Objective To observe the cage subsidence after oblique lateral interbody fusion(OLIF)for lumbar spondylo-sis,summarize the characteristics of the cage subsidence,analyze causes,and propose preventive measures.Methods The data of 144 patients of lumbar spine lesions admitted to our hospital from October 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively ana-lyzed.There were 43 males and 101 females,and the age ranged from 20 to 81 years old,with an average of(60.90±10.06)years old.Disease types:17 patients of lumbar intervertebral disc degenerative disease,12 patients of giant lumbar disc hernia-tion,5 patients of discogenic low back pain,33 patients of lumbar spinal stenosis,26 patients of lumbar degenerative spondy-lolisthesis,28 patients of lumbar spondylolisthesis with spondylolisthesis,11 patients of adjacent vertebral disease after lumbar internal fixation,7 patients of primary spondylitis in the inflammatory outcome stage,and 5 patients of lumbar degenerative scoliosis.Preoperative dual-energy X-ray bone mineral density examination showed 57 patients of osteopenia or osteoporosis,and 87 patients of normal bone density.The number of fusion segments:124 patients of single-segment,11 patients of two-seg-ment,8 patients of three-segment,four-segment 1 patient.There were 40 patients treated by stand-alone OLIF,and 104 patients by OLIF combined with posterior pedicle screw.Observed the occurrence of fusion cage settlement after operation,conducted monofactor analysis on possible risk factors,and observed the influence of fusion cage settlement on clinical results.Results All operations were successfully completed,the median operation time was 99 min,and the median intraoperative blood loss was 106 ml.Intraoperative endplate injury occurred in 30 patients and vertebral fracture occurred in 5 patients.The mean follow-up was(14.57±7.14)months from 6 to 30 months.During the follow-up,except for the patients of primary lumbar interstitial in-flammation and some patients of lumbar spondylolisthesis with spondylolisthesis,the others all had different degrees of cage subsidence.Cage subsidence classification:119 patients were normal subsidence,and 25 patients were abnormal subsidence(23 patients were grade Ⅰ,and 2 patients were grade Ⅱ).There was no loosening or rupture of the pedicle screw system.The height of the intervertebral space recovered from the preoperative average(9.48±1.84)mm to the postoperative average(12.65±2.03)mm,and the average(10.51±1.81)mm at the last follow-up.There were statistical differences between postop-erative and preoperative,and between the last follow-up and postoperative.The interbody fusion rate was 94.4％.The low back pain VAS decreased from the preoperative average(6.55±2.2 9)to the last follow-up(1.40±0.82),and there was statistically significant different.The leg pain VAS decreased from the preoperative average(4.72±1.49)to the final follow-up(0.60± 0.03),and the difference was statistically significant(t=9.13,P＜0.000 1).The ODI index recovered from the preoperative av-erage(38.50±6.98)％to the latest follow-up(11.30±3.27)％,and there was statistically significant different.The complication rate was 31.3％(45/144),and the reoperation rate was 9.72％(14/144).Among them,8 patients were reoperated due to fusion cage subsidence or displacement,accounting for 57.14％(8/14)of reoperation.The fusion cage subsidence in this group had obvious characteristics.The monofactor analysis showed that the number of abnormal subsidence patients in the osteopenia or osteoporosis group,Stand-alone OLIF group,2 or more segments fusion group,and endplate injury group was higher than that in the normal bone mass group,OLIF combined with pedicle screw fixation group,single segment fusion group,and no endplate injury group,and the comparison had statistical differences.Conclusion Cage subsidence is a common phenomenon after 0-LIF surgery.Preoperative osteopenia or osteoporosis,Stand-alone OLIF,2 or more segments of fusion and intraoperative end-plate injury may be important factors for postoperative fusion cage subsidence.Although there is no significant correlation be-tween the degree of cage subsidence and clinical symptoms,there is a risk of cage migration,and prevention needs to be strengthened to reduce serious complications caused by fusion of cage subsidence,including reoperation.

Objective To describe the current state of research and future research hotspots through a metrological analysis of the literature in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification re-search.Methods The data retrieved and extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC),the core database of the Web of Science information service platform (hereinafter referred to as "WoS"),was used to analyze the trends and topic changes in research on forensic identification of human re-mains from 1991 to 2022.Network visualisation of publication trends,countries (regions),institutions,authors and topics related to the identification of remains in forensic anthropology was analysed using python 3.9.2 and Gephi 0.10.Results A total of 873 papers written in English in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification research were obtained.The journal with the largest number of publications was Forensic Science International (164 articles).The country (region) with the largest number of published papers was China (90 articles).Katholieke Univ Leuven (Netherlands,21 articles) was the institution with the largest number of publications.Topic analysis revealed that the focus of forensic anthropological remains identification research was sex estimation and age estimation,and the most commonly studied remains were teeth.Conclusion The volume of publications in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification research has a distinct phasing.However,the scope of both international and domestic collaborations remains limited.Traditionally,human remains identifica-tion has primarily relied on key areas such as the pelvis,skull,and teeth.Looking ahead,future re-search will likely focus on the more accurate and efficient identification of multiple skeletal remains through the use of machine learning and deep learning techniques.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of Shensong Yangxin capsule on patients with paroxysmal at-rial fibrillation(PAF)and its effect on serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and homocysteine(Hcy).Methods:A total of 106 PAF patients treated in Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital between January 2020 and December 2020 were selected,randomly divided into control group(n=53)and observation group(n=53).The patients in the control group were treated with amiodarone hydrochloride tablets combined with placebo,and the patients in the observation group were treated with amiodarone hydrochloride tab-lets combined with Shensong Yangxin capsule.After 3-month treatment,the clinical efficacy,serum CA125,BNP,Hcy levels,P wave dispersion and atrial fibrillation attack frequency were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group(94.34％vs.77.36％,P=0.012).Compared with control group after treatment,observation group showed a sig-nificant reduction in serum levels of CA125[(48.27±5.31)U/ml vs.(35.03±6.51)U/ml],BNP[(223.27±53.25)pg/ml vs.(156.03±33.86)pg/ml],Hcy[(14.34±3.72)μmol/L vs.(12.67±3.13)μmol/L],P wave dispersion[(46.03±3.52)ms vs.(35.27±3.31)ms]and atrial fibrillation attack frequency[(8.65±2.13)times/month vs.(4.25±1.02)times/month](P＜0.05 or＜0.01).Conclusion:Shensong Yangxin capsule can significantly improve the clinical efficacy,reduce serum levels of CA125,BNP and Hcy,and reduce atrial fibrilla-tion attack frequency in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,which is worthy of promotion and application.

Jumonji domain-containing protein D3(JMJD3)is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that specif-ically removes transcriptional repression marks di-and tri-methylated groups from lysine 27 on histone 3(H3K27me2/3).The erasure of these marks leads to the activation of some associated genes,thereby influencing various biological processes,such as development,differentiation,and immune response.However,comprehensive descriptions regarding the relationship between JMJD3 and inflammation are lacking.Here,we provide a comprehensive overview of JMJD3,including its structure,functions,and involvement in inflammatory pathways.In addition,we summarize the evidence supporting JMJD3's role in several inflammatory diseases,as well as the potential therapeutic applications of JMJD3 inhibitors.Additionally,we also discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with investigating the functions of JMJD3 and developing targeted inhibitors and propose feasible solutions to provide valuable insights into the functional exploration and discovery of potential drugs targeting JMJD3 for inflammatory diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect of locking plate internal fixation for the treatment of proximal lateral femoral wall fracture.Methods From January 2021 to June 2022,31 patients with intertrochanteric fractures and lateral wall fractures were treated.Among them,15 patients were treated with proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA)fixation including 3 males and 12 females with an average age of(75.87±7.46)years old;the other 16 patients were treated with 3.5 mm pre-curved screw locking plate fixtion for lateral wall fracture including 4 males and 12 females with an average age of(76.15±9.47)years old.After surgery,the surgical index,tip-apical distance(TAD),postoperative standing weight-bearing time,and fracture reduction were compared between two groups.Postoperative hip function was evaluated according to Harris hip score.Results All patients were followed up for an average of(12±5)months ranging from 7 to 17 months.The immediate postopera-tive neck angle ranged from 111° to 132°(119.3±8.3)°.Fracture reduction results were excellent in 11 cases,fair in 2,worse in 1 in PFNA group;excellent in 12,fair in 3,worse in 1 in PFNA+locking plate group.One case of the PFNA group had a spiral blade cut out through the femoral head.There were significant differences in the time of operation,the amount of blood loss during the operation,the length of incision between two groups(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in TAD and post-operative standing weight-bearing time between two groups(P＞0.05).There were significant differences in Harris scores at 6 months after surgery between two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of PFNA-assisted locking plate in the treat-ment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures with lateral wall fractures is effective,and can restore the integrity of lateral wall,im-prove the stability of PFNA internal fixation,and reduce postoperative complications.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacies of unilateral biportal endoscopy(UBE)technique and percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy(PELD)technique in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.Methods The clinical data of 149 patients with lumbar disc herniation in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the UBE group(n=80)and the PELD group(n=69)according to different surgical methods.The operation time,intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay,postoperative complications,visual analogue scale(VAS)score,Oswestry disability index(ODI)score,intervertebral disc height and vertebral canal area of the two groups were compared.Results The operation time in the UBE group was longer than that in the PELD group,and the intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency was fewer than that in the PELD group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the intraoperative blood loss or hospital stay between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the VAS or ODI scores at each time point between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the intervertebral disc height or vertebral canal area at each time point between the two groups(P>0.05).The postoperative vertebral canal areas of patients in the two groups were greater than those before surgery,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in the UBE group was lower than that in the PELD group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In terms of short-term efficacy,both PELD technique and UBE technique can effectively relieve the symptoms of low back and leg pain caused by lumbar disc herniation,and the UBE technique has longer operation time,but with fewer intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency,and lower incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective To investigate the effect of varying ureteral wall thickness(UWT)at the site of ureteral stones on the clinical efficacy of ureteroscopic lithotripsy(URL).Methods The clinical data of 164 patients with ureteral stones in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.According to different UWT,the patients were divided into the mild thickening group(84 cases,UWT<3.16 mm),the moderate thickening group(31 cases,UWT 3.16 to 3.49 mm),and the severe thickening group(49 cases,UWT>3.49 mm),and the differences of clinical related indicators among the three groups were compared.Results The incidence of postoperative renal colic and leukocyte disorder in the mild thickening group and the moderate thickening group were lower than those in the severe thickening group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The postoperative catheterization time in the mild thickening group and the moderate thickening group were shorter than that in the severe thickening group,and the incidences of secondary lithotripsy,residual stones and stone return to kidney in the mild thickening group and the moderate thickening group were lower than those in the severe thickening group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The length of hospital stay and hospitalization cost in the mild thickening group and the moderate thickening group were shorter/less than those in the severe thickening group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion With the increase of UWT(especially when UWT>3.49 mm),the incidence of postoperative complications and hospitalization cost of URL increase to varying degrees,and the surgical efficacy decreases.In clinical work,UWT measurement holds potential value in predicting the surgical efficacy and complications of URL.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of programmed death-1(PD-1)inhibitors combined with chemotherapy with that of bevaci-zumab combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatments for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer(nsNSCLC).Methods:Retrospective collection of 237 patients with advanced nsNSCLC who received first-line treatment at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from November 2014 to March 2024.According to the treatment plan,119 cases were assigned into PD-1 inhibitor com-bined with chemotherapy(IC group)and 118 cases were assigned into bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy(BC group).Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to balance covariates.The primary endpoint was progression-free survival(PFS),and the secondary end-points were objective response rate(ORR),disease control rate(DCR),and overall survival(OS).Results:Among 237 patients with PSM,87 were assigned to the IC group and 87 to the BC group,with respective ORRs of 31.0%(27/87)and 43.7%(38/87)(P=0.085)and respective DCRs of 96.6%(84/87)and 95.4%(83/87)(P=1.000).No significant difference in the median PFS was observed between the two groups,with a PFS value of 9.3 months in the IC group and 9.1 months in the BC group(P=0.053).In addition,the two groups also showed no significant difference in OS(neither group reached the median OS;P=0.116).Conclusions:There was no significant difference in the short-term efficacy between chemotherapy combined with PD-1 inhibitor and that combined with bevacizumab as first-line treatments for advanced nsNSCLC.

Bone organoids can simulate the complex structure and function of the bone tissues, which makes them a frontier technology in organoid researches. Bone organoids show a tremendous potential of applications in bone disease modeling, bone injury repair, and medicine screening. Although advancements have been made so far in constructing bone organoids with functional structures like mineralization, bone marrow, trabecular bone, callus, woven bone, etc, the researches in this field are confronted with numerous challenges such as lack of standardized construction strategies and unified evaluation criteria, which limits their further promotion and application. To standardize researches in bone organoids, the Orthopedic Expert Committee of Geriatric Branch of Chinese Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, the Youth Osteoporosis Group of Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Association, the Osteoporosis Group of Orthopedic Surgeon Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and the Osteoporosis Committee of Shanghai Association of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine organized related experts to formulate Expert consensus on the construction, evaluation, and application of bone organoids ( version 2024) based on an evidence-based approach. A total of 17 recommendations were put forth, aiming to standardize researches and clinical applications of bone organoids and enhance their value in scientific research and clinical practice.

Objective To reveal the physiological function of H1 linker histone gene (hil-1) and its molecular mechanism for regulating the lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).MethodsC. elegans was used as a model organism and hil-1 gene was knock-down, knock-out and over-expressed via RNA interference technology, hil-1(gk229) mutants backcross purification and microinjection technology. Then the survival and oviposition of C. elegans were observed. Physiological tests including heat shock test, paraquat stress test and heavy metal Cr⁶⁺ stress test were conducted to evaluate the stress resistance of hil-1 mutants. After constructing a dual mutant nematode, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to further identify the signaling pathways and target sites associated with hil-1 gene regulatory lifespan.ResultsCompared with wild-type N2 worms, the lifespan of C. elegans of RNA interference and hil-1(gk229) mutants were significantly shortened (P<0.001), while overexpression of hil-1 in the whole body increased lifespan (P<0.05). The tolerance of hil-1(gk229) mutants to heat stress and oxidative stress was significantly decreased (P<0.001, P<0.05), but the tolerance to heavy metals was not different compared to wild-type N2 worms (P>0.05). In addition, the developmental cycle of hil-1(gk229) mutants was shortened and the time of oviposition was advanced (P<0.001), but there was no significant change in total number of oviposition (P>0.05). After feeding hil-1 RNA interference bacteria to eat-2(ad465) mutants, the down-regulation of hil-1 expression did not affect the lifespan of eat-2(ad465) mutants (P>0.05). Compared with wild-type N2 worms, the expression level of daf-16 in hil-1(gk229) mutants was significantly down-regulated (P<0.001), and the expressions of downstream genes, mtl-1 and ctl-1, were also down-regulated (P<0.05, P<0.001). Compared with daf-2(e1370) mutants, the lifespan of daf-2 (e1370); hil-1(gk229) mutants did not shortened (P>0.05). Compared with daf-16(mu86) mutants, the lifespan of daf-16(mu86); hil-1(gk229) mutants was significantly shortened (P<0.001). The knockdown of hil-1 via RNA interference technology, specifically in epidermis and intestine, was sufficient for lifespan reduction (P<0.001).Conclusion The deletion of hil-1 gene significantly shortened the lifespan of C. elegans and decreased the tolerance to heat and oxidative stress. The hil-1 gene regulates the lifespan of C. elegans via dietary restriction pathway and acts mostly in epidermis and intestine.