Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) have been widely used in regenerative medicine, but there is limited research on the stability of UC-MSCs formulation during production. This study aims to assess the stability of the cell stock solution and intermediate product throughout the production process, as well as the final product following reconstitution, in order to offer guidance for the manufacturing process and serve as a reference for formulation reconstitution methods. Three batches of cell formulation were produced and stored under low temperature (2-8 ℃) and room temperature (20-26 ℃) during cell stock solution and intermediate product stages. The storage time intervals for cell stock solution were 0, 2, 4, and 6 h, while for intermediate products, the intervals were 0, 1, 2, and 3 h. The evaluation items included visual inspection, viable cell concentration, cell viability, cell surface markers, lymphocyte proliferation inhibition rate, and sterility. Additionally, dilution and culture stability studies were performed after reconstitution of the cell product. The reconstitution diluents included 0.9% sodium chloride injection, 0.9% sodium chloride injection + 1% human serum albumin, and 0.9% sodium chloride injection + 2% human serum albumin, with dilution ratios of 10-fold and 40-fold. The storage time intervals after dilution were 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h. The reconstitution culture media included DMEM medium, DMEM + 2% platelet lysate, 0.9% sodium chloride injection, and 0.9% sodium chloride injection + 1% human serum albumin, and the culture duration was 24 h. The evaluation items were viable cell concentration and cell viability. The results showed that the cell stock solution remained stable for up to 6 h under both low temperature (2-8 ℃) and room temperature (20-26 ℃) conditions, while the intermediate product remained stable for up to 3 h under the same conditions. After formulation reconstitution, using sodium chloride injection diluted with 1% or 2% human serum albumin maintained a viability of over 80% within 4 h. It was observed that different dilution factors had an impact on cell viability. After formulation reconstitution, cultivation in medium with 2% platelet lysate resulted in a cell viability of over 80% after 24 h. In conclusion, the stability of cell stock solution within 6 h and intermediate product within 3 h meets the requirements. The addition of 1% or 2% human serum albumin in the reconstitution diluent can better protect the post-reconstitution cell viability.

Surgical operation is the main treatment of oral and maxillofacial tumors.Dysphagia is a common postoperative complication.Swal-lowing disorder can not only lead to mis-aspiration,malnutrition,aspiration pneumonia and other serious consequences,but also may cause psychological problems and social communication barriers,affecting the quality of life of the patients.At present,there is no systematic evalua-tion and rehabilitation management plan for the problem of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in China.Combining the characteristics of postoperative swallowing disorder in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors,summarizing the clinical experience of ex-perts in the field of tumor and rehabilitation,reviewing and summarizing relevant literature at home and abroad,and through joint discussion and modification,a group of national experts reached this consensus including the core contents of the screening of swallowing disorders,the phased assessment of prognosis and complications,and the implementation plan of comprehensive management such as nutrition management,respiratory management,swallowing function recovery,psychology and nursing during rehabilitation treatment,in order to improve the evalua-tion and rehabilitation of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in clinic.

Cryoablation therapy with explicit anti-tumor mechanisms and histopathological manifestations has a long history.A large number of clinical practice has shown that cryoablation therapy is safe and effective,making it an ideal tumor treatment method in theory.Previously,its efficacy and clinical application were constrained by the limitations of refrigerants and refrigeration equipment.With the development of the new generation of cryoablation equipment represented by argon helium knives,significant progress has been made in refrigeration efficien-cy,ablation range,and precise temperature measurement,greatly promoting the progression of tumor cryoablation technology.This consensus systematically summarizes the mechanism of cryoablation technology,indications for oral mucosal melanoma(OMM)cryotherapy,clinical treatment process,adverse reactions and management,cryotherapy combination therapy,etc.,aiming to provide reference for carrying out the standardized cryoablation therapy of OMM.

Objective This study aimed to explore the relationships between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors among rural adults in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xinjiang)and thus provide a theoretical basis and data support for improving the health of residents in this region. Methods We recruited 9,723 adult rural residents from the 51st Regiment of the Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in September 2016.The normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)was used to estimate residential greenness.The generalized linear mixed model(GLMM)was used to examine the association between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results Higher residential greenness was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factor prevalence.After adjustments were made for age,sex,education,and marital status,for each interquartile range(IQR)increase of NDVI500-m,the risk of hypertension was reduced by 10.3%(OR=0.897,95%CI=0.836-0.962),the risk of obesity by 20.5%(OR=0.795,95%CI=0.695-0.910),the risk of type 2 diabetes by 15.1%(OR=0.849,95%CI=0.740-0.974),and the risk of dyslipidemia by 10.5%(OR=0.895,95%CI=0.825-0.971).Risk factor aggregation was reduced by 20.4%(OR=0.796,95%CI=0.716-0.885)for the same.Stratified analysis showed that NDVI500-m was associated more strongly with hypertension,dyslipidemia,and risk factor aggregation among male participants.The association of NDVI500-m with type 2 diabetes was stronger among participants with a higher education level.PM10 and physical activity mediated 1.9%-9.2%of the associations between NDVI500-m and obesity,dyslipidemia,and risk factor aggregation. Conclusion Higher residential greenness has a protective effect against cardiometabolic risk factors among rural residents in Xinjiang.Increasing the area of green space around residences is an effective measure to reduce the burden of cardiometabolic-related diseases among rural residents in Xinjiang.

According to the codon characteristics of the prokaryotic system,we synthesized the optimized Rv2628c-Rv1737c nucleic acid sequence and constructed the expression plasmid pET24a-Rv2628c-Rv1737c.After sequencing,expression in E.coli was induced.The fusion protein was found in inclusion bodies.After renaturation and affinity chromatography purifi-cation,the Rv2628c-Rv1737c recombinant protein,with a molecular weight of 57 kDa and a purity exceeding 90％,was ob-tained.The recombinant protein was used to stimulate PBMC cells from different patients,and the differences in IFN-γ mRNA expression were analyzed with q-PCR.The Rv2628c-Rv1737c fusion protein stimulated patients with TB,particularly latent TB infection(LTBI).The level of IFN-γ mRNA in PBMC cells was higher than that in healthy controls(P＜0.05).Mice immu-nized with BCG+Rv2628c-Rv1737c/DMT showed significant induction of high levels of IgG antibodies.Rv2628c-Rv1737c re-combinant protein,as a latent infection antigen,is recognized by PBMCs cells infected with TB,with strong immunogenicity,and thus may serve as a potential TB subunit vaccine target antigen.This protein may be used to prevent TB infection,particu-larly latent infection,and to perform laboratory diagnosis.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.

Objective:To investigate the clinical benefit and application value of the Da Vinci robotic surgical system through bilateral axillary areolar approach in cervical lymph node dissection in obese thyroid carcinoma patients.Methods:The clinical data of 117 patients with thyroid cancer admitted to the thyroid and breast surgery Department of the 960th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistic Support Force from January 2018 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 55 males and 62 females, aged from 17 to 64 years, with an average age of (36.05±8.77) years. According to body mass index (BMI), patients were divided into normal group (18.5 kg/m 2≤BMI< 24 kg/m 2, n=60) and obese group (BMI≥28 kg/m 2, n=57). Gender, age, BMI, operation time, postoperative drainage fluid volume, tumor diameter, central lymph node dissection and number of metastasis, cervical lymph node dissection and number of metastasis, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative aesthetic satisfaction score and surgical complications of the two groups were analyzed. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data. Results:All of patients completed the operation successfully, and neither group was transferred to open surgery. The BMI of obese group was higher than that of normal group [(31.35±3.08) kg/m 2vs (22.53±0.82) kg/m 2, t=20.97, P<0.05]. The maximum tumor diameter in the obese group was greater than that in the normal group [(13.81±10.70) mm vs (10.42±5.53) mm, t=2.17, P<0.05]. There were no significant differences in operation time, number of central lymph node dissection and metastasis, number of cervical lymph node dissection and metastasis and postoperative complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Utilization of the Da Vinci robotic surgical system via the BABA approach demonstrates both safety and feasibility in obese patients with thyroid carcinoma undergoing lateral cervical lymph node dissection. Importantly, this technique does not increase the risk of surgical complications, thus providing a novel alternative for lateral cervical lymph node dissection in obese thyroid carcinoma patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of Xiao Chaihu Decoction and Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction on the changes of gastric mucosal pathological score and gastrointestinal hormones in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency type.Methods A total of 156 cases of CAG patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,78 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional western medicine,and the observation group was treated with Xiao Chaihu Decoction and Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment covered four weeks.The changes in the scores of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms such as epigastric distention and pain,poor appetite,loose stools,limb weakness,belching and acid regurgitation,gastric mucosal pathological scores and serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones of motilin(MTL)and gastrin(GAS)in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.The negative conversion rate of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)in the two groups was compared,and the clinical efficacy and safety of the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)After four weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 93.59％(73/78),which was significantly higher than 82.05％(64/78)of the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the scores of TCM symptoms such as epigastric distention and pain,poor appetite,loose stool,limb weakness,belching and acid regurgitation in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the pathological scores of gastric mucosa in the two groups were significantly decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group(P＜0.01).(4)After four weeks of treatment,the negative conversion rate of Hp in the observation group was 91.03％(71/78),which was significantly higher than that in the control group(75.64％,59/78),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(5)After treatment,the level of serum GAS in the two groups was significantly decreased(P＜0.05)and the serum MTL level was significantly increased compared with that before treatment(P＜0.05);the decrease of serum GAS level and the increase of serum MTL level in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.05).(6)There were no obvious abnormalities in the routine test of blood,urine,stool,kidney function,and liver function,electrocardiograph and other safety indicators during the treatment of the two groups of patients,no adverse reactions such as dizziness,rash and chest distress occurred either,with high safety.Conclusion Xiao Chaihu Decoction combined with Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction exerts a significant therapeutic effect on GAS of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency type,which can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms,improve the pathological changes of gastric mucosa and promote Hp negative conversion.The therapeutic mechanism may be related to the regulation of gastrointestinal hormone levels.

Objective To compare clinical efficacy and complication rate of percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discec-tomy(PETD),percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy(PEID)and unilateral biportal endoscopic(UBE)in treating single-segment lumbar disc herniation(LDH).Methods From October 2019 to August 2021,121 LDH patients with single-segment treated by spinal endoscopy were retrospectively analyzed and divided into three groups.In PETD group,there were 48 patients,including 19 males and 29 females,aged from 18 to 72 years old with an average of(44.0±13.9)years old;3 patients with L3,4 segments,27 patients with L4,5 segments,and 18 patients with L5S1 segments.In PEID group,there were 43 patients,including 23 males and 20 females,aged from 20 to 69 years old with an average of(40.1±12.1)years old;1 patient with L3.4 segments,15 patients with L4.5 segments,and 27 patients with L5S1 segments.In UBE group,there were 30 patients,including 12 males and 18 females,agedfrom29 to 72 years old with an average of(41.2±15.0)years old;1 patient with L3,4 segments,18 patients with L4,5 segments,and 11 patients with L5S1 segments.Operation time,blood loss,fluoroscopy times and complica-tions among three groups were observed and compared.Before opertaion,3 months after operation and at the latest follow-up,visual analogue scale(VAS)was used to evaluate low back pain and lower extremity pain,Oswestry disfunction index(ODI)was used to evaluate lumbar function,and modified MacNab was used to evaluate clinical efficacy at the latest follow-up.Re-sults All patients were performed endoscopic spinal surgery completely and were followed up for at least 12 months.One patient occurred dural sac rupture both in PETD and PEID group,and dural sac rupture was small,and there was no obvious discomfort after operation.Two patients were occurred intraoperative rupture of dural sac in UBE group.One patient was occurred cere-brospinal fluid leakage after operation,and was improved after rest in supine position and fluid rehydration.One patient without no significant postoperative discomfort.(1)There were no significant difference in operating time,blood loss and hospital stay between PETD and PEID group(P＞0.05),while UBE group was higher than those of PETD and PEID group(P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in fluoroscopy times between PEID and UBE group(P＞0.05),but PETD group was higher than that of PEID and UBE group(P＜0.05).(2)VAS of low back pain at 3 months after operation in UBE group was higher than that in PETD and PEID group(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between PETD and PEID group(P＞0.05).At the latest follow-up,there was no significant difference in VAS of low back pain among three groups(P＞0.05).(3)Lower ex-tremity pain of VAS and ODI among 3 groups after operation were significantly improved at all time points compared with those before opertaion(P＜0.05),and there were no statistical significance between groups(P＞0.05),and there were no statistical significance in interaction between different time points and operation groups(P＞0.05).(4)At the latest follow-up,according to the modified MacNab standard,the results of PETD group were excellent in 27 patients,good in 16 patients,moderate in 4 patients,poor in 1 patient;in PEID group,27 patients got excellent result,12 good,3 moderate,and 1 poor;in UBE group,16 patients got excellent,10 good,2 moderate,and 2 poor.There was no significant difference among three groups(x2=0.308,P＞0.05).Recurrence of lumbar disc herniation occurred in 1 patient among each three groups,symptoms were improved in 2 pa-tients after symptomatic treatment,and 1 patient was treated in other hospitals.Conclusion PETD,PEID and UBE techniques could achieve good early clinical effects in treating lumbar disc herniation with similar complication rates.Both of PETD and PEID are single-channel minimally invasive surgery,with mild intraoperative tissue damage and quick postoperative recovery;while intraoperative fluoroscopy of PETD was relatively more frequent,and PEID was more suitable for L5S1 segment;UBE is a two-channel surgery,in which the intraoperative soft tissue damage is more severe,but exposure is broad,which is more suit-able for complex cases.

Objective To prospectively compare the clinical efficacy and radiographic outcomes between interlaminar per-cutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression(IL-PELD)and transforaminar percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression(TF-PELD)in the treatment of single-segment lumbar lateral recess stenosis.Methods From April 2018 to July 2021,85 pa-tients with single-segment lumbar lateral recess stenosis underment percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression.There were 44 males and 41 females,aged from 49 to 81 years old with an average of(65.5±8.3)years old,duration of lumbar lateral re-cess stenosis ranging from 3 to 83 months with an average of(26.7±16.5)months.They were divided into IL-PELD group and TF-PELD group according to the different operation methods.There were 47 patients in the IL-PELD group,including 28 males and 19 females aged from 50 to 80 yeaes old with an average age was(66.7±9.3)years old.The disease duration ranged from 3 to 65 months with an average of(25.7±15.0)months.There were 38 patients in the TF-PELD group,including 16 males and 22 females,aged from 51 to 78 years old with an average of(64.1±7.6)years old.The disease duration ranged from 4 to 73 months with an average of(27.9±18.3)months The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative fluoroscopy,hospi-talization day and complications of the two groups were recorded.Visual analogue scale(VAS)to evaluate low back pain and lower limb pain,Oswestry disability index(ODI)to evaluate lumbar function in preoperative and postoperative period(1 month,6 months and last follow-up)were recorded.the sagittal diameter of the lateral recess of the responsible intervertebral space in preoperative and 1 week after the operation were recorded.Results The operation was successfully completed in both groups without serious complications such as vascular injury,dural sac tear and nerve injury.The operation time in IL-PED group(69.3±19.3)min was significantly longer than that in TF-PELD group(57.5±14.5)min(P＜0.05).There was no significant dif-ference in the intraoperative blood loss between the two groups(P＞0.05).The number of intraoperative fluoroscopy in TF-PELD group(8.8±2.6)times was significantly higher than that in IL-PED group(4.8±1.2)times(P＜0.05).The hospitalization days of the two groups were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).VAS for low back and lower extremity pain and ODI were(5.1±2.2),(6.9±1.3)scores and(71.4±12.6)％in IL-PELD group,and(4.7±1.8),(6.9±1.3)scores and(68.4±13.9)％in TF-PELD group.In the IL-PELD group,the VAS of low back pain was(2.4±1.5),(1.6±0.8),(1.4±0.9)scores,and the VAS of lower extremity pain was(3.0±1.2),(1.6±0.7),(1.5±1.0)scores,ODI was(32.6±11.9)％,(17.4±6.5)％,(19.3±9.3)％;In TF-PELD group,the VAS of low back pain was(2.6±1.4),(1.5±0.6),(1.4±1.0)scores,and the VAS of lower extremity pain was(2.8±1.2),(1.6±0.6),(1.5±1.2)scores,The ODI was(32.0±11.2)％,(15.0±6.1)％,and(20.0±11.3)％.The VAS and ODI of the two groups at each time point after operation were significantly improved compared with those before operation(P＜0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups(P＞0.05),and there was no statistically sig-nificant difference in the interaction between different time points and groups(P＞0.05).At 1 week after operation,the sagittal diameter of lateral recess in both groups was significantly increased compared with that before operation(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups at each time point(P＞0.05).According to the modified Macnab criteria,IL-PELD group was rated as excellent in 24 cases,good in 19 cases and fair in 4 cases.In TF-PELD group the results were ex-cellent in 19 cases,good in 15 cases,fair in 3 cases and poor in 1 case.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion IL-PELD and TF-PELD can expand the lateral recess in the treatment of single level lumbar lateral recess stenosis,and have achieved good clinical effects.