Objective: To analyze the current status of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among freshmen in boarding middle schools in Longgang District, Shenzhen, so as to provide reference for formulating tuberculosis prevention and control strategies in the next stage. Methods: Data for tuberculosis health examination conducted among primary and secondary school students in Longgang District of Shenzhen in September 2022 to May 2023 were utilized to analyze the latent tuberculosis infection rate, and to explore the differences in latent tuberculosis infection rate among different grades, school nature, school categories and school levels. Results: The latent tuberculosis infection rate among freshmen in boarding secondary schools in Longgang District, Shenzhen in 2022 was 2.45%. The infection rate among full middle school (6.45%) and high school (3.37%) were higher than that in boarding junior high school (0.28%), nine year education school (0) and twelve year education school (1.00%) ( P <0.01). Moreover, the infection rate of high school freshmen (2.68%) was higher than that of bording junior high school (0.33%), and the rate of public schools (2.87%) and municipal schools (3.24%) were higher than those of private schools (1.78%) and distric-level schools (2.13%) respectively, with statistical significance observed for all differences( χ 2=43.58, 25.15, 22.69, P <0.01). Conclusions The latent tuberculosis infection rate among new boarding secondary students is relatively low in Longgang District of Shenzhen. However, the infection rate is higher in high school, public and municipal school. School should fully guarantee sports participation of students, enhance students awareness of tuberculosis through health knowledge lectures, and reduce the incidence of tuberculosis among students.

An efficient vacuum suction system is a necessary prerequisite for the smooth operation of the oral diagnosis and treatment.During the use of the dental units,there is often a situation of vacuum suction weakness,resulting in the inability to discharge the mixture of blood,saliva,dental tissue and other mixtures in time,which affects the doctor's treatment field and increases the risk of aspiration pneumonia and cross-infection in patients.The working principle,pipeline system,filters and other aspects of the vacuum suction system that may affect the suction efficiency was analyzed.The causes and solutions of vacuum suction weakness were discussed,and operation suggestions were proposed to ensure the safe and effective use of equipment and ensure the safety of diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To compare the impact of orthodontic treatment on pulp volume in adolescents and adults.Methods:Cone-beam CT data of 62 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, from January 2019 to March 2022 were collected. Patients were divided into two age groups (31 patients in each group): adolescent group (aged 13-17, 17 males and 14 females) and adult group (aged 21-25, 12 males and 19 females). Pre-and post-treatment reconstructions of the pulp and dental tissues of upper first molars (UM1) and lower central incisors (L1) were performed. Measurements included pulp volume for UM1 (UM1 P) and L1 (L1 P), pulp chamber volume (UM1 PC) and root canal volume (UM1 RC) for UM1, root length for L1 (L1 RL), and mesiobuccal root length for UM1 (UM1 RL), as well as chamber heights at specific landmarks [the lengths from the central fossa fusion site to the roof of the pulp chamber (H1), the floor of the pulp chamber (H2), the nearest point of root divergence as well as crown-root bifurcation (H3), the farthest point of root divergence (H4), and the pulp chamber height (H5)] in UM1. Changes in these indices were calculated and analyzed using paired and independent sample t-tests for within-group and between-group differences, respectively. Pearson correlation was used to assess potential associations among H5, root length, and pulp volume changes. Results:Before and after orthodontic treatment, no significant difference was observed in the adult group for L1 P ( t=-0.03, P=0.975), while significant differences were noted for UM1 P, UM1 PC, and UM1 RC ( t=9.98, P<0.001; t=9.04, P<0.001; t=6.69, P<0.001). In the adolescent group, significant differences were found for both L1 P and UM1 P ( t=2.25, P=0.029; t=6.30, P<0.001). After orthodontic treatment, the absolute value changes of UM1 P, UM1 PC, and L1 P in the adolescent group were (19.75±9.58), (15.07±7.65) and (1.89±6.29) mm 3, respectively, and in the adult group were (13.33±9.41), (9.16±7.05) and (0.02±4.66) mm 3, respectively ( t=3.77, P<0.001; t=4.48, P<0.001; t=2.34, P=0.048). There was no significant absolute difference in the amount of UM1 RC between the two groups after orthodontic treatment ( t=0.86, P=0.391). Before and after orthodontic treatment, the absolute value changes of L1 RL, H1 and H5 in the adolescent group were (0.54±0.41), (0.38±0.27) and (0.71±0.33) mm, respectively, and the absolute value changes in the adult group were (0.78±0.62), (0.26±0.20) and (0.57±0.28) mm, respectively ( t=-2.43, P=0.017; t=2.96, P=0.004; t=2.57, P=0.011). Whereas no significant differences were observed for UM1 RL, H2, H3, and H4 ( t=-0.85, P=0.400; t=0.43, P=0.669; t=-0.50, P=0.619; t=1.46, P=0.148). Additionally, significant correlations were found between changes in H5 and UM1 RL with UM1 P ( r=0.35, P<0.001; r=0.19, P=0.030), but not between Changes in L1 RL and L1 P ( r=0.11, P>0.05). Conclusions:The effect of orthodontic treatment on pulp volume in adolescents and adults were different.

Objective:To construct the evaluation index system of core competence of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) specialist nurses.Methods:Through literature search and analysis, an entry pool of the core competence evaluation index system for ECMO specialist nurses was initially formed, and 20 medical and nursing experts in acute and critical care and cardiovascular fields were selected for two rounds of correspondence from September to November 2022. According to experts' opinions, the evaluation indexes of core competence of ECMO specialist nurses were modified, and the analytic hierarchy process determined the weights of indexes at all levels.Results:A total of 20 questionnaires were sent out and 20 valid questionnaires were collected during each of the two rounds of expert correspondence consultation, with effective recovery rates of 100.00%. The expert authority coefficient of the second round was 0.86, and Kendall's harmony coefficient was 0.31 ( P<0.01). Finally, the evaluation index system of core competence of ECMO specialist nurses included five primary indexes (clinical professional ability, communication and collaboration ability, nursing management ability, critical thinking ability, and professional development ability), 15 secondary indexes, and 53 tertiary indexes. Conclusions:The evaluation index system of core competence of ECMO specialist nurses constructed in this study is scientific and practical, providing a reference for evaluating ECMO specialist nurses' core competence.

Animals ; Mice ; Motor Neurons/physiology* ; Spinal Cord

Objective:To explore the clinical significance of serum nuclear factor κ B, interleukin(IL)-4, IL-10, IL-12, interferon(IFN)- γ expression in subclinical hypothyroidism with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods:Thirty pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism combined with gestational diabetes mellitus in Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2017 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed as group A. Thirty three pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism were selected as group B, 35 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus as group C and 40 healthy pregnant women as control group.ELISA was used to detect NF-κB, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-γ, and the results were analyzed and compared.Results:The serum levels of NF-κB were (15.91±5.68), (13.22±5.23), (12.97±5.11), (9.74±3.85) μg/L, IL-12 were (28.91±6.84), (21.64±5.72), (22.23±5.91), (13.68±3.76) ng/L, and serum IFN-γ levels were (23.74±5.55), (18.26±4.63), (17.85±4.31), (12.69±3.85) ng/L in A, B, C and the control group respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the three indicators between groups ( F=5.118, 6.821, 7.133, all P<0.05), and group A was higher than group B, C and control, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05); the levels of serum IL-4 in group A, B, C and control group were (8.91±3.99), (10.84±4.47), (11.27±4.62), (13.68±5.46) ng/L, respectively.The levels of serum IL-10 were (10.91±3.86), (13.05±4.58), (12.83±4.69), (15.82±5.33) ng/L, respectively.The differences of serum IL-4 and IL-10 between groups were statistically significant ( F=5.075, 5.616, all P<0.05), and serum IL-4 and IL-10 in group A were lower than those in group B, group C and control group.The levels of serum IL-4 and IL-10 in group B and C were lower than those in control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The activation of NF-kB signaling pathway and its related cytokines may be the influencing factors for the development of subclinical hypothyroidism with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To explore the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with modified labeled method in labeling sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer in comparison with nano-carbon stained method. Methods: Eighty female breast cancer patients who underwent surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between July 2017 and April 2019 were enrolled. Sentinel lymph nodes in all patients were labeled by contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with modified labeled method and nano-carbon stained method, respectively. The consistency of first lymph node labeled by the two methods was judged, the number of SLNs labeled by two methods was counted, and the pathology of the labeled SLN was compared with that after axillary dissection. Results: The two methods have good consistency in locating sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer(Kappa=0.749, P=0.000). The number of SLNs labeled by modified labeling method was significantly less than that labeled by stained method(Z=-7.434, P=0.000). The pathology of lymph nodes labeled by both the modified labeling method and stained method coincided well with that of axillary dissection(Kappa=0.941, 0.943; P=0.000, 0.000), and diagnostic efficiency was comparable(AUC=0.964, 0.967). Conclusions Contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with modified labeling method is simple and accurate in labeling sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer. Accurate assessment of axillary lymph node staging can be made by precise biopsy of 1-2 SLNs.

Objective To investigate the serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations and related factors in early pregnancy. Methods Plasma was collected in the first trimester from 23 396 pregnant women to inves-tigate the vitamin D level, and its distribution and differences in different age, body maxx index ( BMI) and seasons between primipara and multipara. Preterm birth was used as an indicator of clinical outcomes. Vitamin D concentrations were measured using chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay. Results 25-hydroxy vi-tamin D level was 42. 0 (17. 6-76. 6) nmol/L in totally 23 396 pregnant women with early pregnancy, and 5% and 95% percentile sites of vitamin D level were 20. 2 nmol/L and 70. 7 nmol/L respectively. There were 18 170 (77. 7%) primiparas and 5 226 (22. 3%) multiparas, with the mean age of 30. 0 (24. 0-38. 0) years and BMI of 20. 7 (16. 5-27. 6) kg/m2. The number of cases detected in spring (March, April and May), summer (June, July and August), autumn (September, October and November months) and winter (Decem-ber, January and February) were 5 878, 5 554, 5 974, and 5 990, respectively, and the vitamin D levels were 40. 0 (29. 3, 52. 7) nmol/L, 46. 2 (35. 6, 57. 2) nmol/L, 43. 8 (33. 1, 54. 8) nmol/L and 37. 2 (26. 9, 49. 9) nmol/L respectively, with the difference in vitamin D levels statistically significant among the four seasons (P<0. 001). According to BMI, all pregnant women were divided into four groups as BMI<18. 5 kg/m2, 18. 5 kg/m2≤BMI≤23. 9 kg/m2, 24 kg/m2≤BMI≤27. 9 kg/m2, BMI≥28 kg/m2, and the levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D were 43. 5 (30. 9, 56. 9) nmol/L, 42. 1 (30. 8, 53. 8) nmol/L, 39. 9 (30. 7, 50. 4) nmol/L and 39. 7 (30. 7, 49. 4) nmol/L respectively with the difference statistically significant among the four groups. The levels of vitamin D detected in pregnant women with age<25 years, 25~29 years, 30~34 years,≥35 years were 39. 1 ( 28. 4, 52. 3) nmol/L, 41. 3 ( 30. 1, 52. 9) nmol/L, 42. 4 ( 31. 2, 54. 1) nmol/L and 43. 8 (31. 9, 55. 7) nmol/L respectively and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 001). The levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in primary and multiparas were 41. 6 (30. 2, 52. 9) nmol/L and 43. 5 (32. 5, 56. 8) nmol/L with the difference statistically significant (P<0. 001). Among women of different gestational age during childbirth, the differences in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D in early pregnancy were not statistically significant (P=0. 121). The severe deficiency of vitamin D in early pregnancy was defined as serum level of 25-hydroxy vita-min D less than 5th level. There were statistical differences in the probability of severe vitamin D deficiency of dif-ferent ages, seasons and BMI between primiparas and multiparas. Conclusions Pregnant women of lower weight, lower age and primiparity have higher incidence of the severe vitamin D deficiency in early trimester of pregnancy. There is significant difference in 25-hydroxy vitamin D level among the different seasons (winter

Objective To study the incidence of positive t(14;18) and myc gene rearrangement, and the clinical features and prognosis of concurrent positive t ( 14;18 ) and myc gene rearrangement“ double-hit lymphoma” (DHL) in diffuse large B cell lymphoma.Me thods The positive t(14;18) and myc gene rearrangement in 106 cases of DLBCL were analyzed using interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization ( FISH ) technique. The expression of myc and bcl-2 proteins was determined by immunohistochemistry.The relationship of positive t ( 14;18) and myc gene rearrangement with clinical features, pathogenesis and prognosis for the patients was analyzed.SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results Among the 106 cases, there were 27 (25.5%) cases with positive t(14;18) and 13 (12.3%) cases with myc gene rearrangement, and 7 cases (6.6%) of DLBCL with concurrent t(14; 18)-positive and myc gene rearrangement.A relationship was observed between positive t ( 14;18 ) and myc gene rearrangement ( P=0.019) .The follow-up data showed that the 7 DHL patients were in age of 528-4 years, the International Prognostic Index (IPI) scores were 3 in two cases, 4 in four cases and 5 in one case, and the ECOG scores were 3 in all the7 cases .Four patients had bone marrow involvement and were combined with leukemia.The survival time ranged from 0.5 to 6 months, with a median survival of 4 months.The univariate analysis showed that B symptom, Ann Arbor stage, ECOG score, LDH level, IPI score, immunophenotype, bcl-2 protein expression, myc protein expression,and myc gene rearrangement were all associated with poor prognosis ( P<0.05 for all) .The multivariate analysis using a COX proportional hazard model confirmed that ECOG score, bcl-2 protein expression, myc protein expression , myc gene rearrangement, and immunophenotype were independent prognostic factors affecting survival ( P<0.05 for all) , among them, the myc gene rearrangement was the strongest prognostic factor ( OR=4.337,P<0.001) . Conclusions “Double-hit” DLBCL is rare and can be mainly identified only by molecular detection.Perhaps positive t(14;18) and myc gene rearrangement play concurrent role in its “double-hit” pathogenesis.DHL are highly invasive, and most of DHL patients have poor prognosis.Further studies of larger case number are required to determine the pathologic features and the therapeutic strategy of this subgroup.

Objective To study the incidence of positive t(14;18) and myc gene rearrangement, and the clinical features and prognosis of concurrent positive t ( 14;18 ) and myc gene rearrangement“ double-hit lymphoma” (DHL) in diffuse large B cell lymphoma.Me thods The positive t(14;18) and myc gene rearrangement in 106 cases of DLBCL were analyzed using interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization ( FISH ) technique. The expression of myc and bcl-2 proteins was determined by immunohistochemistry.The relationship of positive t ( 14;18) and myc gene rearrangement with clinical features, pathogenesis and prognosis for the patients was analyzed.SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results Among the 106 cases, there were 27 (25.5%) cases with positive t(14;18) and 13 (12.3%) cases with myc gene rearrangement, and 7 cases (6.6%) of DLBCL with concurrent t(14; 18)-positive and myc gene rearrangement.A relationship was observed between positive t ( 14;18 ) and myc gene rearrangement ( P=0.019) .The follow-up data showed that the 7 DHL patients were in age of 528-4 years, the International Prognostic Index (IPI) scores were 3 in two cases, 4 in four cases and 5 in one case, and the ECOG scores were 3 in all the7 cases .Four patients had bone marrow involvement and were combined with leukemia.The survival time ranged from 0.5 to 6 months, with a median survival of 4 months.The univariate analysis showed that B symptom, Ann Arbor stage, ECOG score, LDH level, IPI score, immunophenotype, bcl-2 protein expression, myc protein expression,and myc gene rearrangement were all associated with poor prognosis ( P<0.05 for all) .The multivariate analysis using a COX proportional hazard model confirmed that ECOG score, bcl-2 protein expression, myc protein expression , myc gene rearrangement, and immunophenotype were independent prognostic factors affecting survival ( P<0.05 for all) , among them, the myc gene rearrangement was the strongest prognostic factor ( OR=4.337,P<0.001) . Conclusions “Double-hit” DLBCL is rare and can be mainly identified only by molecular detection.Perhaps positive t(14;18) and myc gene rearrangement play concurrent role in its “double-hit” pathogenesis.DHL are highly invasive, and most of DHL patients have poor prognosis.Further studies of larger case number are required to determine the pathologic features and the therapeutic strategy of this subgroup.