RNAs are involved in the crucial processes of disease progression and have emerged as powerful therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. However, efficient delivery of therapeutic RNA to the targeted location and precise detection of RNA markers remains challenging. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to applying nucleic acid nanoassemblies in diagnosing and treating. Due to the flexibility and deformability of nucleic acids, the nanoassemblies could be fabricated with different shapes and structures. With hybridization, nucleic acid nanoassemblies, including DNA and RNA nanostructures, can be applied to enhance RNA therapeutics and diagnosis. This review briefly introduces the construction and properties of different nucleic acid nanoassemblies and their applications for RNA therapy and diagnosis and makes further prospects for their development.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic performance of MRI Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2018 in high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with intrahepatic parenchymal substantial lesions ≤3.0 cm.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted in hospitals between September 2014 to April 2020. 131 pathologically confirmed non-HCC cases with lesions ≤3.0 cm in diameter were randomly matched with 131 cases with lesions ≤3.0 cm in diameter and divided into benign (56 cases), other hepatic malignant tumor (OM, 75 cases), and HCC group (131 cases) in a 1:1 ratio. MRI features of the lesions were analyzed and classified according to LI-RADS v2018 criteria (tie-break rule was applied to lesions with both HCC and LR-M features). Taking the pathological results as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the LI-RADS v2018 classification criteria and the more stringent LR-5 criteria (with three main signs of HCC at the same time) were calculated for HCC, OM or benign lesions diagnosis. Mann -Whitney U test was used to compare the classification results. Results:The number of cases classified as LR-M, LR-1, LR-2, LR-3, LR-4, and LR-5 in HCC group after applying the tie-break rule were 14, 0, 0, 12, 28, and 77, respectively. There were 40, 0, 0, 4, 17, 14 and 8, 5, 1, 26, 13, 3 cases in benign and OM group, respectively. There were 41 (41/77), 4 (4/14) and 1 (1/3) lesion case in the HCC, OM and benign group, respectively, that met the more stringent LR-5 criteria. The sensitivity of LR-4 combined with LR-5 (LR-4/5) criteria, LR-5 criteria and more stringent LR-5 criteria for HCC diagnosis were 80.2% (105/131), 58.8% (77/131) and 31.3% (41/131), respectively, and the specificity were 64.1% (84/131), 87.0% (114/131) and 96.2% (126/131), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of LR-M were 53.3% (40/75) and 88.2% (165/187), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity using LR-1 combined with LR-2 (LR-1/2) criteria for the diagnosis of benign liver lesions were 10.7% (6/56) and 100% (206/206), respectively.Conclusions:LR-1/2, LR-5, and LR-M criteria have high diagnostic specificity for intrahepatic lesions with a diameter of ≤3.0 cm. Lesions classified as LR-3 are more likely to be benign. The specificity of LR-4/5 criteria is low, while the more stringent LR-5 criteria has a high specificity for HCC diagnosis.

In order to screen African swine fever virus (ASFV) diagnostic antigen with the best enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reactivity. By establishing the ELISA method, the diagnostic antigen of ASFV p30 protein expressed by baculovirus-insect cell expression system as reference, we explored the antigenic properties and diagnostic potential of ASFV p35 protein expressed by prokaryotic expression system as a diagnostic antigen. The results of Western blotting and immunofluorescence show that the molecular weight of the recombinant p35 protein and p30 protein obtained was 40 kDa and 30 kDa, respectively, and these two proteins had good immuno-reactivity with ASFV positive serum. Recombinant p30 and p35 proteins were used as diagnostic antigens to establish ELISA, and the sensitivity and repeatability of these methods were tested. The results show that although the detection sensitivity of the p30-ELISA established in this study was higher than that of the p35-ELISA, the sensitivity of p35-ELISA was 95.8%, and variations in intra- and inter-assay repeatability of the two methods were less than 10%. The coincidence rate between the p35-ELISA and the imported kit was 97.2%. Results show that p35-ELISA was sensitive and stable, and could detect specific antibodies against ASFV.
African Swine Fever/diagnosis* ; African Swine Fever Virus/genetics* ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics* ; Swine

Objective:To summarize the effect of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of limb contracture secondary to venous malformation.Methods:From January 2015 to June 2019, nine cases of limb contracture secondary to venous malformation, from Peking University Third Hospital and Rehabilitation Hospital of the National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, were treated with Ilizarov technique, including four males and five females, aged 9 to 35 years, with an average age of 19.5 years. There were two cases of flexion of the hip and knee, four cases of flexion of the knee, two cases of flexion of the knee with talipes equinovarus, and one case of flexion of the wrist. Ilizarov technique was used for treatment after the evaluation of the multi-disciplinary treatment team. According to the safe zone of wire fixation and the limbs deformities character, the preassembled external fixator was connected to the relevant deformed limbs, and the tendons were released at the same time. Limbs deformities were corrected gradually by adjusting the external fixator. For patients with severe pain or rapid development of the affected area, it is appropriate to perform ultrasound-guided injection of lauromacrogol and physical therapy to promote the function of joints.Results:During the treatment, there were no neurovascular injury, peripheral blood circulation disorder, infection event of injection channel and incision, or deep vein thrombosis. The follow-up were 6 to 40 months, with an average of 30.5 months. All the contractures of the hip and knee joints, most of the deformities of the wrist and ankle joints were corrected and the pain disappeared.Conclusions:Ilizarov technique is a minimally invasive, safe and effective method for the treatment of limb contracture secondary to venous malformation.

Objective:To summarize the effect of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of limb contracture secondary to venous malformation.Methods:From January 2015 to June 2019, nine cases of limb contracture secondary to venous malformation, from Peking University Third Hospital and Rehabilitation Hospital of the National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, were treated with Ilizarov technique, including four males and five females, aged 9 to 35 years, with an average age of 19.5 years. There were two cases of flexion of the hip and knee, four cases of flexion of the knee, two cases of flexion of the knee with talipes equinovarus, and one case of flexion of the wrist. Ilizarov technique was used for treatment after the evaluation of the multi-disciplinary treatment team. According to the safe zone of wire fixation and the limbs deformities character, the preassembled external fixator was connected to the relevant deformed limbs, and the tendons were released at the same time. Limbs deformities were corrected gradually by adjusting the external fixator. For patients with severe pain or rapid development of the affected area, it is appropriate to perform ultrasound-guided injection of lauromacrogol and physical therapy to promote the function of joints.Results:During the treatment, there were no neurovascular injury, peripheral blood circulation disorder, infection event of injection channel and incision, or deep vein thrombosis. The follow-up were 6 to 40 months, with an average of 30.5 months. All the contractures of the hip and knee joints, most of the deformities of the wrist and ankle joints were corrected and the pain disappeared.Conclusions:Ilizarov technique is a minimally invasive, safe and effective method for the treatment of limb contracture secondary to venous malformation.

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of extended liver resection using preoperative PTCD (percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage) and PVE (portal vein embolization) to treat patients with locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods We collected and analyzed the clinical data of 27 patients with Bismuth types Ⅲ and Ⅳ hilar cholangiocarcinoma who underwent extended hepatecomy using preoperative PTCD and PVE in our hospital.Results There were 21 patients with R0 resection and 6 patients with R1 resection.The mortality rate was 0％.Eight patients died of cancer recurrence.Conclusion Preoperative PTCD and PVE combined with extended hepatectomy were safe and efficacious in treating patients with locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma,which resulted in potential cure.

Theileria annulata is a tick-borne intracellular protozoan parasite that causes tropical theileriosis, a fatal bovine lymphoproliferative disease. The parasite predominantly invades bovine B lymphocytes and macrophages and induces host cell transformation by a mechanism that is not fully comprehended. Analysis of signaling pathways by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) could be a highly efficient means to understand this transformation mechanism. However, accurate analysis of qPCR data relies on selection of appropriate reference genes for normalization, yet few papers on T. annulata contain evidence of reference gene validation. We therefore used the geNorm and NormFinder programs to evaluate the stability of 5 candidate reference genes; 18S rRNA, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), ACTB (β-actin), PRKG1 (protein kinase cGMP-dependent, type I) and TATA box binding protein (TBP). The results showed that 18S rRNA was the reference gene most stably expressed in bovine PBMCs transformed and non-transformed with T. annulata, followed by GAPDH and TBP. While 18S rRNA and GAPDH were the best combination, these 2 genes were chosen as references to study signaling pathways involved in the transformation mechanism of T. annulata.
Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/parasitology ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; Cells/*parasitology ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Host-Parasite Interactions/*genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/*veterinary ; Reproducibility of Results ; Signal Transduction/*genetics ; Theileria annulata/physiology ; Theileriasis/*physiopathology

Objective To investigate clinical efficacy of finasteride on chronic heart failure(CHF)compli-cated with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)in elderly patients.Methods 100 cases of elderly patients with CHF complicated with BPH were chosen,according to the number table method,they were divided into the observation group and control group,50 cases in each group,all patients were treated according to their cardiac function to regulate anti -CHF therapy.The patients in the observation group were added with finasteride treatment,the control group pla-cebo treated patients,the measurement indexes were compared between the two groups after treatment,including pros-tate volume,N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide concentration,creatinine,international prostate symptom score and symptom score,need operation treatment intervention,incidence acute urinary retention rate.Results After treat-ment,the prostate volume,N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide concentration,creatinine,international prostate symptom score of symptom scores of the observation group were (23.86 ±10.27)mL,(352.63 ±72.55 )g/L, (84.0 ±11.6)mol/L,(9.3 ±4.9),those in the control group were (39.11 ±12.53)mL,(483.46 ±76.47)g/L, (99.0 ±12.8)mol/L,(13.9 ±5.6).The difference was statistically significant(t =9.47,17.56,12.33,8.48,all P <0.05);the observation group need operation treatment intervention was 16.0%,obviously less than 52.0% in the control group,there was significant difference between two groups(χ2 =21.85,P <0.05);acute urinary retention in patients with the observation group the incidence rate of 14.0%,significantly lower than 38.0% in the control group, there was significant difference between two groups(χ2 =12.83,P <0.05).Conclusion Patients with CHF compli-cated with BPH aged at the same time standard anti heart failure treatment using finasteride,significantly reduce the prostate volume,reduce the measurement indexes,and significantly reduce the rate of operation intervention patients, safe and reliable,which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To observe the influence of Huiyang Shengji Ointment and its modified formulae on interleukin-1 (IL-1α) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in diabetic rats with chronic skin ulcers, and explore the mechanism for promoting the healing of ulcer.Methods Six out of 160 rats were randomly selected as a blank group, without any further processing. The remaining rats were made diabetic model and randomly divided into five groups after 2 weeks:1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d and 14 d groups. Then, these groups were further divided into normal group (Vaseline ointments), model group (Vaseline ointments), Huiyang Shengji Ointment group (whole formula Ointment), Wenyang Yiqi group (Yiqi group, modified Wenyang Yiqi formula ointments) and Huoxue Shengji group (Huoxue group, modified Huoxue Shengji formula ointments). Normal group and model group were given Vaseline ointments;whole formula group, Yiqi group and Huoxue group were given corresponding ointment. Normal group used the method of skin excision, while other groups used STZ injection-hydrocortisone interference-skin excision-foreign body embedded preparation of composite factors for chronic skin ulcer model. After the appropriate treatment period, the rats were executed and tested for the contents of IL-1α and TXB2 in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of five time points.Results In treatment 3 d, the contents of IL-1α in Yiqi group were significantly higher than the blank group, model group, whole formula group and Huoxue group (P<0.05). In treatment 5 d, the contents of IL-1α in whole formula group were significantly higher than the blank group and model group (P<0.05). In treatment 7 d, the contents of IL-1α in each treatment group were significantly higher than blank group and model group (P<0.05), and the whole formula group was higher than the Yiqi group and Huoxue group. In treatment 14 d, the contents of IL-1α in model group and Huoxue group were lower than the blank group (P<0.05). In treatment 3 d, the contents of TXB2 in normal group and the whole formula group were higher than the blank group (P<0.05). In treatment 5 d, the contents of TXB2 in whole formula group were higher than the blank group and the normal group (P<0.05). In treatment 7 d, the contents of TXB2 in Yiqi group were higher than the blank, the model, the whole formula and Huoxue groups (P<0.05). In treatment 14 d, the contents of TXB2 in Huoxue group were higher than the blank and model group (P<0.05), and the contents of TXB2 in the blank group and normal group was lower than those treatment groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Huiyang Shengji Ointment and its modified formulae could promote inflammation, stimulate secretion of inflammatory cytokines, while Yiqi Wenyang ointments played a more active role in promoting inflammation of the early phase of wound surface.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of the root of Angelica dahurica cv. Qibaizhi.

METHODThe compounds were isolated and purified by the methods of solvent extraction and chromatographic technique, and their structures were identified on the basis of the analyses of spectral data.

RESULTTwenty-seven compounds were obtained and identified as isoimperatorin (1), alloisoimperatorin (2), oxypeucedanin hydrate (3), byakangelicin (4), alloimperatorin (5), beta-sitosterol (6), dibutylphthalate (7), 6-(3,3-dimethylallyloxy) -7-hydroxycoumarin {7-hydroxy-6-[ (3-methyl-2-butenyl) oxy] -coumarin, 8}, xanthotoxol (9), 5-hydroxy-8-methoxypsoralen ( 5-hydroxyxanthotoxin, 10), smyrindiol (11), umbelliferone (12), bergapten (13), imperatorin (14), phellopterin (15), isoimpinellin (16), 6-acyl-7-methoxycoumarin (17), psoralen (18), isoscopletin (19), scoparone (20), xanthotoxin (21), angelol A (22), oxypeucedanin ethanolate (oxypeucedanin hydrate-3"-ethyl ether, 23), dehydrogeijerin (pablohopin, 24) , ulopterol (25), heraclenol (26), and pabulenol (27), respectively.

CONCLUSIONCompound 8 was a new natural product and the above-mentioned all the compounds except for compounds 1, 3 and 14 were isolated from the root of A. dahurica cv. Qibaizhi for the first time.

Angelica ; chemistry ; China ; Coumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Furocoumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry