The ICR(Institute of Cancer Research)mouse infection model was constructed to study the pathogenicity of Sal-monella Telelkebir serotype,and the pathogenic identification of mouse isolates was carried out.Observe the bacterial excretion cycle,evaluate the pathogenicity of Salmonella serotype to mice,and calculate the LD50 by the changes in clinical characteris-tics,histopathology and tissue bacterial load of infected mice;by flight mass spectrometry,biochemical identification,serotype identification,molecular typing and other experiments,compared with human isolates;virulence gene analysis was carried out by PCR experiment and whole genome sequencing.The LD50 of Salmonella Telelkebir is 2.67 × 108 CFU/mL;curling and fluffing may occur 0.5 h after infection;autopsy of dead mice showed that the small intestine was severely congested,with more bubbles and fluid accumulation,cecal necrosis,liver apical degeneration and necrosis,necrotic foci on the surface of the kidney and spleen atrophy;the bacterial load of spleen,kidney,lung,liver and jejunum in mice reached its peak at 3 days after infection,while that of heart at 6 days;the bacterial excretion time of the high-dose group exceeded 100 days;The level of CD3 in tissues increased with increasing dose,with inflammatory cell infiltration,myocardial capillary dilation and hyperemia,large area of vacuoles,degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes,obvious enlargement of splenic sinus,blurred zoning,thickening of glomerular basement membrane,partial exfoliation of ciliated epithelium,atrophy and exfoliation of jejunal villi;PCR and whole genome sequencing revealed Salmonella-related virulence genes such as cdtB,plt A and pltB.This study was the first to successfully establish the ICR mouse model of Salmonella Telelkebir,demonstrating that this serotype of Salmonella has some pathogenicity.

AIM To explore the clinical effects of Shuilu Erxian Pills combined with Modified Didang Decoction on patients with early and middle stage diabetic nephropathy.METHODS Eighty-three patients were randomly assigned into control group(42 cases)for 12-week administration of Irbesartan Tablets,and observation group(41 cases)for 12-week administration of Shuilu Erxian Pills,Modified Didang Decoction and Irbesartan Tablets.The changes in clinical effects,TCM syndrome scores,blood glucose indices(FBG,HbA1c),blood lipid indices(TC,TG),renal function indices(BUN,Scr,24 h UTP,eGFR),inflammatory factors(IL-1β,hs-CRP,IL-6,TNF-α,IL-18,TGF-β1),immune function indices(lymphocyte,neutrophil,CD8+,CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+)and incidence of adverse reactions were detected.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated higher total effective rate than the control group(P＜0.05).After the treatment,the observation group displayed decreased TCM syndrome scores,blood glucose indices,blood lipid indices,BUN,Scr,24 h UTP,inflammatory factors,CD8+(P＜0.05),reduced lymphocyte,neutrophil(P＜0.05),and increased eGFR,CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+(P＜0.05),which were more obvious than those in the control group(except for HbA1c,TG,SCr,24 h UTP,lymphocyte,neutrophil)(P＜0.05).No significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions was found between the two groups(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION For the patients with early and middle stage diabetic nephropathy,Shuilu Erxian Pills combined with Modified Didang Decoction can safely and effectively improve clinical symptoms,whose mechanism may contribute to the reduction of inflammatory levels and improvement of immune functions.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of the proportion of hibernating myocardium (HM) in total perfusion defect (TPD) on reverse left ventricle remodeling (RR) after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) by ^99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) combined with ¹⁸F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) gated myocardial imaging positron emission computed tomography (PET). Methods: Inpatients diagnosed with HFrEF at the Cardiac Surgery Center, Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2016 to January 2022 were prospectively recruited. MPI combined with ¹⁸F-FDG gated PET was performed before surgery for viability assessment and the patients received follow-up MPI and ¹⁸F-FDG gated PET at different stages (3-12 months) after surgery. Δ indicated changes (post-pre). Left ventricular end-systolic volume (ESV) reduced at least 10% was defined as RR, patients were divided into reverse remodeling (RR+) group and the non-reverse group (RR-). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of RR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the cut-off value for predicting RR. Additionally, we retrospectively enrolled inpatients with HFrEF at the Cardiac Surgery Center, Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2021 to January 2022 as the validation group, who underwent MPI and ¹⁸F-FDG gated PET before surgery. Echocardiography was performed before CABG and after CABG (3-12 months). In the validation group, the reliability of obtaining the cut-off value for the ROC curve was verified. Results: A total of 28 patients with HFrEF (26 males; age (56.9±8.7) years) were included in the prospective cohort. HM/TPD was significantly higher in the RR+ group than in the RR- group ((51.8%±17.9%) vs. (35.7%±13.9%), P=0.016). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that HM/TPD was an independent predictor of RR (Odds ratio=1.073, 95% Confidence interval: 1.005-1.145, P=0.035). ROC curve analysis revealed that HM/TPD=38.3% yielded the highest sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (all 75%) for predicting RR and the AUC was 0.786 (P=0.011). Meanwhile, a total of 100 patients with HFrEF (90 males; age (59.7±9.6) years) were included in the validation group. In the validation group, HM/TPD=38.3% predicted RR in HFrEF patients after CABG with the highest sensitivity, specificity and accuracy (82%, 60% and 73% respectively). Compared with the HFrEF patients in the HM/TPD<38.3% group (n=36), RR and cardiac function improved more significantly in the HM/TPD≥38.3% group (n=64) (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Preoperative HM/TPD ratio is an independent factor for predicting RR in patients with HFrEF after CABG, and HM/TPD≥38.3% can accurately predict RR and the improvement of cardiac function after CABG.
Male ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Stroke Volume ; Heart Failure ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Retrospective Studies ; Reproducibility of Results ; Prospective Studies ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Perfusion ; Myocardium

Objective: To analyze the incidence of preterm birth based on pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) stratification and explore the associated factors of preterm birth among pregnant women at different BMI stratifications. Methods: From February 2018 to December 2020, pregnant women who participated in China Birth Cohort Study (CBCS) and gave birth at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital were enrolled as the study subjects. Electronic Data Capture System and standard structured questionnaires were used to collect data related to pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and delivery for pregnant women. Pregnant women were divided into the low-weight group, normal-weight group and overweight group based on their pre-pregnancy BMI. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the associated factors of preterm birth among pregnant women with different BMI before pregnancy. Results: A total of 27 195 singleton pregnant women were included, with a preterm birth rate of 5.08% (1 381/27 195). The preterm birth rates in the low-weight group, normal-weight group and overweight group were 4.29% (138/3 219), 4.63% (852/18 390) and 7.00% (391/5 586) respectively (P<0.001). After adjusting for relevant factors, the Cox proportional hazards model showed that the risk of preterm birth in the overweight group was 1.457 times higher than that in the normal-weight group (95%CI: 1.292-1.643). Preeclampsia-eclampsia (HR=2.701, 95%CI: 1.318-5.537) was the associated factor for preterm birth in the low-weight group. Advanced maternal age (HR=1.232, 95%CI: 1.054-1.441), history of preterm birth (HR=4.647, 95%CI: 3.314-6.515), vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy (HR=1.613, 95%CI: 1.380-1.884), and preeclampsia-eclampsia (HR=3.553, 95%CI: 2.866-4.404) were associated factors for preterm birth in the normal-weight group. Advanced maternal age (HR=1.473, 95%CI: 1.193-1.818), history of preterm birth (HR=3.209, 95%CI: 1.960-5.253), vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy (HR=1.636, 95%CI: 1.301-2.058), preeclampsia-eclampsia (HR=2.873, 95%CI:2.265-3.643), and pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (HR=1.867, 95%CI: 1.283-2.717) were associated factors for preterm birth in the overweight group. Conclusion: Pre-pregnancy overweight is an associated factor for preterm birth, and there are significant differences in the associated factors of preterm birth among pregnant women with different BMI before pregnancy.
Pregnancy ; Infant, Newborn ; Female ; Humans ; Body Mass Index ; Overweight/epidemiology* ; Premature Birth/epidemiology* ; Pre-Eclampsia/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Eclampsia ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Thinness/epidemiology*

Objective: To explore the association between coagulation function indicators and placental abruption (PA) in different trimesters of pregnancy among preeclampsia-eclampsia pregnant women. Methods: From February 2018 to December 2020, pregnant women who participated in the China birth cohort study and were diagnosed with preeclampsia, eclampsia and chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital were enrolled in this study. The baseline and follow-up information were collected by questionnaire survey, and the coagulation function indicators in the first and third trimesters were obtained through medical records. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the association between the coagulation function indicators and PA. A restrictive cubic spline curve was used to draw the dose-response curve between the relevant coagulation function indicators and PA. Results: A total of 1 340 participants were included in this study. The age was (32.50±4.24) and the incidence of PA was 4.4% (59/1 340). After adjusting for relevant factors, Cox proportional hazards model showed that compared with the high-level classification of fibrinogen (FIB), participants within the middle-(HR=3.28, 95%CI: 1.27-8.48) and low-level (HR=3.84, 95%CI: 1.40-10.53) classification during the first trimester and within the low-level classification (HR=4.18, 95%CI: 1.68-10.39) during the third trimester were more likely to experience PA. Compared with the middle-level classification of pro-thrombin time (PT), the risk of PA in the participants within the low-level classification (HR=2.67, 95%CI: 1.48-4.82) was significantly higher in the third trimester. The restrictive cubic spline analysis showed a linear negative association between FIB and PA in the first and third trimesters, while PT and PA showed an approximately L-shaped association . Conclusion: Among pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia-eclampsia, the middle-and low-level classification of FIB in the first and third trimesters and the low-level classification of PT in the third trimester could increase the risk of PA.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Pre-Eclampsia/diagnosis* ; Abruptio Placentae/epidemiology* ; Pregnant Women ; Eclampsia ; Cohort Studies ; Placenta

Abstract: Objective　To compare the mosquito trapping effect of BG-trap mosquito trap using carbon dioxide versus BG-lure attractant under filed conditions. Methods　In August and September 2020, two areas were set with a distance of 100 m. Two sites were set at each area, and one mosquito trap BG trap was set with a distance of 5 m. Each site was set with different flow of CO2 and different amount of BG-lure attractants. The BG-trap mosquito traps on the same area would exchange positions every other day. The mosquitoes captured by each mosquito trap was collected and classified. and the species, sex and number of mosquitoes captured were recorded and counted. Results　The densities of Aedes albopictus captured by BG+/CO2-and BG-/CO2+were 14 and 31, and that of Culex pipiens pallens were 2 and 16, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (Aedes albopictus, t=-2.675, P<0.05; Culex pipiens pallens, t=-4.873, P<0.05). With BG-lure attractant, the females of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens in the CO2+group were 2.6 (25/9.5) and 12.0 (12 /1) times higher than those in the CO2-group, and the differences were statistically significant (female Aedes albopictus, t=-4.119, P<0.01; female Culex pipiens pallens, t=-4.592, P<0.01), suggesting that the most important attractant to female mosquitoes is CO2. With BG-lure attractant, the male Aedes albopictus in the CO2+ group was 3.0 (12/4) times higher than that in the CO2-group, and the difference was statistically significant (male Aedes albopictus, t=-3.284, P<0.01). Without BG-lure attractant, female Aedes albopictus and female Culex pipiens pallens in the CO2 + group were 1.8 (18 / 10) and 15.5 (15.5/1.0) times higher than those in the CO2-group, and the difference was statistically significant (female Aedes albopictus, t=-2.868, P<0.05; female Culex pipiens pallens, t=-5.259, P<0.05). Without BG-lure attractant, the male Aedes albopictus in the CO2+group was 2.0 (9.0/4.5) times higher than that in the CO2-group, with a statistically significant difference (t=-2.508, P<0.05). With CO2, Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens in the BG + attractant group were 1.4 (43.5/31) and 0.78 (12.5/16.0) times higher than those in the BG-attractant group, and the differences were not statistically significant (Aedes albopictus, t=-0.943, P>0.05 ; Culex pipiens pallens, t=0.709, P>0.05). Without CO2, Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens in the BG + attractant group were 1.0 (14/14) and 2.0 (2.0/1.0) times higher than those in the BG + attractant group, and the differences were not statistically significant (Aedes albopictus, t=-0.500, P>0.05; Culex pipiens pallens, t=-1.000, P>0.05). Without BG-lure attractant, the densities of female Aedes albopictus captured by adding 0, 1 and 2 parts of dry ice were 10, 17.5 and 18 respectively, and the difference was statistically significant among the three groups (F=3.942, P<0.05). The densities of female Culex pipiens pallens captured were 1, 13 and 18 respectively, and the difference was statistically significant among the three groups (F=13.881, P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the capture of female Aedes albopictus and female Culex pipiens pallens by adding 1 part of dry ice and 2 parts of dry ice (female Aedes albopictus, t=0.112, P>0.05; female Culex pipiens pallens, t=-0.540, P>0.05). Without CO2, 10, 10, 9.5 and 1, 1 and 1.5 female Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens were captured by adding 0, 1 and 2 portions of BG-lure attractants, respectively. There were no significant differences between the three groups (female Aedes albopictus, F=0.120, P>0.05; female Culex pipiens pallens, F=0.477, P>0.05). Conclusions　In the monitoring of BG-trap mosquito trap, the mosquito trapping effect of CO2 is better than that of BG-lure attractant. When the same monitoring effect is obtained, the use of CO2 (100 mL/min) can save the use cost.

Objective:To analyze and compare the differences between the epidemiological data and clinical indicators of confirmed and suspected undiagnosed cases of COVID-19 in Changning District， Shanghai. Methods:A retrospective comparative study was conducted. We included 20 confirmed and 34 suspected but undiagnosed COVID-19 cases from January 20 to February 29， 2020. We analyzed the differences in epidemiological history， early clinical symptoms， blood routine indicators， and clinical imaging characteristics between the two groups. Results:The epidemic status of COVID-19 in Changning District of Shanghai was mainly imported， and most cases were promptly confirmed. Early clinical symptoms of confirmed and suspected undiagnosed cases often manifested as respiratory symptoms such as fever and dry cough. Compared with the confirmed cases， the cell counts of leukocytes， eosinophils， and neutrophils in suspected undiagnosed cases were significantly higher. Also， the concentration of serum C-reactive protein in suspected cases was higher than that in confirmed cases （P=0.230）. The clinical imaging manifestations of confirmed cases were mainly ground glass opacity （GGO） scattered in both lung leaves， while the suspected undiagnosed cases mainly manifested as plain patch opacity， and the distribution of GGO was more irregular. Conclusion:There exists significant difference in blood routine indicators and clinical imaging features between confirmed and suspected cases of COVID-19.