Objective To comprehensively excavate and analyze the research status,research hotspots and future trends of the literature related to the field of acupoint catgut embedding therapy for pain treatment in the CNKI database.Methods We searched the CNKI database from its establishment to June 2022,and scientifically analyzed the authors,keywords,and institutions of the included literature of acupoint catgut embedding therapy for pain treatment through specific algorithms of Citespace to generate a visual knowledge map.Results A total of 319 documents were included for statistical analysis,the number of publications in the field of acupoint catgut embedding therapy for the treatment of pain was generally on the rise,the number of publications by various authors was on the low side,and there was a lack of co-operation between the research teams,with the main institutions being the Guang'anmen Hospital,Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical Universities of Nationalities and the Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,forming a 10-keyword clustering,and the hotspots of diseases under study were mainly mixed haemorrhoids,postoperative pain,low back and leg pain and dysmenorrhoea,etc..The main interventions were pure acupoint catgut embedding therapy and the combination of acupoint catgut embedding therapy and other acupuncture therapies,and the main research method was clinical research.Conclusion Acupoint catgut embedding therapy for the treatment of pain has a good development prospect,the future needs to deepen the clinical research,strengthen the mechanism research,pay attention to the joint use of acupoint catgut embedding therapy and other traditional Chinese medicine methods,and pay attention to the research of different thread materials.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the responsiveness of cochlear nerve to electrical stimulation in patients with cochlear nerve deficiency(CND), to compare their results with those measured in implanted children with normal-sized cochlear nerves, and to investigate the characteristics of the cochlear nerve injury of children with CND. Methods: Participants were children who underwent cochlear implantation at Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital from January 2012 to January 2020, including CND group and control group. The CND group included 51 subjects (male:20; female: 31) who were diagnosed with CND and had normal cochlea. For the CND group, four children had been bilaterally implanted, the mean implantation age was (2.7±1.5) years old. The control group included 21 subjects (male:10; femal:11) who had normal-sized cochlear nerve and normal cochlea. For the control group, all children had been unilaterally implanted except one, and the mean implantation age was (3.0±1.9)years old. Three subjects in the CND group used CI422 electrode arrays, and all the other subjects used CI24RECA/CI512 electrode arrays. The electrically evoked compound action potentials (ECAP) had been tried to record for each electrode using Custom Sound EP software (v. 4.3, Cochlear Ltd.) at least six months post first activation. Furthermore, ECAP amplitude growth functions (AGF) were measured at multiple electrode locations across the electrode array. Generalized linear mixed effect models with the subject group and electrode location as the fixed effects and subjects as the random effect were used to compare results of ECAP measurements. Results: In the control group, ECAP could been recorded at all electrodes (100%), but it could only be recorded in 71% (859/1 210) electrodes in the CND group. Additionally, the percentage of electrodes with measurable ECAP decreased from electrode 1 to electrode 22 in the CND group. Compared to the control group, the ECAP thresholds significantly increased, the ECAP amplitudes and AGF slopes significantly decreased, and the ECAP latency significantly increased in the CND group (P<0.01). GLMM showed that the stimulating site had a significant effect on the ECAP threshold, maximum amplitude, and AGF slope (P<0.01), but had no significant effect on the ECAP latency (P>0.05) in the CND group. However, the stimulating site had no significant effects on the ECAP measurements in the control group. Furthermore, the functional status of cochlear nerve varied greatly among CND group. From electrode 1 to electrode 22, the ECAP thresholds gradually increased, the ECAP maximum amplitudes and AGF slopes gradually decreased in the CND group. Conclusion: Compared with patients with normal-sized cochlear nerve, not only the number of residual spinal ganglion neurons reduce,but also the function of spinal ganglion neurons damages in CND patients. The degree of cochlea nerve deterioration varies greatly among CND patients. Generally, the deterioration of cochlear nerve tends to increase from the basal to the apical site of the cochlea.
Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Cochlea ; Cochlear Implantation/methods* ; Cochlear Implants ; Cochlear Nerve ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology*

Objective: To evaluate the long-term outcomes, failure patterns and prognostic factors of definitive radiotherapy in patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma (CEC). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 148 CEC patients who treated with definitive radiotherapy in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2001 to December 2017. The median radiation dose was 66 Gy (59.4-70 Gy) and 33.1% of patients received concurrent chemotherapy. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates. The log rank test was used for survival comparison and univariate prognostic analysis. The Cox model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis. Results: The median follow-up time was 102.6 months. The median survival time, 2- and 5-year overall survival (OS) were 22.7 months, 49.9% and 28.3%. The median, 2- and 5-year progression-free survival were 12.6 months, 35.8% and 25.8%. The 2- and 5-year locoregional recurrence-free survival were 59.1% and 50.8%. The 2- and 5-year distant metastases-free survival were 74.6% and 65.9%. Multivariate analysis showed that EQD(2)>66 Gy was the only independent prognostic indicator for OS (P=0.040). The median survival time and 5-year OS rate significantly improved in patients who received EQD(2)>66 Gy than those who received≤66 Gy (31.2 months vs. 19.2 months, 40.1% vs. 19.1%, P=0.027). A total of 87 patients (58.8%) developed tumor progression. There were 50 (33.8%), 23 (15.5%) and 39 (26.4%) patients developed local, regional recurrence and distant metastases, respectively. Eleven patients (7.4%) underwent salvage surgery, and the laryngeal preservation rate for entire group was 93.9%. Conclusions: Definitive radiotherapy is an effective treatment for cervical esophageal carcinoma with the advantage of larynx preservation. Local recurrence is the major failure pattern. EQD(2)>66 Gy is associated with the improved overall survival.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Carcinoma/drug therapy* ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome ; Chemoradiotherapy/methods* ; Radiotherapy Dosage

Objective: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and sexual development in Chinese children. Methods: A nationwide multicenter and population-based large cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of China from January 2017 to December 2018. Data on sex, age, height, weight were collected, BMI was calculated and sexual characteristics were analyzed. The subjects were divided into four groups based on age, including ages 3-<6 years, 6-<10 years, 10-<15 years and 15-<18 years. Multiple Logistic regression models were used for evaluating the associations of BMI with sexual development in children. Dichotomous Logistic regression was used to compare the differences in the distribution of early and non-early puberty among normal weight, overweight and obese groups. Curves were drawn to analyze the relationship between the percentage of early puberty and BMI distribution in girls and boys at different Tanner stages. Results: A total of 208 179 healthy children (96 471 girls and 111 708 boys) were enrolled in this study. The OR values of B2, B3 and B4+ in overweight girls were 1.72 (95%CI: 1.56-1.89), 3.19 (95%CI: 2.86-3.57), 7.14 (95%CI: 6.33-8.05) and in obese girls were 2.05 (95%CI: 1.88-2.24), 4.98 (95%CI: 4.49-5.53), 11.21 (95%CI: 9.98-12.59), respectively; while the OR values of G2, G3, G4+ in overweight boys were 1.27 (95%CI: 1.17-1.38), 1.52 (95%CI: 1.36-1.70), 1.88 (95%CI: 1.66-2.14) and in obese boys were 1.27 (95%CI: 1.17-1.37), 1.59 (95%CI: 1.43-1.78), and 1.93 (95%CI: 1.70-2.18) (compared with normal weight Tanner 1 group,all P<0.01). Analysis in different age groups found that OR values of obese girls at B2 stage and boys at G2 stage were 2.02 (95%CI: 1.06-3.86) and 2.32 (95%CI:1.05-5.12) in preschool children aged 3-<6 years, respectively (both P<0.05). And in the age group of 6-10 years, overweight girls had a 5.45-fold risk and obese girls had a 12.54-fold risk of B3 stage compared to girls with normal BMI. Compared with normal weight children, the risk of early puberty was 2.67 times higher in overweight girls, 3.63 times higher in obese girls, and 1.22 times higher in overweight boys, 1.35 times higher in obese boys (all P<0.01). Among the children at each Tanner stages, the percentage of early puberty increased with the increase of BMI, from 5.7% (80/1 397), 16.1% (48/299), 13.8% (27/195) to 25.7% (198/769), 65.1% (209/321), 65.4% (157/240) in girls aged 8-<9, 10-<11 and 11-<12 years, and 6.6% (34/513), 18.7% (51/273), 21.6% (57/264) to 13.3% (96/722), 46.4% (140/302), 47.5% (105/221) in boys aged 9-<10, 12-<13 and 13-<14 years, respectively. Conclusions: BMI is positively correlated with sexual development in both Chinese boys and girls, and the correlation is stronger in girls. Obesity is a risk factor for precocious puberty in preschool children aged 3-<6 years, and 6-<10 years of age is a high risk period for early development in obese girls.
Adolescent ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity/epidemiology* ; Overweight/epidemiology* ; Puberty ; Puberty, Precocious ; Sexual Development

Objective: To analyze the temporal bone CT and inner ear magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of cochlear implant patients with no cochlear nerve display in the inner auditory canal under MRI. To retrospectively analyze the long-term hearing and speech rehabilitation effects of such patients after cochlear implant. And to analyze the correlation between the results of imaging examinations and the postoperative effects of cochlear implant patients with this type of cochlear nerve deficiency. Methods: A total of 88 children with cochlear nerve deficiency, who underwent cochlear implantation in Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital from May 2014 to October 2018, were enrolled. Patients with cochlear malformations were excluded,only the patients with cochlear nerve deficiency whose cochlear structure was normal and no cochlear nerve displayed in inner auditory canal under MRI were enrolled. There were 64 patients, including 4 bilaterally implanted, 68 ears in total, with an average age of (2.8±1.7) years (range 1-6 years) at the time of implantation. The implanted product was Cochlear, including 24RECA and 512 models. All patients underwent inner ear magnetic resonance imaging and temporal bone CT scan before operation. Auditory speech function assessments were performed at 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months after surgery, including categories of auditory performance (CAP), speech intelligibility rating (SIR) and hearing aid threshold test. The imaging evaluation content included the width of the cochlear nerve canal of temporal bone CT, the width of the internal auditory canal, the width of the auditory nerve at the cerebellopontine angle of the inner ear MRI, and the ratio of the facial nerve to the width of the auditory nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. The correlations between the results of postoperative hearing aid hearing threshold, CAP, SIR and imaging results were analyzed. Results: Among the 64 cases of cochlear nerve not shown under MRI, 56 ears with CT data showed that the width of the cochlear nerve canal in temporal bone CT was (0.72±0.30) mm (mean±standard deviation, the same below), and the width of the internal auditory canal was (4.07±1.10) mm; 66 ears with MRI data showed that the diameter of the auditory nerve at the cerebellopontine angle of the inner ear MRI was (1.58±0.27) mm, the diameter of the facial nerve was (1.57±0.27) mm, and the ratio of the diameter of the facial nerve to the auditory nerve was (1.02±0.23). The average hearing thresholds at 12, 24, and 36 months after surgery were (46.8±2.5) dB HL, (40.7±0.8) dB HL, and (36.8±1.5) dB HL, respectively. The preoperative and postoperative CAP scores at 12, 24 and 36 months were (1.0±1.0), (3.8±1.4), (4.5±1.4) and (5.1±0.7) points, respectively. The preoperative and postoperative SIR scores at 12, 24, and 36 months were (1.1±0.3), (1.9±0.9), (2.5±0.9), and (2.9±0.6) points, respectively. The hearing threshold at 24 months after surgery was negatively correlated with the width of the internal auditory canal of temporal bone CT (r=-0.349, P=0.037), and the hearing threshold at 36 months after surgery was positively correlated with the ratio of the diameter of the facial nerve to the auditory nerve at the cerebellopontine angle of the inner ear MRI (r=0.740, P=0.001). Conclusions: Children with cochlear implants whose cochlear nerves are not shown on MRI can benefit from cochlear implantation, and their speech and auditory functions can improve significantly after surgery. The width of the internal auditory canal in the temporal bone CT and the ratio of the diameter of the facial nerve to the auditory nerve at the cerebellopontine angle of the inner ear MRI may be related to the long-term hearing threshold after surgery.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Cochlear Nerve/diagnostic imaging* ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/surgery* ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Speech Intelligibility

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features and outcome of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in southwest Hubei, China. METHODS: According to the Montreux definition of neonatal ARDS, a retrospective clinical epidemiological investigation was performed on the medical data of neonates with ARDS who were admitted to Department of Neonatology/Pediatrics in 17 level 2 or level 3 hospitals in southwest Hubei from January to December, 2017. RESULTS: A total of 7 150 neonates were admitted to the 17 hospitals in southwest Hubei during 2017 and 66 (0.92%) were diagnosed with ARDS. Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 23 (35%) had mild ARDS, 28 (42%) had moderate ARDS, and 15 (23%) had severe ARDS. The main primary diseases for neonatal ARDS were perinatal asphyxia in 23 neonates (35%), pneumonia in 18 neonates (27%), sepsis in 12 neonates (18%), and meconium aspiration syndrome in 10 neonates (15%). Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 10 neonates (15%) were born to the mothers with an age of ≥35 years, 30 neonates (45%) suffered from intrauterine distress, 32 neonates (49%) had a 1-minute Apgar score of 0 to 7 points, 24 neonates (36%) had abnormal fetal heart monitoring results, and 21 neonates (32%) experienced meconium staining of amniotic fluid. Intraventricular hemorrhage was the most common comorbidity (12 neonates), followed by neonatal shock (9 neonates) and patent ductus arteriosus (8 neonates). All 66 neonates with ARDS were treated with mechanical ventilation in addition to the treatment for primary diseases. Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 10 died, with a mortality rate of 15% (10/66), and 56 neonates were improved or cured, with a survival rate of 85% (56/66). CONCLUSIONS Neonatal ARDS in southwest Hubei is mostly mild or moderate. Perinatal asphyxia and infection may be the main causes of neonatal ARDS in this area. Intraventricular hemorrhage is the most common comorbidity. Neonates with ARDS tend to have a high survival rate after multimodality treatment.
China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To study the expression of phosphates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in extranodal NK/T cell lymphomas (ENKTCL) and the relationships of pSTAT3 and PD-L1 expression with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of ENKTCL.Methods:Fifty-one cases of ENKTCL diagnosed at Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital from June 2015 to February 2019 were included in the study. The expression of pSTAT3 and PD-L1 was examined using immunohistochemistry.Results:There were 35 males and 16 females, ranging from 18 to 85 years old with a median age of 47 years. The positive rates of pSTAT3 and PD-L1 expression were 68.6% (35/51) and 76.5% (39/51), respectively. pSTAT3 expression was correlated with PD-L1 expression ( P=0.033, R=0.322), while there were no associations of pSTAT3 and PD-L1 expression with the clinicopathological characteristics of ENKTCL, including age, sex, clinical site, B symptom, Ann Arbor stage, LDH value, EBV DNA load of peripheral blood and international proliferation index score. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the prognoses of the pSTAT3 and PD-L1 positive groups were slightly better than the respective negative groups, but the differences were not significantly ( P>0.05). Conclusions:pSTAT3 is highly expressed in extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma and related to the expression of PD-L1, which provides a potential target and rationale for combinations of targeted therapies and immune checkpoint blockade inhibitors in the treatment of ENKTCL.

Objective:To investigate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine enema retention time on patients with chronic renal failure under the intervention of guan yuan point in patients with TDP lamp irradiation.Methods:By convenience sampling, 65 patients with chronic renal failure who were admitted to the Chinese medicine department of a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital in Hubei Province from 1st January 2019 to 1st November 2019 and needed Chinese medicine retention enema treatment were selected as the research subjects. 65 patients with chronic renal failure were randomly divided into observation group (32 cases) and control group (33 cases) by random table. The control group received routine enema operation, and the experimental group received TDP light irradiation at the guan yuan point on this basis. After two consecutive courses of treatment, the effective rate of enema, blood urea nitrogen and the decreased level of creatinine, and nursing satisfaction rate in the two groups were compared.Results:The total effective rate of Chinese medicine enema in the observation group was 81.82% (27/33) , and the total effective rate in the control group was 6.25% (2/32) , the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After the intervention, the blood creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences between the two groups were no statistically significant ( P>0.05) . The total satisfaction rate of patients in the observation group was 93.94% (31/33) , which was higher than 71.88% (23/32) in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:After TDP light irradiation on guan yuan point, the retention time of traditional Chinese medicine enema patients was prolonged, which promoted the absorption of traditional Chinese medicine, improved the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine enema, and delayed the course of disease.

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) among Chinese children aged 12-17 years. METHODS: A semi-quantitative 72-food item FFQ was developed for children aged 12-17 years. The reliability and validity of this FFQ were evaluated against 24-h dietary recalls (24 h DRs) to measure the consumption of foods and nutrients. We administered two FFQs and three DRs to children (N = 160) over a period of 1 month to evaluate the reliability and validity. Reliability was examined by quartile agreement and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and validity was examined by quartile agreement, Bland-Altman plots and correlation with DRs. RESULTS: For reliability, the ICCs between the two FFQs ranged from 0.21 to 0.76 for foods and nutrients, and the quartile agreement ranged from 70.0% to 95.0% in the same or adjacent quartiles. Spearman's correlation coefficients of foods and nutrients between the second FFQ and the 24 h DRs ranged from -0.04 to 0.59. The Bland-Altman plots demonstrated good agreement across the range of intakes among nutrients. The quartile agreement ranged from 50.0% to 100.0%, with infrequent misclassification. CONCLUSION The FFQ assessment of dietary intakes demonstrated acceptable relative validity and high reproducibility for Chinese children aged 12-17 years.
Adolescent ; Child ; Diet Records ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Exosomes and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important elements contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of cancer development and progression. The discovery of lncRNAs in exosomes further indicates their bona fide biological functional roles in cancer development and drug resistance. In this review, we describe the biogenesis of exosomes and summarize the function of exosomal lncRNAs in the field of cancer research. These findings strikingly advance current knowledge of exosomal lncRNAs and suggest that they may be promising diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer.
Exosomes ; physiology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; physiology