Radiomics is a rapidly developing field,which can transform the black and white gray-scale information of traditional CT,MR1,positron emission tomography(PET),and other images into quantitative radiomics features,obtain rich deep features of lesions,and provide more valuable information for clinical diag-nosis and treatment.Radiomics capture these time-varying lesion characteristics in continuous imaging,and then discover markers and patterns of disease evolution,progression and treatment response,which are used to solve clinical problems.Image data are mineable,and in large enough data sets,they can be used to complete advancements from the individual level to the molecular/digital level.Although the development of radiomics is still in its infancy,there have been many studies on its application in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.This article reviews the application of radiomics in the precise diagnosis,treatment efficacy and prognosis prediction,and differential diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,in order to provide a basis for clinical precise diagnosis and individualized treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background::Given that seizures may be triggered by vaccination, this study aimed to evaluate the risk and correlative factors of seizures in patients with epilepsy (PWE) after being vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods::This study retrospectively enrolled PWE who were vaccinated against COVID-19 in the epilepsy centers of 11 hospitals in China. We divided the PWE into two groups as follows: (1) patients who developed seizures within 14 days of vaccination were assigned to the SAV (with seizures after vaccination) group; (2) patients who were seizure-free within 14 days of vaccination were assigned to the SFAV (seizure-free after vaccination) group. To identify potential risk factors for seizure reccurence, the binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Besides, 67 PWE who had not been vaccinated were also included for elucidating the effects of vaccination on seizures recurrence, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine whether vaccination would affect the recurrence rate of PWE who had drug reduction or withdrawal.Results::The study included a total of 407 patients; of which, 48 (11.8%) developed seizures within 14 days after vaccination (SAV group), whereas 359 (88.2%) remained seizure-free (SFAV group). The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that duration of seizure freedom ( P < 0.001) and withdrawal from anti-seizure medications (ASMs) or reduction in their dosage during the peri-vaccination period were significantly associated with the recurrence of seizures (odds ratio= 7.384, 95% confidence interval = 1.732–31.488, P = 0.007). In addition, 32 of 33 patients (97.0%) who were seizure-free for more than three months before vaccination and had a normal electroencephalogram before vaccination did not have any seizures within 14 days of vaccination. A total of 92 (22.6%) patients experienced non-epileptic adverse reactions after vaccination. Binary logistic regression analysis results showed that vaccine did not significantly affect the recurrence rate of PWE who had the behavior of ASMs dose reduction or withdrawal ( P = 0.143). Conclusions::PWE need protection from the COVID-19 vaccine. PWE who are seizure-free for >3 months before vaccination should be vaccinated. Whether the remaining PWE should be vaccinated depends on the local prevalence of COVID-19. Finally, PWE should avoid discontinuing ASMs or reducing their dosage during the peri-vaccination period.

Onodera prognostic nutrition index (OPNI) is a simple and effective parameter. It is calculated by serum albumin level and peripheral blood lymphocyte count. Initially, OPNI is used to assess preoperative nutritional status and surgical risk. In recent years, researchers have found that OPNI is related to the prognosis of many tumors. Simple and accurate prognosis evaluation can help to select treatment methods for digestive system malignant tumors, determine the best pre-operative treatment time and operation time, and improve the survival rate of patients with diges-tive system malignant tumors. The authors review the related literatures at home and abroad, and summarize the research advances in the prognostic value of OPNI for malignant tumors of digestive systems.

Chest trauma is one of the most common injuries. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) as a common complication of chest trauma seriously affects the quality of patients′ life and even leads to death. Although there are some consensus and guidelines on the prevention and treatment of VTE at home and abroad, the current literatures lack specificity considering the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of VTE in patients with chest trauma have their own characteristics, especially for those with blunt trauma. Accordingly, China Chest Injury Research Society and editorial board of Chinese Journal of Traumatology organized relevant domestic experts to jointly formulate the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chest trauma venous thromboembolism associated with chest trauma (2022 version). This consensus provides expert recommendations of different levels as academic guidance in terms of the characteristics, clinical manifestations, risk assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chest trauma-related VTE, so as to offer a reference for clinical application.

Objective To analyze the feasibility of local target in early parotid carcinoma brachytherapy.Methods The retrospective study collected 14 early parotid gland carcinoma patients during November 2004 and February 2013 at Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology.All of them proceeded conservative surgery and 125I interstitial brachytherapy postoperatively.According to the different target designs,the patients were divided into two groups as local target group and whole target group.The disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate were analyzed.The target volume,the number of 125I seeds and dose of crisis organs such as mandibular ramus,pharynx constrictor,cervical spinal cord,external auditory canal,middle ear,mastoid in the affected side were compared between two groups.Results After 51-116 months of follow-up,disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate in both groups were 100％.The mean D90 of CTV in local target group was(90.3 ±20.4)Gy,and (104.3 ± 10.1)Gy in whole target group.There was no statistical difference between two groups(P ＞ 0.05),while there were statistical differences in target volume (t =5.003,P ＜ 0.05),which were (9.2 ± 2.4) and (35.1 ± 13.5)cm3 respectively.Mean dose of organs at risk between two groups including mandibular ramus,pharynx constrictor,external auditory canal,middle ear,mastoid and maximal dose of cervical spinal cord in the affected side also had significant differences(t =3.534,4.279,3.034,3.471,7.221,6.103,P ＜0.05).Local target group had less target volume and less dose in organs at risk.Conclusions The conservative surgery combined with local target brachytherapy is feasible for the early low grade parotid gland carcinomas,with acceptable survival rate and less risk in organs at risk.

Objective To evaluate effect of intervention on acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) high-risk sexual behavior of males who have sex with males(MSM)population in Jilin,and to provide a basis for establishing apropriate intervention strategy for this population.Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out on the MSM population of young students with the method of classification.Comprehensive intervention strategy included health education via new media,behavioral intervention,voluntary conseling and testing,peer education,condom promotion and standardized services for clinic of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs)and other comprehensive interventions.Before and after intervention,300 MSM were enrolled,and their demographic characteristics,knowledge of AIDS prevention and control,high risk behaviors and intervention measures were investigated and analyzed.Results Before and after the intervention,the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge was 67.67％ and 94.33％,respectively,the condom usage rate was 23.57％ and 11.79％ in the most recent and the last 6 months before the intervention,and it was 76.21％ and 62.10 ％ after the intervention,respectively.The proportion for those who used condom every time in heterosexual sex behavior was increased from 23.53％ (before intervention) to 69.60 ％ (after intervention),and the condom usage rate in the last 6 months was increased from 15.44％ to 66.40％.Proportion of the MSM who had STDs related symptoms was decreased from 21.33％ to 7.67％ after the intervention.Conclusion After the comprehensive intervention,the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge among MSM in Jilin is significantly increased,the incidence of highrisk sexual behavior is decreased and the condom usage rate is improved.Intervention by use of new media is low-cost,easy to operate,and can be used as a good supplementary strategy for traditional behavioral intervention.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and complications of flexible ureteroscopy for the treatment of upper urinary tract calculi in children.Methods The clinical data of upper urinary tract calculi in 20 children including 16 male and 4 female,treated by using flexible ureteroscopy,were collected from January 2014 to May 2015 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.The mean age was 6.4 years (ranging from 2.7-15.0 years old).Among them,6 cases had upper ureteral calculi and 14 cases had renal calculi.All the calculi was found unilaterally with on the left side in 12 cases and on the right side in 8 cases.Ipsilateral mild to moderate hydronephrosis were found in all of the cases.The mean stone size was 1.2 cm (ranging from 0.5-1.8 cm).All the cases were treated through retrograde flexible ureteroscopy holmium laser lithotripsy after the invalid conservative through conservative treatment.Double J tube was left routinely in the sick side 1 week before operation to expand the internal diameter of the ureter.A double J stent was left in place for 1 month after operation as a routine.Results The flexible ureteral access sheath failed to insert into the upper ureter in 2 cases because of the narrow ureter,then the flexible ureteroscopy was inserted into ureter through wire directly.The flexible ureteral access sheath was successfully inserted into the ureter for the others and flexible ureteroscopy were inserted through flexible sheath.The mean operative time was 38 min (ranging from 20-60 min).The patients were discharged from hospital after a mean of 4.5 days (ranging from 3-7 days).The rate of stone-free in one-stage was more than 90％.There were residual small stones in the lower calices of kidney in 2 cases.The perfusion liquid volume during the operation was 500 mL(ranging from 200-1 000 mL).There was no major perioperative complication,while transient macroscopic hematuria and fever were common complications after operation.The stone search was performed successfully in the whole 14 cases.NO residual stone could be found through ultrasound and kidney ureter bladder plain and Double-J stent was removed 1 month after operation.Conclusions Flexible ureteroscopy produces high stone-free rate and clinical safety for upper urinary calculi in children.However,the complications of flexible ureteroscopy lithotripsy cannot be ignored and sufficient preoperative preparation and careful perioperative safety control should be required.

This study aimed at evaluating the antioxidant effects of Guanfu base A(GFA)on acetylcholine(Ach)/CaCl2(CaCl2 10 mg/mL, Ach 66 μg/mL)-induced atrial fibrillation(AF)in rats. SD rats were rando-mized into normal group, model group, GFA treatment groups(6 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg), Amiodarone(Ami)treatment group(50 mg/kg)and Lovastatin(Lov)treatment group(10 mg/kg). The AF durations were measured by electrocardiogram(ECG). The effective refractory periods(AERP)were measured in the left atrial appendage. Oxidative stress-related gene and protein expression was evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was measured by enzymatic assay. Results indicated that, in comparison with that in the vehicle-treated AF rats, treatment with GFA(6 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg, po), significantly shortened the AF duration and prolonged the AERP in rats. In addition, treatment with GFA reduced the levels of plasma and myocardium malondialdehyde, increased the activity of plasma superoxide dismutase in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, treatment with GFA mitigated AF-up-regulated p22phox, p47phox, gp91phox, and p67phox NADPH oxidase expression, and AF-increased ratios of membrane to cytosolic Rac-1 in the atrium. It also significantly prevented AF-down-regulated atrial connexin40 expression in rats. Data suggested that GFA(6 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg)has potent anti-oxidant activity and inhibits oxidative-stress-related AF in rats.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different backpack load on the plantar pressure of people during walking. By using three-dimensional force platform system, we collected the ground reaction force data from 20 college students, who were carrying different loads on their backs, and then we transformed the data into a characteristic two-peak curve. Seven characteristic parameters on the curve were selected and analyzed by using statistical methods. The results indicated that the peak ground reaction forces increased as the loads increased. Furthermore, in consideration of different genders, the amount increased was different. For the male subjects, when backpack load reached 17% body weight, changes in ground reaction force began to take place until the backloads reached 20% body weight changes in ground reaction force induced a significant difference. Por the female subjects, changes in ground reaction force began to take place with loads up to 14% body weight and while it reached 15% body weight it induced a significant difference.
Back ; physiology ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; physiology ; Female ; Foot ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Pressure ; Stress, Mechanical ; Walking ; physiology ; Weight-Bearing ; physiology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the short-term surgical effect and complications of posterior dislocation of the hip with femoral head fractures.Methods Twenty-two patients with posterior dislocation of the hip with femoral head fractures treated surgically from December 1999 to December 2008 were reviewed retrospectively.All the patients were males aged from 23-52 years (mean 39.2 years).According to Pipkin classification,fractures were type Ⅰ in nine cases (41％),type Ⅱ in seven (32％),type Ⅲ in two (9％) and type Ⅳ in four (18％).Different surgical approaches and treatment methods were employed together with a periodic follow-up.Harris score and Thompson & Epstein score were used as measurement standard in postoperative clinical and radiological follow-up.Postoperative complications were analyzed as well.Results All the patients were followed up for mean 36 months.Clinical outcome as assessed by Harris criteria was excellent in 10 cases,good in seven,fair in two and poor in three,with excellent-good rate of 77％.Complications included femoral head avascular necrosis in four cases and traumatic arthritis in six.Heterotopic ossification of the hip did not occur.One case complicated with idiopathic injury of sciatic nerve was recovered at one year after operation.Conclusions Posterior dislocation of the hip with femoral head fractures should be operated as soon as possible.Operational modalities should depend on the type of fractures for the sake of reducing complications.