Objective:To explore the research status quo, hot fields and future trend of congenital microtia.Methods:The journal articles in Chinese related to microtia were obtained by searching CNKI. The search range was from the establishment of the database to June 30, 2021, and the language was limited to Chinese. The visual analysis software CiteSpace 5.8 R1 was used to perform bibliometric analysis on the institutions, authors, keywords of the obtained literatures.Results:A total of 570 papers in Chinese were obtained, and the published date ranged from January 1, 1982 to June 30, 2021. Bibliometric analysis showed that although the annual number of publications fluctuated, the overall trend was on the rise. The institution that published most papers was Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (159 articles). The cooperation between authors was relatively close, forming a network structure cored with Jiang Haiyue and Zhang Qingguo. The hot keywords in the literatures were summarized as four areas of "microtia surgery" , "scaffold materials" , "etiology and pathogenesis" , and "digital assisted technology" .Conclusions:The surgical treatment of microtia is always the key issue. New auricular scaffold materials, the genetic pathogenesis of microtia, and digital assisted technology will be the focus of attention in the future.

Objective:To explore the research status quo, hot fields and future trend of congenital microtia.Methods:The journal articles in Chinese related to microtia were obtained by searching CNKI. The search range was from the establishment of the database to June 30, 2021, and the language was limited to Chinese. The visual analysis software CiteSpace 5.8 R1 was used to perform bibliometric analysis on the institutions, authors, keywords of the obtained literatures.Results:A total of 570 papers in Chinese were obtained, and the published date ranged from January 1, 1982 to June 30, 2021. Bibliometric analysis showed that although the annual number of publications fluctuated, the overall trend was on the rise. The institution that published most papers was Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (159 articles). The cooperation between authors was relatively close, forming a network structure cored with Jiang Haiyue and Zhang Qingguo. The hot keywords in the literatures were summarized as four areas of "microtia surgery" , "scaffold materials" , "etiology and pathogenesis" , and "digital assisted technology" .Conclusions:The surgical treatment of microtia is always the key issue. New auricular scaffold materials, the genetic pathogenesis of microtia, and digital assisted technology will be the focus of attention in the future.

Objective To evaluate the role of poly( ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 ( PARP-1) in lung ischemia-reperfusion ( I/R ) injury in rats and the relationship with autophagy. Methods Twenty-four clean-grade healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8-12 weeks, weighing 200-240 g, were divided into 3 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (S group), lung I/R group ( I/R group) and lung I/R plus PARP-1 inhibitor PJ34 group ( I/R+PJ34 group) . The chest was only opened without clamping the left hilum of lung in group S. Lung I/R injury model was established by clam-ping the left hilum of lung for 45 min followed by 120 min reperfusion in I/R and I/R+PJ34 groups. PJ3410 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before ischemia in group I/R+PJ34, while the equal volume of normal saline was injected in S and I/R groups. The rats were sacrificed at the end of reperfusion, and lungs were removed for microscopic examination of the pathological changes ( with a light microscope) which were scored and for determination of wet to dry weight ratio ( W/D ratio) , cell apoptosis ( by TUNEL) , ex-pression of PARP-1 activity markers ( PAR) , Bcl-2, Bax, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3Ⅰ ( LC3-Ⅰ) , LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 ( using Western blot ) . The apoptosis index, Bcl-2/Bax ratio and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio were calculated. Results Compared with S group, the W/D ratio, pathological scores, apoptosis index and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio were significantly increased, the expression of PAR and Beclin-1 was up-regulated, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio was decreased in I/R and I/R+PJ34 groups (P＜0. 05). Compared with I/R group, the W/D ratio, pathological scores, apoptosis index, and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰratio were significantly decreased, the expression of PAR and Beclin-1 was down-regulated, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio was increased in I/R+PJ34 group ( P＜0. 05) . Conclusion PARP-1 activation is involved in lung I/R inju-ry in rats, and the mechanism may be related to increasing autophagy and inducing cell apoptosis.

Objective To make a preliminary investigation and summary of the technique and efficacy of the novel intracranial stent, Enterprise, together with hydro-detachable coils for the treatment of very small intracranial wide-necked aneurysms (diameter<3 nun and body-to-neck ratio<1.5). Methods Six cases with very small intracranial wide-necked aneurysms were treated with Enterprise stents and hydro-detachable coils. In 5 cases the Enterprise stent was implanted to cover the neck of the aneurysm, which was followed by the introduction of a microcatheter into the aneurysmal sac through the stent mesh to stuff hydro-detachable coils in order to fill the aneurysmal sac. In the remaining case, the microcatheter was placed into the aneurysmal sac before the Enterprise stent was inserted to embolize the aneurysm. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for 3-6 months. Results The operation was successfully completed in all 6 patients, with the implanted stents being in right place. The parent arteries remained patency in all patients. No complications occurred. Complete occlusion of aneurysmal cavity was obtained in four cases, and the occlusion degree of the aneurysmal cavity above 95% was seen in 2 cases. After the procedure, all the patients recovered well. Neither rebleeding nor symptoms related to thrombosis occurred during a clinic follow-up of 3-6 months. Conclusion Endovasculur embolization with Enterprise stent together with hydro-detachable coils is a safe and effective method for the treatment of very small intracranial wide-necked aneurysms. However, its long-term effect needs to be further observed.

Objective To investigate the changes of nitric oxide content and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in rat brain tissues after explosive craniocerebral wound and observe the influence of emodin on these changes. Methods After rats were subjected to electric detonators, emodin (10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally at 10 minutes. Water content of brain tissues was measured by using dry-wet methods. The content of nitric oxide and the activity of iNOS were measured at 2, 4, 12 and 24 hours respectively after wound by means of nitrade reductase and colorimctrie method. Results The content of nitric oxide and the activity of iNOS kept at a high level (P<0.01). The content of nitric oxide and the activity of iNOS in model group were increased significantly and reached peak at 2 hours after wound. While the content of nitric oxide and the activity of iNOS in emodin group were significantly lower than that in model group (P<0.01). Conclusion Emodin plays a role in decreasing water content of brain tissues and inhibiting activity of iNOS and may exert a protective effect on brain injury during pathological course after explosive craniocerebral wound.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the metabolism of the hippocampus in non-demented Parkinson's disease(PD) patients. Methods 1H-MRS localized to both hippocampus,was carried out in 36 non-demented PD (14 patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage Ⅰ,8 patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage Ⅱ,8 patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage Ⅲ ,and 6 patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage Ⅳ) and 20 age-matched healthy control subjects. The metabolite ratios of N-acetylasparatate (NAA)/creatine (Cr),and choline-containing compounds (Cho)/Cr in PD patients were compared with those in the age-matched healthy control subjects. Results NAA/Cr ratios were reduced significantly and Cho/Cr ratios were increased sig-nificantly in both hippocampus of patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage Ⅳ compared to those in the age-matched healthy control subjects (P<0.05). However,no significant differences in NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios were found between patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ and the age-matched healthy control subjects (P>0.05). Conclusion 1H-MRS can provide the metabolic information ,and reflect the pathological changes of nerve cell in the hippocampus of non-demented PD patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage Ⅳ. It is helpful to predict the risk of dementia in PD.

Objective To analyze the space-time characteristic of traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by Chinese Wenchuan earthquake and discuss opportunity and mode of medical intervention. Methods A retrospective study was done on 92 patients with TBI admitted into our department during Chinese Wanchuan earthquake.Results All 92 patients came from champaign located at northwest of Chengdu. Of all, 76 patients were admitted within 12 hours after earthquake. Surgical operation Wag done on 10 patients, of whom 3 died.Conclusions In the early period after earthquake, TBI patients make a large proportion and have fast change of injury severity. All patients come from champaign with conven-ient transportation. For TBI patients, early emergent operation after admission can significantly elevate success rate of mcdical intervention.