China prospective multicenter birth cohort (Prospective Omics Health Atlas birth cohort, POHA birth cohort) study was officially launched in 2022. This study, in collaboration with 12 participating units, aims to establish a high-quality, multidimensional cohort comprising 20 000 naturally conceived families and assisted reproductive families. The study involves long-term follow-up of parents and offspring, with corresponding biological samples collected at key time points. Through multi-omics testing and analysis, the study aims to conduct multi-omics big data research across the entire maternal and infant life cycle. The goal is to identify new biomarkers for maternal and infant diseases and provide scientific evidence for risk prediction related to maternal diseases and neonatal health.

Objective To explore the influence of attachment anxiety on subjective well-being of warship officers and soldiers,and reveal the mediating roles of self-esteem and negative emotions between them. Methods A total of 288 warship officers and soldiers were enrolled by convenience sampling method. Adult attachment scale,self-esteem scale,generalized anxiety disorder-7 items scale,patient health questionnaire-9 and Memorial University of Newfoundland scale of happiness were used for questionnaire survey. Pearson correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the relationships between attachment anxiety,self-esteem,negative emotions and subjective well-being. Results Correlation analysis showed that attachment anxiety,self-esteem,anxiety,depression and subjective well-being were significantly correlated (all P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that attachment anxiety,self-esteem,depression and anxiety could jointly predict 42.4％ of subjective well-being. The analysis of chain mediating effect (x2/df=0.170,P=0.844,good fit index[GFI]=0.999,adjusted GFI=0.996,normative fit index[FI]=0.999,relative FI=0.997,comparative FI=1.000,root mean square error of approximation=0.000) showed that self-esteem and negative emotions played complete chain mediating roles between attachment anxiety and subjective well-being. Conclusion Attachment anxiety of warship officers and soldiers can affect their subjective well-being not only through the mediation of self-esteem and negative emotions,but also through the complete chain mediation of self-esteem and negative emotions.

Objective To observe the value of enhanced CT radiomics combined with clinical indicators for predicting of extramural venous invasion(EMVI+)of colorectal cancer.Methods Data of 131 patients with colorectal cancer proved by surgery pathology were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into training set(n=92,including 44 cases with EMVI+ and 48 with EMVI-)and test set(n=39,including 23 cases with EMVI+ and 16 with EMVI-)at the ratio of 7∶3.The best radiomics features were extracted based on preoperative portal-venous phase CT to construct a radiomics model.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the clinical,CT and pathological data of the training set,and the independent predictors of colorectal cancer EMVI were screened to build a clinical model.Finally a combined model was established based on radiomics and clinical model.Receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the efficacy of each model for predicting EMVI+ in colorectal cancer.Calibration curve and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the calibration degree and clinical practicability of the models.Results Four best radiomics features were selected to construct the radiomics model.Carbohydrate antigen(CA)19-9 and CA 72-4 were both independent predictors of EMVI+ for colorectal cancer(OR=1.033,1.285,both P＜0.05).The AUC of combined model(AUC=0.908)for predicting EMVI+ of colorectal cancer in training set was higher than that of radiomics and clinical models(AUC=0.825,0.770,P=0.017,0.003).In test set,the AUC of radiomics,clinical and combined models was 0.751,0.632 and 0.799,respectively,not being statistical different between each pair(all P＞0.05).The radiomics model and combined model both had good calibration degree.Taken ＞0.1 in training set and ＞0.12 in test set as the thresholds,the clinical net benefit of combined model was higher.Conclusion Enhanced CT radiomics combined with clinical indicators could effectively predict EMVI+of colorectal cancer.

【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in rural children and adolescents. 【Methods】 An epidemiological LUTS survey was carried out on 4 100 children and adolescents (aged 6-16 years) in five primary and secondary schools in rural Henan by means of stratified random cluster sampling using anonymous questionnaires. Daytime urinary incontinence (DUI), nocturnal enuresis (NE), and postnatal diaper use and toilet training were investigated. 【Results】 A total of 3 885 valid questionnaires were recovered (with a recovery rate of 94.76%). The total prevalence of the four symptoms of LUTS, including urgency, frequency, DUI and NE, were 16.42%, 10.91%, 7.41% and 7.95%, respectively. As much as 21.13% subjects had at least one symptom. The prevalence of the four symptoms decreased gradually with age, decreased sharply in those aged 6 to 12 years, and then decreased slowly. The prevalence of LUTS in children who stopped using diapers and stared urine training after 1 year of age was significantly higher than that of those within 1 year of age (χ²=21.605, 23.111, 24.189, 23.509, all P<0.05; χ²=102.17, 72.168, 53.656, 197.76, all P<0.05). There were significant differences in the prevalence of LUTS between those with and without toilet training (χ²=315.273, 198.438, 105.723, 272.502, all P<0.05). The prevalence of LUTS in males was significantly higher than that in females (P<0.05). Constipation, prepuce and phimosis in boys were significantly associated with the prevalence of LUTS (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Rural children and adolescents have a high prevalence of LUTS. Diaper use after 1 year of age, history of urinary tract infection (UTI), lack of toilet training, constipation, and abnormal prepuce are risk factors of LUTS. Urine training before 1 year of age is a protective factor of LUTS.

Objective:To investigate the changes in the morphology, structure and function of the bladders and their effects on the upper urinary tract dilatation(UUTD) after lumbosacral nerve transecting in rats.Methods:A total of 45 female SD rats were included, randomly divided into 3 groups with 15 rats in each group. Two groups were performed bilateral lumbar 6(L6) and cauda equina nerve shearing to establish neurogenic bladder(NB) model, which were nerve transected for 4 weeks(NB-4W) group and nerve transected for 12 weeks(NB-12W) group. Another group was performed bilateral L6 nerves and cauda equine exposing but not transecting, which was sham-operation (Sham) group. Cystometry and renal ultrasound examination were performed and rats in each group were killed to collect the kidney and bladder tissues in NB-4W group at 4 weeks, in Sham group and NB-12W group at 12 weeks after operation. HE, Masson staining, immunohistochemical staining and western blot were used to detect histological changes, expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA).Results:All rats in NB-4W and NB-12W group showed acontractile detrusor. In the NB-4W and NB-12W group, the maximum cystometric capacity [(5.84±0.33) ml and (3.13±0.35) ml], the detrusor leak point pressure [(25.41±0.86) cm H 2O and (27.36±2.04) cm H 2O] (1 cm H 2O = 0.098 kPa), were significantly higher than those in the Sham group [(0.98±0.14) ml, (7.13±0.90) cm H 2O, both P<0.05]. Compliance in NB-4W group [(0.28±0.21) ml/cm H 2O] and NB-12W group [(0.17±0.12) ml/cm H 2O] were significantly lower than that of the Sham group [(0.34±0.26) ml/cm H 2O], and the compliance of NB-12W group was lower than that of NB-4W group significantly (all P<0.05). HE staining of the bladder showed that the inflammatory cell infiltration was obvious in the NB-4W and NB-12W group. Bladder collagen volume fractions in NB-4W group [(30.5±1.5) %] and NB-12W group [(45.2±3.8) %] were both higher than that of Sham group [(20.7±2.2) %, both P<0.05]. The expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in the bladder tissue of NB-4W group were higher than those of sham group, and that of NB-12W group were higher than NB-4W group. In NB-4W group and NB-12W group, 3 (20.0 %) and 7 (46.7 %) rats were found hydronephrosis, respectively. Additionally, HE staining showed that the degree of renal tubule injury and the number of inflammatory cell infiltration in the NB-4W and NB-12W group were higher than those in the Sham group. Masson staining showed that the volume fraction of collagen in kidneys of NB-4W and NB-12W group were (13.1±1.4) % and (21.6±1.9) %, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in sham operation group [(4.6±0.7) %, both P<0.05]. Conclusions:Bilateral L6 + cauda equina nerve transecting can induce NB with hydronephrosis in parts of rats. The degree of bladder fibrosis gradually increased with the time of nerve transection, and the incidence and severity of UUTD also increased with the time of nerve transection.

Objective: To compare and quantify the differences in size-specific dose estimates (SSDE) obtained by effective diameter and water-equivalent diameter from the central slice of the scan range in head CT examination. Methods: A total of 111 consecutive adult patients who underwent head CT examination were enrolled in this study. All of CTDI_vol values in the dose report were documented. The dataset was assigned into group A and group B, based on the individual size-dependent conversion factors (f) of effective diameter (d_eff) and water-equivalent diameter (d_w) at the central slice multiplied by normalized volume computed tomography dose index (CTDI_vol ) respectively. Body size, f and SSDE were calculated. With SSDE_gross served as the reference level, the performance of SSDE_deff and SSDE_dw was evaluated. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in body size (t=47.587, P<0.05) and f(z=-9.242, P<0.05) between group A and group B. Statistically significant difference also existed in SSDE (t=-46.687, P<0.05), (56.20±2.66) and (53.49±2.48) mGy for group A and group B respectively. Strongly positive correlation was shown in body size (r=0.873, R² =0.761) and SSDE (r=0.974, R² =0.949) between group A and group B(all P<0.05). Positive correlation was also found between SSDE_deff and SSDE_gross(r=0.900, R² =0.809), SSDE_dw and SSDE_gross (r=0.904, R² =0.817, all P<0.05). Mean absolute difference was 2.34 and 0.78 mGy, for SSDE_deff vs. SSDE_gross and SSDE_dw vs. SSDE_gross respectively; mean absolute relative difference was 4.38%, 1.40%; root mean square difference was 1.17 mGy (2.17%), 1.06 mGy (1.91%). Interquartile range and full range of SSDE_deff and SSDE_dw were 3.22 vs. 2.39 mGy, 13.65 vs. 12.48mGy, respectively. A less degree of variation was observed in SSDE_dw than that in SSDE_deff. Conclusions SSDE_dw values based on the water-equivalent diameter at the central slice of the scan range got better agreement with those derived from all slices, which could serve as a simpler and more valid indicator to represent the average value of size-specific dose estimates of the whole scan range in head CT examination.

Objective To explore the validity of the size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) derived from the water-equivalent diameter (Dw)value of the slice located in the middle of the scan range in the head CT examination. Methods A total of 197 patients underwent head CT nonenhanced scan were enrolled in this retrospective study. The Dw, size-dependent conversion factor (f), normalized volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and SSDE values of all slices were calculated. Two sets of SSDE, SSDEgroand SSDEcenbased on the Dwvalues slice by slice (Dw-gro) and the Dwvalues of the slices in the middle of the scan range (Dw-cen), were obtained across all patients. Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were performed for Dw-grovs Dw-cen, Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression analysis for SSDEgrovs SSDEcen, SSDE vs Dw, CTDIvolvs Dw. With the reference of SSDEgrovalue, mean absolute relative difference (MARD) of SSDEcen values were calculated to assess its accuracy and the correlated factors of MARD was analyzed with multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis. Results The minimal Dwvalue close to the roof of the skull corresponded to the maximal value of f and SSDE, which was the minimal value of CTDIvol. The significant positive correlation was showed between Dw-grovs Dw-cen, SSDEgrovs SSDEcen, SSDE vs Dw, CTDIvolvs Dw(r=0.947, 0.931, 0.416, 0.626;P＜0.05). The values of Dw,groand Dw-cenwere (16.94±0.69) and (18.50±0.62) cm respectively. The values of SSDEgroand SSDEcenwere [54.10 (52.29, 56.39)] mGy and [53.77 (51.85, 55.25)] mGy respectively. An approximation of SSDEcenvalues with an average of 1.62% of the gross MARD was found to match the reference value. Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis indicated that MARD had negative correlation with Dw(β=–1.319,P＜0.05), positive correlation with CTDIvol(β=0.202,P＜0.05), and f was not included in the multivariate regression equation. Conclusion SSDEcenbased on the Dwvalue of the slice located at the center of the scan range yields small MARD value and can represent a reliable SSDE estimation in the head CT examination.

Objective To investigate the relationship between autophagy and metastasis of nasopharyngeal cancer ( NPC) cell lines 5?8F and 6?10B after X?ray irradiation and the related mechanism. Methods Two substrains, 5?8F and 6?10B, of the NPC cell line SUNE1, with high and low metastatic potentials, respectively, were used in our study. After 4 Gy X?ray irradiation, 5?8F cells were treated with rapamycin ( 20 μmol/L) to induce autophagy and 6?10B cells were treated with LY294002( 10μmol/L) to inhibit autophagy. The autophagy and metastatic activity of NPC cells were determined using qRT?PCR, Western blot, Transwell assay, laser confocal microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Results 5?8F cells showed a lower level of autophagy than 6?10B cells after X?ray irradiation. Rapamycin increased the autophagy and inhibited the metastasis of 5?8F cells after irradiation, while LY294002 inhibited the autophagy and increased the metastasis of 6?10B cells. Conclusions NPC 5?8F cells, which have a high metastatic potential, have a lower level of autophagy than 6?10B cells, which have a low metastatic potential. Autophagic inhibition could increase the metastatic activity of NPC cells, while autophagic activation could reduce their metastatic activity. Mechanistic analysis indicates that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in this process.

Objective: To establish a new scoring system based on the clinicopathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to predict prognosis of patients who received hepatectomy. Methods: A total of 845 HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy from 1999 to 2010 at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were retrospectively analyzed. 21 common clinical factors were selected in this analysis. Among these factors, the cut-off values of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and intraoperative blood loss were evaluated by using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model were used to evaluate the independent risk factors associated with the prognosis of HCC patients after hepatectomy. HCC postoperatively prognostic scoring system was established according to the minimum weighted method of these independent risk factors, and divided the patients into 3 risk groups, including low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk group. The relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared among these groups. Results: The univariate analysis showed that clinical symptoms, preoperative α-fetoprotein (AFP) level, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level, tumor size, tumor number, abdominal lymph node metastasis, macrovascular invasion or tumor thrombus, extrahepatic invasion or serosa perforation, the severity of hepatic cirrhosis, intraoperative blood loss, the liver operative method, pathological tumor thrombus, intraoperative blood transfusion, perioperative blood transfusion were significantly associated with median RFS of these HCC patients (P<0.05). Alternatively, clinical symptoms, preoperative AFP level, serum ALP level, tumor size, tumor number, abdominal lymph node metastasis, macrovascular invasion or tumor thrombus, extrahepatic invasion or serosa perforation, the severity of hepatic cirrhosis, intraoperative blood loss, the liver operative method, pathological lymphocyte invasion, pathological tumor thrombus, intraoperative blood transfusion, perioperative blood transfusion were significantly associated with the median OS of these HCC patients (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that AFP ≥20 ng/ml, clinical symptoms, tumor diameter ≥5 cm, multiple tumors, macrovascular invasion or tumor thrombus, extrahepatic invasion or serosa perforation, moderate and severe liver cirrhosis, non- anatomic resection were the independent risk factors of RFS and OS (P<0.05). The independent risk factor of RFS was intraoperative bleeding loss ≥325 ml (P<0.05); The independent risk factors of OS were abdominal lymph node metastasis and pathological tumors thrombus (P<0.05). The respective weight of 11 independent factors was used to establish the scoring system (scores range from 0 to 26). In the score system, 0 to 5 points were defined as the low-risk group (286 cases), 6 to 12 points were determined as the intermediate-risk group (503 cases), more than 13 points were classified as the high-risk group (56 cases). The median RFS of the low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk group were 80, 27 and 6 months, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). The median OS of the three groups were 134, 51 and 15 months, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion This new score system provides effective prediction of postoperative prognosis for HCC patients.

Objective To measure and calculate the dose distribution (tissue absorbed dose) of mouth floor area while using 125I to treat sublingual gland carcinoma.Methods Phantom of head and neck was used to place the 125I radioactive seeds to simulate the sublingual gland carcinoma treatment.125I radioactive seeds of 29.6 and 25.9 MBq per seed were used as two groups,with 31 seeds in each group,and prescribed dose (peripheral matched dose) was 120 Gy.Thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) was used to measure the absorbed dose value in the simulated target and adjacent area.Gafchromic Eriochrome Black T (EBT) film was used to draw the dose distribution curve.Results Dose absorbed in the target area,target area center and the adjacent area one centimeter away from target reached 160 Gy,390-500 Gy,and 90-170 Gy,respectively.Dose of the skin ranged from 25 to 81 Gy,dose of mandible ranged from 7.9 to 67 Gy.No radiation cold spot was found.Conclusions 125I seeds could achieve an effective therapeutic dose distribution of the target area for sublingual gland carcinoma.Dose absorbed in the adjacent tissue is under safety limit.The radiation dose at mandible is lower,reducing the possibility of radiation damage to the bone.