Objective To analyze the clinical significance of subjective visual vertical (SVV) tests at different head deflection angles in assessing utricle function in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Methods A total of 61 BPPV patients who were treated at the Hearing Impairment and Vertigo Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from August 2022 to May 2023 were retrospectively included, and 29 healthy adults were selected as controls. SVV tests were performed on all research subjects at different head deflection angles: upright head (0°), left head 45° (L45°), right head 45° (R45°). The test results between the two groups were compared. Results SVV absolute value at R45° in BPPV group was lower than that in the control group (P＝0.003); there was no significant difference in SVV values at 0° and L45° between the two groups. There was no statistical difference in SVV values at different head deflection angles between the control group and the left BPPV group. SVV absolute value at R45° in right BPPV group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.001); there was no statistical difference in SVV values at 0° and L45° between the two groups. Conclusions SVV test can provide subjective information about the utricle, and SVV tests at different head deflection angles can fine-tune evaluate the function of the utricle in BPPV patients.

Background Personal protection is crucial for reducing the risk of zoonotic pathogen infection among livestock workers. Investigating the current status of its implementation and associated influencing factors can provide empirical evidence for developing more effective intervention measures. Objective To investigate the current status of personal protection implementation among livestock workers in Xinjiang, China and its influencing factors, providing a reference for formulating targeted intervention measures. Methods This study was conducted in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Kashgar region, and the First and Eighth Divisions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. We selected large-scale cattle and sheep farms, cooperatives, individual livestock households, livestock trading markets, slaughterhouses, and retail markets. Using cluster sampling, we recruited all livestock workers (1074 participants) at sampled sites. During the period from April to July 2024, we conducted face-to-face surveys with a self-designed questionnaire among livestock workers, collecting general demographic information, occupational exposure history, and information related to the use of personal protective equipment, resulting in 939 valid questionnaires. EpiData 3.1 was used for data entry and SPSS 26.0 for statistical analysis. We employed logistic regression to compare the implementation of personal protection among workers by selected categories. Results Among the study subjects, there were 300 workers from large-scale farms (31.95%) and 583 self-employed livestock farmers (62.09%). The sample included 600 males (63.90%) and 339 females (36.10%). The majority of the study subjects was farmers, breeders, or aged 18-60 years (87.75%), auxiliary workers (87.97%) and had an education level of junior high school or below (81.36%). The proportion of workers who consistently and correctly implemented all five personal protective measures (washing hands after work, wearing gloves, wearing masks, wearing dedicated work clothes, and using rubber boots) was 35.14% (330/939). The implementation rates for these five protective measures were 93.61% (879/939), 58.68% (551/939), 57.93% (544/939), 46.01% (432/939), and 42.81% (402/939), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the implementation rates of differen personal protective measures among the workers by occupation and education level (P<0.05). Among them, workers with lower education levels had lower implementation rates for various protective measures. The results of logistic regression indicated that, compared to male workers, female workers (OR=2.26, 95%CI: 1.68, 3.04) showed a higher rate of non-standard implementation of personal protection. Using the age group of 18 to less than 36 years as a reference, those aged 36 to less than 60 years (OR=1.82, 95%CI: 1.33, 2.50) and 60 years or older (OR=4.45, 95%CI: 2.56, 7.73) reported higher rates of non-standard implementation of personal protection. Compared to those with an education level of primary school or below, those with a junior high school education (OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.47, 0.88) and a high school education or above (OR=0.13, 95%CI: 0.19, 0.29) showed lower rates of non-standard implementation of personal protection. Compared to farmers, veterinarians (OR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.07) reported the lowest rate of non-standard implementation of personal protection, followed by auxiliary workers (OR=0.08, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.12), breeders (OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.07, 0.15), and other occupational groups (OR=0.28, 95%CI: 0.15, 0.52). Using large-scale farms as a reference, self-employed farmers (OR=13.5, 95%CI: 9.65, 18.88) reported a higher rate of non-standard implementation of personal protection, followed by workers from other workplaces (OR=3.63, 95%CI: 2.01, 6.54). Conclusion The implementation of personal protective measures among livestock workers in Xinjiang is generally satisfactory. However, significant disparities in the execution of these measures exist among different types of workers, indicating the need to enhance occupational health promotion to reduce the risk of zoonotic pathogen infection among the workers.

Background Animal farming may affect the structure and diversity of gut microbiota of farm workers, but it needs more studies to provide solid evidence. Objective To analyze the diversity characteristics of gut microbiota in dairy farm workers, dairy cows, and the control population (non-animal contact occupational group), and to assess the impact of dairy farming on the gut microbiota of workers. Methods The 16S rRNA full-length amplicon sequencing technology was used to sequence 60 fecal samples from dairy farm workers, 89 from dairy cows, and 50 from the general population. The gut microbiota structure characteristics, including operational taxonomic units (OTUs), alpha diversity, beta diversity, and the composition of species at the phylum, family, and genus levels were analyzed. The differences in gut microbiota among the three groups of samples were compared to explore the impact of occupational exposure on the gut microbiota structure of dairy farm workers. Results A total of 50478 OTUs were identified in the gut microbiota of farm workers, dairy cows, and the general population, with 23613, 42723, and 16592 OTUs, respectively. The number of shared OTUs between the dairy cows and the general population was 12674 (27.17%), between the general population and the farm workers was 10099 (33.54%), and between the dairy cows and the farm workers was 17690 (36.36%). Compared with the general population, the farm workers and dairy cows showed more shared gut microbiota (P<0.01). The abundance of Firmicutes in the gut of the farm workers was higher than that of the general population (P<0.01), while Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria were the opposite (P<0.01). The alpha diversity of gut microbiota in the farm workers was different from that of the general population. The ACE index of the farm workers was slightly lower than that of the general population and much lower than that of dairy cows (P<0.05), while their Shannon index was higher than that of the general population but lower than that of dairy cows (P<0.01). The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LefSe) showed that the abundances of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae in the gut microbiota of the farm workers were significantly higher than those of the general population, while Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Erysipelatoclostridiaceae were lower than those of the general population. Conclusion The dairy farm workers shares a certain proportion of common bacterial communities with dairy cows. Dairy farming operations can affect the structure and diversity of the gut microbiota of workers by increasing the abundances of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, while decreasing the abundances of Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Erysipelatoclostridiaceae. The study results provide reference data for further exploring the cross-host transmission of pathogens related to occupational exposure in dairy farming.

Objective : To understand the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2022, so as to provide insights into formulation of respiratory infectious disease prevention and control strategies. Methods: The data pertaining to notifiable respiratory infectious disease in Huzhou City from 2017 to 2022 were collected through the Infectious Disease Report Information System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious disease was analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. : Results Conclusions: A total of 31 314 cases of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases were reported in Huzhou City from 2017 to 2022, with an average annual reported incidence of 169.12/105. The reported incidence of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases appeared a tendency towards a rise in Huzhou City from 2017 to 2022 (P<0.05). The top six reported diseases in terms of case numbers were influenza (20 048 cases), tuberculosis (6 920 cases), COVID-19 (1 893 cases), mumps (1 413 cases), pertussis (475 cases) and scarlet fever (442 cases), accounting for 99.61% of the total cases. The incidence of influenza, COVID-19 and pertussis showed a tendency towards a rise, the incidence of mumps and tuberculosis showed a tendency towards a decline (all P<0.05), and scarlet fever remained at a low-level incidence (P>0.05). Respiratory infectious diseases were mainly reported in winter (January, February and December), with 14 644 cases accounting for 46.77%. There were 15 068 cases reported in schools and kindergartens, accounting for 48.12%. The incidence showed a U-shaped variation with age, with the highest incidence in residents at ages of 10 years and below (987.68/105), and showing a tendency towards a rise in residents at ages of 60 years and above. The incidence of respiratory infectious diseases in Huzhou City from 2017 to 2022 increased significantly. Influenza, tuberculosis, COVID-19, mumps and pertussis are key notifiable respiratory infectious diseases. Residents at ages of 10 years and below and 60 years and above should be given a high priority for respiratory infectious disease control.

BACKGROUND:With the increase of patients with cubital tunnel syndrome,ulnar groove plasty does not affect the normal anatomical structure and distribution of the ulnar nerve,which is one of the main surgical procedures for the treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome.3D printing combined with ulnar groove plasty can more accurately position the expansion depth and width of the ulnar groove to avoid some surgical complications. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of 3D printing technology combined with ulnar groove plasty on nerve electrophysiology and prognosis in patients with cubital tunnel syndrome. METHODS:A total of 70 patients with moderate and severe cubital tunnel syndrome who were treated in Cangzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into two groups,with 35 cases in each group.The control group underwent traditional ulnar groove plasty.The observation group underwent 3D printing technology combined with ulnar groove plasty.The patients were followed up for 3 months.The clinical efficacy,latency,amplitude of compound muscle action potential of abductor pollicis brevis of the affected limb and ulnar nerve motor conduction velocity,grip strength on the affected side,pinch strength of the middle and thumb fingers,S-W monofilament of the little finger,two-point discrimination of the little finger,and Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire score were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group(74%),the excellent and good rate was significantly higher in the observation group(91%)(P<0.05).(2)Compared with pre-treatment,the latency of compound muscle action potential of abductor pollicis brevis of affected limb was significantly shorter and the wave amplitude and ulnar nerve motor conduction velocity were significantly higher in the two groups after treatment.The latency was significantly shorter and the wave amplitude and ulnar nerve motor conduction velocity were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).(3)Compared with pre-treatment,the grip strength,middle finger and thumb pinch strength of the affected side,S-W monofilament of the little finger and two-point discrimination of the little finger were significantly decreased in the two groups after treatment.The grip strength,middle finger and thumb pinch strength on the affected side were greater,S-W monofilament of the little finger and two-point discrimination of the little finger were significantly smaller in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).(4)Compared with pre-treatment,the Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire scores of the two groups were significantly reduced after treatment,and the Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).(5)It is concluded that 3D printing technology combined with ulnar groove plasty in the treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome can effectively improve its clinical efficacy,promote the neurophysiological recovery of patients,and enhance the function of fingers and upper limbs,which has high clinical application value.

Objective: To investigate the trends in incidence and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2023, so as to provide insights into optimizing infectious disease surveillance and control. Methods: Data of notifiable infectious disease cases in Huzhou City from 2005 to 2023 were collected from the Infectious Disease Report Information System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Trends in incidence were analyzed using annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). The population distribution and seasonal characteristics were descriptively analyzed. Results: From 2005 to 2023, a total of 504 283 cases of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Huzhou City, with an annual crude incidence rate of 892.65/105 and a standardized incidence rate of 989.21/105. The incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases in Huzhou City showed an upward trend (AAPC=8.886%, P<0.05), of which there was an obvious upward trend from 2021 to 2023 (APC=95.996%, P<0.05). After the removal of COVID-19 incidence, the incidence trend was basically unchanged (AAPC=7.970%, P<0.05). From 2005 to 2023, the incidence rate of class A and B notifiable infectious diseases showed no obvious trend (P>0.05), and the incidence rate of class A and B respiratory infectious diseases showed an upward trend (AAPC=6.958%, P<0.05). After the removal of COVID-19 incidence, the two showed a downward trend (AAPC=-7.680% and -8.660%, both P<0.05). The incidence rate of class A and class B intestinal infectious diseases, blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases showed a downward trend (AAPC=-14.849% and -5.977%, both P<0.05), while the incidence rates of natural and insect-borne infectious diseases did not show a significant trend (P>0.05). The overall incidence rate of class C infectious diseases showed an upward trend (AAPC=13.058%, P<0.05). The incidence rate ratio (IRR) of notifiable infectious diseases between males and females was 1.26 (95%CI: 1.25-1.27). A total of 204 043 cases under 10 years were reported, accounting for 40.46%. The peak incidence of class A and B respiratory infectious diseases was in January, May and June, while that of class A and B intestinal infectious diseases was from June to October. The peak incidence of class C respiratory infectious diseases was in January, March, April and December, while that of class C intestinal infectious diseases was from May to August and from November to December. Conclusions The incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases in Huzhou City showed an upward trend from 2005 to 2023, which was more obvious from 2021 to 2023. Men and children under 10 years were the high-risk population. The incidence of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases had obvious seasonal characteristics.

Objective:To explore the genetic background for a patient with refractory myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN) with co-morbid neutrophilia patient.Methods:A MDS/MPN patient who was admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in May 2021 was selected as the study subject. RNA sequencing was carried out to identify fusion genes in his peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Fusion gene sequence was searched through transcriptome-wide analysis with a STAR-fusion procedure. The novel fusion genes were verified by quantitative real-time PCR and Sanger sequencing.Results:The patient, a 67-year-old male, had progressive thrombocytopenia. Based on the morphological and molecular examinations, he was diagnosed as MDS/MPN with co-morbid neutropenia, and was treated with demethylating agents and Bcl-2 inhibitors. Seventeen months after the diagnosis, he had progressed to AML. A novel fusion gene NCOR1: : GLYR1 was identified by RNA-sequencing in his peripheral blood sample, which was verified by quantitative real-time PCR and Sanger sequencing. The patient had attained morphological remission after a DCAG regimen (a combinatory chemotherapy of decitabine, cytarabine, aclarubicin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factors) plus Chidamide treatment. A significant decrease in the NCOR1: : GLYR1 expression was revealed by quantitative real-time PCR at post-chemotherapy evaluation. Conclusion:NCOR1: : GLYR1 gene is considered as the pathogenic factor for the MDS/MPN patient with neutropenia.

Background:Following the short-term outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in December 2022 in China,clinical data on kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)with COVID-19 are lacking.Methods:We conducted a single-center retrospective study to describe the clinical features,complications,and mortality rates of hospitalized KTRs infected with COVID-19 between Dec.16,2022 and Jan.31,2023.The patients were followed up until Mar.31,2023.Results:A total of 324 KTRs with COVID-19 were included.The median age was 49 years.The median time between the onset of symptoms and admission was 13 d.Molnupiravir,azvudine,and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were administered to 67(20.7%),11(3.4%),and 148(45.7%)patients,respectively.Twenty-nine(9.0%)patients were treated with more than one antiviral agent.Forty-eight(14.8%)patients were treated with tocilizumab and 53(16.4%)patients received baricitinib therapy.The acute kidney injury(AKI)occurred in 81(25.0%)patients and 39(12.0%)patients were admitted to intensive care units.Fungal infections were observed in 55(17.0%)patients.Fifty(15.4%)patients lost their graft.The 28-d mortality rate of patients was 9.0%and 42(13.0%)patients died by the end of follow-up.Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified that cerebrovascular disease,AKI incidence,interleukin(IL)-6 level of>6.8 pg/mL,daily dose of corticosteroids of>50 mg,and fungal infection were all associated with an increased risk of death for hospitalized patients.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that hospitalized KTRs with COVID-19 are at high risk of mortality.The administration of immunomodulators or the late application of antiviral drugs does not improve patient survival,while higher doses of corticosteroids may increase the death risk.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea (OID) in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2023, so as to provide the basis for formulating of prevention and control measures for OID. Methods: Data of OID in Huzhou City from 2013 to 2023 were collected from the Infectious Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of OID cases were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 111 455 cases of OID were reported in Huzhou City from 2013 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence of 331.82/105, showing a decreasing trend (P<0.05). The peak incidence of OID was reported from July to August and from November to February of the following year, primarily due to bacterial and viral pathogens, respectively. Changxing County had the highest reported incidence of OID (660.62/105), while Anji County had the lowest (188.92/105). Among the reported cases, 58 259 were male and 53 196 were female, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.10∶1. The highest incidence was observed in children aged under 1 year (4 545.70/105). The majority of cases were scattered children, with 36 933 cases (33.14%). There were 22 639 cases with clear pathogens, and rotavirus was the most common, with 16 953 cases (74.88%). Conclusions The overall incidence of OID in Huzhou City showed a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2023. OID peaked in summer and winter and was primarily observed in children aged 1 year below and scattered children. Rotavirus infection was the dominant etiology.

Objective:To assess the efficacy, safety, and related prognostic factors associated with the P-GemDOx regimen as a first-line treatment for patients with early-stage extranodal natural killer (NK) /T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) .Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on sixty early-stage ENKTL patients treated with the P-GemDOx regimen who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between August 2015 and May 2021. The Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare group differences, and the Log-rank test was used to compare the differences in survival. Survival outcomes and prognostic factors were examined.Results:After completing 4 to 6 cycles of P-GemDOx chemotherapy, the overall response rate (ORR) was 88.3%, with forty-six patients (76.7% ) achieving complete response (CR). The 4-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were (66.3±7.1) % and (79.5±6.0) %, respectively. According to the PINK/PINK-E model, there was no significant difference in survival outcomes among risk groups. 23.3% of patients experienced progression of disease within 24 months (POD<24). OS estimates differed significantly ( P<0.001) between the POD<24 group ( n=14) and the POD≥24 group ( n=46). Analysis showed that SUVmax > 12.8 at diagnosis, non-single nasal cavity infiltration, and response less than CR after 4–6 cycles all had a significant association with POD24. We used these data as the basis for predicting POD<24 international prognostic index (POD24-IPI). Patients were stratified into low-risk (no risk factors), intermediate-risk (one risk factor), or high risk (two or three risk factors). These groups were associated with 4-year OS rate of 100%, (85.6±9.7) %, and (65.0±10.2) %, respectively ( P=0.014). The P-GemDOx regimen was well tolerated, with hematological toxicity being the main side effect. Conclusion:This study demonstrated that the P-GemDOx regimen is effective and safe in the first-line treatment of early-stage ENKTL, and POD24-IPI is a promising prognostic model.