OBJECTIVE To provide references for ensuring the safety of prescription preparation， dispensing， and use of parenteral nutrition solution， as well as for expanding the scope of pharmaceutical services provided by pharmacists in the Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services （PIVAS）. METHODS Under the guidance of PIVAS pharmacists， the rules for reviewing medical orders of parenteral nutrition in the PIVAS system and the information displayed on the infusion labels of finished parenteral nutrition solutions were refined. The process management of dispensing parenteral nutrition solution was strengthened， and detailed quality control and inspection rules were formulated. Additionally， Clinical Safety Monitoring Form for Finished Parenteral Nutrition Infusions was designed to conduct clinical monitoring and inspections for abnormalities in the finished infusions， infusion operations， and complications that may arise during the use of finished parenteral nutrition infusions. The implementation effects of the aforementioned optimization/inspection measures were evaluated by comparing data on the efficiency of medical order review for parenteral nutrition， the rate of irrational medical orders， the compliance rate of vascular access selection and infusion rate standardization， the rate of dispensing error， as well as the abnormalities occurring during clinical use， before and after the optimization/inspection initiatives were put into place. RESULTS The optimized prescription review system achieved automatic review of medical orders for parenteral nutrition， enhancing the efficiency of order review. The average time taken to review one parenteral nutrition medical order was reduced from approximately 1 minute to 10 seconds. The irrational rate of parenteral nutrition orders decreased by 31.87%. The dispensing error rate of parenteral nutrition decreased by 56.55%. The standard rate of vascular access selection and standard rate of infusion speed were increased by 13.29% and 3.54%， respectively. The PIVAS pharmacists identified and intervened in 5 abnormal cases out of 298 cases examined for use of parenteral nutrition solutions. CONCLUSIONS By optimizing the prescription review system， improving labeling information， and strengthening quality control inspections during both preparation and administration processes， PIVAS pharmacists have enhanced the safety of compounded parenteral nutrition solutions. This initiative has expanded the scope and depth of pharmaceutical care provided by dispensing pharmacists.

Objective To analyze the survival status of inpatients with cervical cancer registered in Nantong admitted in Nantong Cancer Hospital from 2002 to 2017. Methods Inpatients with cervical cancer in Nantong Cancer Hospital were followed up from 2017 until December 31, 2020 using active and passive methods to determine their survival outcome. The rate of follow-up loss was statistically analyzed by Chi-square test, the observed survival rate for each year was calculated using the life table, the survival curve was drawn with R language, and the survival rates of patients in different age groups and from different regions were compared with log-rank test (Mantel-Cox). Results A total of 5645 cervical cancer cases were registered. Among them, the survival outcome was recorded for 5512 cases. The success rate of follow-up was 97.64%, and the loss of follow-up rate was 2.36%. The average age of onset was 56.67±12.78 years. The median survival time was 6.54 years, and the 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year observed survival rates were 91.50%, 76.95%, 60.99%, and 28.51%, respectively. Among the age groups, significant differences in survival rate were observed between the 15- and 60-year-old groups (χ²=7.469, P=0.006) and between the 15- and 80-year-old groups (χ²=36.317, P < 0.001). No significant difference in survival rate was found between patients from Haimen and Qidong (χ²=2.779, P=0.095) and between patients from Qidong and Tongzhou (χ²=0.515, P=0.473). Significant difference in survival rate was observed among other regions (P < 0.05). Conclusion In this study group, the survival rates of hospital-based patients with cervical cancer significantly differ among the age groups and regions of origin and significantly decreased with age. The high follow-up rate fully reflects the comprehensive effect of the treatment in Nantong Cancer Hospital for registered patients with cervical cancer in Nantong.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies and is a major cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide (Forner et al., 2018; He et al., 2023). Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by an accelerated loss of skeletal muscle (SM) mass that may be age-related or the result of malnutrition in cancer patients (Cruz-Jentoft and Sayer, 2019). Preoperative sarcopenia in HCC patients treated with hepatectomy or liver transplantation is an independent risk factor for poor survival (Voron et al., 2015; van Vugt et al., 2016). Previous studies have used various criteria to define sarcopenia, including muscle area and density. However, the lack of standardized diagnostic methods for sarcopenia limits their clinical use. In 2018, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) renewed a consensus on the definition of sarcopenia: low muscle strength, loss of muscle quantity, and poor physical performance (Cruz-Jentoft et al., 2019). Radiological imaging-based measurement of muscle quantity or mass is most commonly used to evaluate the degree of sarcopenia. The gold standard is to measure the SM and/or psoas muscle (PM) area using abdominal computed tomography (CT) at the third lumbar vertebra (L3), as it is linearly correlated to whole-body SM mass (van Vugt et al., 2016). According to a "North American Expert Opinion Statement on Sarcopenia," SM index (SMI) is the preferred measure of sarcopenia (Carey et al., 2019). The variability between morphometric muscle indexes revealed that they have different clinical relevance and are generally not applicable to broader populations (Esser et al., 2019).
Humans ; Aged ; Sarcopenia/diagnostic imaging* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnostic imaging* ; Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging* ; Deep Learning ; Prognosis ; Radiomics ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND:In consideration of the food safety and ecological safety of transgenic plants,the retention of marker genes is the primary safety issue affecting transgenic plants. OBJECTIVE:Based on the principle of immune caries prevention,our research team successfully constructed the plant anti-caries vaccine fusion gene expression vector pCAMBIA-E8-APB-DOCK8 for these two caries causing virulence factors surface protein and glucosyltransferase,which provides a basis for the research and development of transgenic plant vaccine. METHODS:In this study,the selective marker genes Km and GUS in the plant caries vaccine fusion gene expression vector pCAMBIA-E8-APB-DOCK8 were removed by DNA recombination technology through a series of steps such as DNA fragment separation,connection,transformation,clone detection,and sequencing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The efficiency of marker gene removal was 99%.This study has laid a good experimental foundation for the safe production of transgenic plant vaccine against dental caries,and also provided ideas for the construction of other plant vaccine vectors.

BACKGROUND:Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common orthopedic disease,and hip preservation surgery with bone grafting is commonly used in the early stage,in which autologous bone and allograft bone are commonly used as bone grafting materials.However,autologous bone transplantation is highly traumatic and bone supply is limited,and allograft bone is rich in sources,but there are serious risks of immune rejection and absorption.In recent years,the tissue engineering technique based on mesenchymal stem cells is a new method for the treatment of femoral head necrosis,which is gradually widely used after basic experiments and clinical application. OBJECTIVE:To review the application and prospect of tissue engineering in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head to provide a new choice for the clinical treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. METHODS:The PubMed database and CNKI database from 2013 to 2023 were searched by the first author with Chinese and English search terms"tissue engineering,mesenchymal stem cells,biological scaffolds,cytokines,osteonecrosis of the femoral head,bone graft,hip preservation".The articles on the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head with tissue engineering technology were selected,and 55 representative articles were included for review after the initial screening of all articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)With the continuous development of biotechnology and materials science,great progress has been made in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head by bone tissue engineering,such as the application of gene-modified mesenchymal stem cells to repair osteonecrosis,the combination of gene recombination technology and surface modification technology with bone tissue engineering in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.(2)When applied to the necrotic femoral head,tissue engineering technology can promote the regeneration of necrotic bone tissue and the repair of the vascular system,provide biomechanical stability for the necrotic area,and use bioactive factors to accelerate the repair of seed cells to complete the regeneration of new bone in necrotic area.(3)However,most of these studies are still in the animal experiment stage,and there are still many unsolved problems and challenges in bone tissue engineering research.With the rapid development of nanotechnology,tissue engineering and clinical medicine,biomimetic replacement bone grafting materials with perfect performance are expected to come into being.(4)In the future,bone tissue engineering for osteonecrosis of the femoral head is expected to be a satisfactory treatment for patients with hip preservation.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.

BACKGROUND:Prosthesis restricted selection,soft tissue release,patellar trajectory recovery,and bone defect reconstruction were need to be optimized in total knee arthroplasty for moderate and severe valgus knee.The medial parapatellar approach has disadvantages in the treatment of valgus knee,such as aggravating the medial soft tissue relaxation.In recent years,it has been found that the lateral parapatellar approach has advantages in the treatment of valgus knee,such as exposure and release. OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy of the lateral and medial parapatellar approach in total knee arthroplasty for moderate and severe valgus knee,and to explore a more suitable surgical approach for moderate and severe valgus knee. METHODS:Totally 56 patients with moderate and severe valgus knee underwent total knee arthroplasty and would take turns performing surgery through the medial and lateral parapatellar approach according to the order of admission.The lateral group(n=28)underwent total knee arthroplasty through lateral parapatellar approach,and the medial group(n=28)through medial parapatellar approach.Posterior stablized knee prosthesis was used in all patients.The restricted types of prosthesis,thickness of polyethylene,operation time,amount of blood loss,femoro-tibia angle,patellar tilt angle,range of motion,Hospital for Special Surgery score,Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index(WOMAC)score,and complications were collected as observation indexes for statistical analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The utilization rate of condyle-restricted prosthesis in the lateral group was significantly lower than that in the medial group.The average thickness of polyethylene liner was lower,and the operation time was shorter in the lateral group compared with the medial group.There were significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the amount of surgical bleeding.(2)56 patients were followed up for an average of 2-5 years.There were no signs of prosthesis loosening or bone resorption in all patients.The average patellar tilt angle and femoral tibial angle of the lateral group were lower than those of the medial group,and the average Hospital for Special Surgery score and WOMAC score of the lateral group were higher than those of the medial group,with significant differences(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the range of motion of the knees between the two groups.(3)Incision fat liquefaction and calf intermuscular venous thrombosis occurred in one case in each group.No infection,poor incision healing,incisional hematoma,prosthesis dislocation,iatrogenic nerve injury,ectopic ossification,or periprosthesis fracture occurred during follow-up.(4)In conclusion,the treatment of moderate and severe valgus knee by lateral parapatellar approach can better protect the tension of the medial soft tissue of the knee,use less condylar restrictive prostheses,and have a more friendly patellar trajectory and higher postoperative function score.

BACKGROUND:The application of orthodontic force triggers autophagy in the periodontal tissue via diverse signaling pathways,augmenting or attenuating the activity of relevant cell types such as periodontal ligament cells,osteocytes,osteoclasts,and osteoblasts,thus facilitating the process of periodontal remodeling. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress in orthodontic force mediated autophagy in periodontal tissue and its impact on orthodontic tooth movement. METHODS:The PubMed,Web of Science,China Biology Medicine disc and CNKI were searched for literature published from 2010 to 2023 to summarize the progress in orthodontics-related autophagy.And 76 papers were finally included in the analysis and discussion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Orthodontic force can trigger a series of biochemical signal changes through periodontal mechanical receptors and aseptic inflammation they cause,leading to autophagy in periodontal tissue.Subsequently,autophagy generates corresponding feedback through cascaded amplified signaling pathways such as Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Hippo,and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways,promoting periodontal tissue remodeling and ultimately achieving tooth movement and stability.Orthodontic force-induced autophagy can differentially regulate bone resorption on the tooth pressure side and bone formation on the tension side.Related targets have good prospects in the clinical application of orthodontic treatment.Orthodontics and autophagy have complex mechanisms.However,existing research has only focused on exploring the role of autophagy in orthodontic tooth movement.Further exploration is needed to investigate the mutual regulatory effects between autophagy and orthodontic tooth movement,as well as the interactions between upstream mechanical receptors and signaling pathways involved in related pathways.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of levosimendan on cardiac function， hemodynamics and prognosis of patients with septic shock complicated with myocardial depression， and evaluate the safety of levosimendan. METHODS Patients with septic shock complicated with myocardial depression who were admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital from April 2021 to August 2023， underwent adequate fluid resuscitation， had a mean arterial pressure （MAP） ≥65 mmHg， and received pulse indicator continuous cardiac output （PiCCO） monitoring were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into dobutamine group and levosimendan group according to a random number table， with 20 patients in each group. Both groups received intravenous infusion of Norepinephrine bitartrate injection at a dose of 0.1-2.0 μg/（kg·min）. On this basis， the dobutamine group additionally received intravenous infusion of Dobutamine hydrochloride injection at a dose of 5- 10 μg/（kg·min） for 3 to 7 days， while the levosimendan group additionally received intravenous infusion of Levosimendan injection at a dose of 0.1-0.2 μg/（kg·min） for 24 hours. Heart rate （HR） and hemodynamic parameters [systolic blood pressure， diastolic blood pressure， MAP， central venous pressure （CVP）]， PiCCO monitoring parameters [cardiac function index （CFI）， cardiac index （CI）， stroke volume index （SVI）， extravascular lung water index， global end-diastolic volume index， pulmonary vascular permeability index （PVPI）， global ejection fraction （GEF）， systemic vascular resistance index， left ventricular contractility index]， and prognosis indicators [death within 3 days after administration， mechanical ventilation time，intensive care unit （ICU） stay time， 28-day mortality rate] were compared between the two groups before treatment and at 24 and 72 hours after treatment. Adverse reactions were E-mail：recorded for both groups. RESULTS Compared with before treatment in the same group， CFI， CI and GEF at 24 hours after treatment， CI and GEF at 72 hours after treatment in the dobutamine group， as well as SVI at 24 hours after treatment and SVI and GEF at 72 hours after treatment in the levosimendan group were significantly increased； PVPI at 72 hours after treatment in the dobutamine group was significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. Compared with the dobutamine group during the same period， patients in the levosimendan group had significantly lower HR and significantly higher CVP at 24 hours after treatment （P＜0.05）. Within 3 days after administration， there were no deaths in either group； there were no statistically significant differences in mechanical ventilation time， ICU stay time， 28-day mortality rate， or the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS For patients with septic shock complicated with myocardial depression who have undergone adequate fluid resuscitation and have a MAP of ≥65 mmHg， levosimendan is comparable to dobutamine in improving cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters， without affecting patients’ prognosis or increasing the risk of adverse reactions such as hypotension.

OBJECTIVE To establish fingerprints and multi-components determination of Jieze lotion, and use chemometrics methods for quality evaluation. METHODS The HPLC-DAD fingerprints was established and 10 components were recognized by comparison with references. Meanwhile, their contents were determined. The data were evaluated by the methods of chemometrics such as similarity evaluation, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. RESULTS The similarity of 11 batches of Jieze lotion were all >0.95. The linearity was good(r≥0. 999 1) and the average recoveries were between 89.70% and 106.0% with the RSD of 1.52%−3.41%. Instrument precision, stability and reproducibility of the method were all great. The contents of the common ten components(gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, neochlorogenic acid, caftaricacid, 5-O-feruloylquinicacid, chlorogenic acid, phellodendrine chloride, magnoflorine, 4-O-feruloylquinic acid, berberinehydrochloride) were 40.103−55.841, 2.347−6.179, 8.336−23.810, 7.084−21.956, 33.098−53.833, 24.597−49.610, 21.587−31.188, 5.915−13.162, 115.381−189.702, 31.378−112.686 μg·mL−1, respectively. The results of chemometrics showed that the 11 batches of samples could be divided into 4 categories, and the strong characteristic peaks used to distinguish each batch of samples were berberine hydrochloride, 4-O-feruloylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid and 5-O-feruloylquinic acid. CONCLUSION The method is accurate and reliable, and it can be used for the quality control and comprehensive evaluation of Jieze lotion.