment for patients with pain.

The recombinant adenoviruses expressing miR-22 (Ad-miR-22) was constructed and the effect of Ad-miR-22 on insulin signal pathway and glucose uptake in HepG2 cells was analyzed. MiR-22 gene was amplified by PCR from human hepatocytes and cloned into the pAdTrack-CMV vector to generate the shuttle plasmid pAdT-22. The positive colonies were confirmed by PCR and sequencing. The resultant shuttle plasmid was linearized with Pme I, followed by co-transformation into competent BJ5183 cells containing an adenoviral backbone plasmid (pAdEasy-1) to create the recombinant plasmid pAd-miR-22. After digested with Pac I, the linearized pAd-miR-22 was transfected into 293A packaging cell line to generate recombinant adenoviruses Ad-miR-22. HepG2 cells were infected with Ad-miR-22 or control Ad-GFP (adenoviruses expressing green fluorescent protein), and then the miR-22 expression levels were analyzed by qPCR. The result shows that adenovirus-mediated overexpression of miR-22 significantly decreased insulin-induced glucose uptake in HepG2 cells. Moreover, overexpression of miR-22 markedly decreased insulin-induced phosphorylation of GSK-3β. miR-22 also increased the mRNA levels of gluconeogenic genes in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, Western blotting results indicate that the protein expression of SIRT1 decreased in Ad-miR-22 infected HepG2 cells as compared with Ad-GFP infected HepG2 cells. In summary, overexpressing of miR-22 significantly increased gluconeogenesis while decreased glucose uptake in HepG2 cells. The effect of miR-22 on glucose metabolism may be mediated by SIRT1.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ; metabolism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; genetics ; Transfection

The current document is based on a consensus reached by a panel of experts from the Chinese Society of Allergy and the Chinese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rhinology Group. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects approximately 8% of Chinese adults. The inflammatory and remodeling mechanisms of CRS in the Chinese population differ from those observed in the populations of European descent. Recently, precision medicine has been used to treat inflammation by targeting key biomarkers that are involved in the process. However, there are no CRS guidelines or a consensus available from China that can be shared with the international academia. The guidelines presented in this paper cover the epidemiology, economic burden, genetics and epigenetics, mechanisms, phenotypes and endotypes, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, management, and the current status of CRS in China. These guidelines—with a focus on China—will improve the abilities of clinical and medical staff during the treatment of CRS. Additionally, they will help international agencies in improving the verification of CRS endotypes, mapping of eosinophilic shifts, the identification of suitable biomarkers for endotyping, and predicting responses to therapies. In conclusion, these guidelines will help select therapies, such as pharmacotherapy, surgical approaches and innovative biotherapeutics, which are tailored to each of the individual CRS endotypes.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biomarkers ; China ; Consensus ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy ; Eosinophils ; Epidemiology ; Epigenomics ; Genetics ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Inflammation ; International Agencies ; Medical Staff ; Neck ; Phenotype ; Precision Medicine

Objective: To analyze the effect of diary psychological guidance on negative emotion and self-efficacy in patients with duodenal ulcer. Methods: From August 2016 to September 2018, 88 patients with duodenal bulbar ulcer admitted to Harrison International Peace Hospital were divided into study group and control group by random grouping method, 44 cases in each group. The control group was given traditional intervention, while the study group was given diary psychological guidance on the basis of the control group. Both groups were assessed by SAS and SDS, Pittsburgh Sleep Scale, SF-36 Quality of Life Scale and Self-efficacy Scale before and after intervention at the end of the second week. Results: After intervention, SAS and SDS of the study group were (51.3±2.0), (52.4±1.9) respectively, while those of the control group were (58.5±2.8), (59.3±3.1). There were significant differences between the two groups (t=15.278, 13.211, P < 0.05). The Pittsburgh sleep quality score, self-efficacy score and quality of life score in the study group were higher than those in the control group (t=7.892-24.031, all P<0.05). Conclusion The intervention of diary psychological guidance can improve the negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, and improve the self-efficacy of patients with duodenal ulcer.

BACKGROUNDThe extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae has increasingly become a major contributor to nosocomial infections and can exhibit multiple antibiotic resistance. Previous studies have focused on the resistance genes in ESBL-producing strains, and the resistance-associated genetic environment of non-ESBL-producing strains has been ignored until now. Here, we investigated the occurrence and characteristics of non-ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, which potentially carries unexpressed resistance genes.

METHODSK. pneumoniae strains were collected from five medical institutions in China from February 2010 to August 2013. The VITEK-2 ESBL detection system was used as a primary screen to identify the ESBL-producing phenotype, and the three primary types of ESBL-associated genes (CTX, SHV, and TEM) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm the strains presenting with a non-ESBL-producing phenotype. mRNA expression in the non-ESBL-producing strains was further screened by reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to validate their transcriptional efficiency.

RESULTSOut of 224 clinically isolated antibiotic-sensitive K. pneumoniae strains with a non-ESBL-producing phenotype, 5 (2.2%) were identified to carry inactivated ESBL blaSHV genes with intact upstream promoter regions and resistance gene sequences. Interestingly, three of the five antibiotic-sensitive K. pneumoniae strains containing ESBL blaSHV genes still exhibited mRNA transcription of blaSHV, while the other two exhibited no mRNA transcription.

CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that inactivated ESBL genes exist in non-ESBL-producing antibiotic-sensitive K. pneumoniae strains, which have the potential to transform the strain into an ESBL phenotype if an inappropriate application or overdose of antibiotics is implemented during clinical management.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; genetics ; Humans ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; beta-Lactamases ; genetics