Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the host's uncontrolled response to infection, and is one of the main causes of death in critically ill patients. Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is associated with the poor prognosis of sepsis patients, and its pathogenesis is complex and still unclear to this day.Mitochondrial dynamics is crucial for maintaining the normal morphology, quantity, number and function of mitochondria, which is a new research hotspot in recent years. Mitochondrial dynamics disorder is involved in the occurrence and development of SA-AKI by regulating renal tubular dysfunction, which is expected to become new therapeutic targets. Deeply exploring the role of mitochondrial dynamic disorders in the pathogenesis of SA-AKI will help to find more effective treatment methods, thereby improving the success rate of rescue in SA-AKI patients.