Objective: To identify biomolecular markers closely related to the occurrence of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and verify their expression levels in clinical samples. Methods: Stage Ⅰ KIRC mRNA sequencing data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for dimensionality reduction to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs)，which then underwent GO and KEGG analyses.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to screen genes significantly related to KIRC，and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to screen hub genes.The diagnostic value of hub genes was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve，and their prognostic value was analyzed using survival curve plots.The correlation between the mRNA expressions of hub genes and the pathological stages of KIRC was analyzed.Clinical samples of 20 patients with stage Ⅰ KIRC treated in our hospital were included，and the expressions of the hub genes in cancerous and adjacent tissues were detected with reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)，Western blotting，and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: A total of 8223 DEGs were screened out，including 4092 up-regulated ones and 4131 down-regulated ones.GO analysis showed that DEGs were related to bioadhesion，plasma membrane composition，and transporter activity.KEGG analysis showed that DEGs were related to pathways such as cell adhesion molecules，cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions，and interactions between viral proteins and cytokines and cytokine receptors.WGCNA analysis obtained 171 genes that were significantly related to stage Ⅰ KIRC.The hub gene，lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2 (LCP2)，screened out by the PPI network，was significantly related to stage Ⅰ KIRC.The area under the ROC curve was 0.96.The expression level was negatively correlated with the overall survival rate of patients.The expression of LCP2 was related to the stage and lymph node metastasis.Clinical verification showed that the mRNA and protein relative expressions of LCP2 in KIRC tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues (P<0.000 1). Conclusion: LCP2 is significantly up-regulated in stage Ⅰ KIRC tissues and can be used as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis and treatment of KIRC.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the serological characteristics and molecular mechanism for an individual with p phenotype. METHODS: An individual with p phenotype upon blood group identification at Jiaxing Blood Center in May 2021 was analyzed. ABO, RhD and P1PK blood groups and irregular antibodies in her serum were identified using conventional serological methods. The encoding region of α1, 4-galactosyltransferase gene (A4GALT) encoding P1 and Pk antigens was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT). RESULTS: The individual was A group, RhD positive and had a p phenotype of the P1PK blood group system. Anti-PP1Pk was discovered in her serum. Sequencing analysis revealed that she has harbored a homozygous c.343A>T variant of the A4GALT gene. CONCLUSION The homozygous c.343A>T variant of the A4GALT gene probably underlay the p phenotype in this individual.
Female ; Animals ; Blood Group Antigens ; Homozygote ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

By collecting 475 protocol violation reports of pediatric clinical trials accepted by the ethics committee of a grade A tertiary hospital from January 2016 to December 2022, and conducting classification statistics of the responsible body, types of violation, and natures of violation, this paper analyzed and discussed the specific reasons and response measures for protocol violation. The results showed that the most common types of protocol violation included missed medication and incorrect medication dosage for pediatric research participants, missed laboratory inspection, over-windowed follow-up, and non-compliance with inclusion/exclusion criteria. And the responsibility bodies were pediatric research participants and/or their guardians, followed by the researchers. Besides, the sponsor, clinical trial coordinator, and other factors also contributed to protocol violation. Establishing awareness of responsible body, emphasizing subject management, building sound quality control system, and strengthening ethical supervision are the main countermeasures to prevent and reduce protocol violation in pediatric clinical trials, which helps to protect the safety and rights of pediatric research participants and promote standardized research in pediatric clinical trials.

With the improvement of the complexity of medical image synthesis and the demand for the accuracy of clinical radiotherapy, deep learning algorithm plays an increasingly important role in pseudo CT image synthesis and analysis. This paper classifies and analyzes the pseudo CT image synthesis technology based on deep learning method in terms of the types of image modes, and describes the ongoing application in radiotherapy.

To investigate the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) in treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). A total of 12 PHPT patients with parathyroid adenoma were treated with MWA in Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from May 2019 to February 2021. The patients were followed up once every 3 months for 3-12 months. Levels of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium and phosphorus were detected before and 20 min, 4h and 1day after ablation, and during follow-up period. The volume and volume reduction rate of parathyroid lesion were compared before the treatment and at the end of follow-up. The technical and clinical success of MWA were assessed as well. At the end of follow-up, median serum PTH [66.60 (42.21,80.03) ng/L vs.169.90 (89.01,396.50) ng/L] and calcium [2.39 (2.32,2.49) mmol/L vs. 2.75 (2.57,2.96) mmol/L] levels in 12 patients decreased significantly (all P<0.05). A complete response in terms of PTH and calcium levels was achieved in 6 of the 12 patients, while 4 of the patients had slightly elevated PTH levels just above the upper limit of normal reference range, and 2 of the patients remained abnormal PTH and calcium levels. The clinical cure rate was 50%. The volumes of all lesion after ablation were significantly decreased ( P<0.05), with the technical success rate reaching 92.3%. No serious complications were observed. Ultrasound-guided MWA, thus, is safe and effective in the treatment of PHPT.

Image-guided techniques are critical to improving the accuracy of radiotherapy for tumors. Ultrasound images have been gradually applied in the set-up verification of clinical radiotherapy and adaptive radiotherapy because of the real-time, reproducible and non-radiative characteristics. In this paper, the application of ultrasound image-guided technology in radiotherapy was classified and analyzed, and the latest research progress was introduced.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for anastomotic leakage (AL) after laparoscopic intersphincteric resection (Lap-ISR) for patients with low-lying rectal cancer.Methods This retrospective study was conducted in the Characteristic Medical Center of PLA Rocket Force from Jun 2011 to Nov 2018.151 patients undergoing Lap-ISR were enrolled for this study.Results All patients in this series had a defunctioning ileostomy.The overall leakage rate was 17.2％ (26/151),including peri-operative AL (n =20) and delayed AL (n =6).In accordance with the grading system of the International Study Group of Rectal Cancer,there were 24 patients (15.9％) with AL Grade B (requiring active therapeutic intervention) and two patients (1.3％) with AL Grade C (requiring re-laparotomy).Univariate analysis showed that BMI (≥ 25 kg/m2),tumor annularity (≥ 3/4) and operation time (≥ 240 min) were associated with AL (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that operation time (≥ 240 min,OR =7.390,95％ CI:2.483-21.988,P =0.000),tumor annularity (≥ 3/4,OR =6.233,95％ CI:1.932-20.107,P=0.002) and higher BMI (≥ 25 kg/m2,OR=3.523,95％ CI:1.275-9.738,P=0.015)were independently predictive of AL Conclusion Tumor annularity,operation time and higher BMI are independently associated with symptomatic AL after Lap-ISR.

Natural lignocellulosic materials contain cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Cellulose hydrolysis to glucose requires a series of lignocellulases. Recently, the research on the synergistic effect of lignocellulases has become a new research focus. Here, four lignocellulase genes encoding β-glucosidase, endo-1,4-β-glucanase, xylanase and laccase from termite and their endosymbionts were cloned into pETDuet-1 and pRSFDuet-1 and expressed in Escherichia coli. After SDS-PAGE analysis, the corresponding protein bands consistent with the theoretical values were observed and all the proteins showed enzyme activities. We used phosphoric acid swollen cellulose (PASC) as substrate to measure the synergistic effect of crude extracts of co-expressing enzymes and the mixture of single enzyme. The co-expressed enzymes increased the degradation efficiency of PASC by 44% compared with the single enzyme mixture; while the degradation rate increased by 34% and 20%, respectively when using filter paper and corn cob pretreated with phosphoric acid as substrates. The degradation efficiency of the co-expressed enzymes was higher than the total efficiency of the single enzyme mixture.
Animals ; Cellulase ; Cellulose ; Hydrolysis ; Isoptera ; Lignin ; Symbiosis ; beta-Glucosidase

Objective To study the relationship of microRNA (miR) in breast milk and neonatal breast milk associated jaundice.Method From Sep.to Dec.2016,neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia caused by breast milk were selected as the observation group,and breast-fed neonates without jaundice were selected as the control group.Their breast milk were collected,and the expression profile of miR in the breast milk was examined using miR sequencing.The variation of miR profile was screened using bioinformatics method,and miR related to neonatal breast milk associated jaundice was studied and the target genes were predicted.Result The breast milk contained many miRs associated with immunity regulation and metabolism,including miR-148-3p,miR-30a-5p,miR-146-5p,let-7f-5p,miR-181-5p,miR-22-3p,and miR-182-5p.The expressions of miR-30a-5p,miR-146a-5p and miR-141-3p in the observation group were significantly higher than the control group,and the differences were 2.600,2.038 and 1.899-fold,respectively.Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase1A1 gene was one of the target genes of miR-141-3p.Conclusion Breast milk miR may influence the growth and development,immunity regulation and metabolism of newborns.Some miRs,such as miR-141-3p,may be correlated with neonatal breast milk associated jaundice.

Objective To investigate current status and the influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection in Lhasa region.Methods From November 2015 to July 2016,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 000 individuals in Lhasa region and H.pylori infection was detected by 13C urea breath test.Chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed for statistical analysis.Results Among 1 000 individuals,576 (67.60％) cases were infected by H.pylori.The H.pylori infection rate in people less than 60 years old was 59.32％ (538/907),which was higher than that of people no less than 60 years old (40.86％,38/93),and the difference was statistically significant (x2=11.765,P＜0.01).The higher the education level,the lower the infection rate of H.pylori (x2=16.381,P =0.001).The difference in the infection rate of H.pylori in different occupations was statistically significant (x2 =28.699,P＜0.01).The infection rate of H.pylori was lowest in mental workers (45.77％,119/260) and was highest in heavy labor worker (79.35％,123/ 155),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =44.985,P＜0.01).The lower the family annual income,the higher the infection rate of H.pylori (x2 =84.472,P＜0.01).Raw meat intake (odd ratio (OR)=1.725,95％ confidence interval (CI) 1.192 to 2.249),dietary taste (OR=1.316,95％CI 1.056 to 1.564) and sharing dishware (OR=2.723,95％CI 1.973 to 3.431) were positively correlated with H.pylori infection (all P＜0.01),and family income was negatively correlated with H.pylori infection (OR=3.205,95％CI 2.358 to 4.056,P＜0.01).Conclusion The infection rate of H.pylori decreased in Lhasa region compared to that of 10 years ago,which may be due to the improved dietary habit as well as social-economic condition.