Aim To explore the effects of Lycium berry seed oil on Nrf2/ARE pathway and oxidative damage in testis of subacute aging rats. Methods Fifty out of 60 male SD rats, aged 8 weeks, were subcutaneously injected with 125 mg • kg"D-galactosidase in the neck for 8 weeks to establish a subacute senescent rat model. The presence of senescent cells was observed using P-galactosidase ((3-gal), while testicular morphology was examined using HE staining. Serum levels of testosterone (testosterone, T), follicle-stimulating hormone ( follicle stimulating hormone, FSH ) , luteinizing hormone ( luteinizing hormone, LH ) , superoxide dis-mutase ( superoxide dismutase, SOD ) , glutathione ( glutathione, GSH) and malondialdehyde ( malondial-dehyde, MDA) were measured through ELISA, and the expressions of factors related to aging, oxidative damage, and the Nrf2/ARE pathway were assessed via immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting. Results After successfully identifying the model, the morphology of the testis was improved and the intervention of Lycium seed oil led to a down-regulation in the expression of [3-gal and -yH2AX. The serum levels of SOD, GSH, T, and FSH increased while MDA and LH decreased (P 0. 05) . Additionally, there was an up-regulated expression of Nrf2, GCLC, NQOl, and SOD2 proteins in testicular tissue ( P 0. 05 ) and nuclear expression of Nrf2 in sertoli cells. Conclusion Lycium barbarum seed oil may reduce oxidative damage in testes of subacute senescent rats by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.

Humans ; Vascular Stiffness ; Coal Mining ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; Coal ; Miners

This study aims to investigate the effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B), the active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza, on H9C2 cardiomyocytes injured by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) through regulating mitochondrial fission and fusion. The process of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was simulated by establishing OGD/R model. The cell proliferation and cytotoxicity detection kit (cell counting kit-8, CCK-8) was used to detect cell viability; the kit method was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), total glutathione (t-GSH), nitric oxide (NO) content, protein expression levels of mitochondrial fission and fusion, apoptosis-related detection by Western blot. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) detection kit and Hoechst 33342 fluorescence was used to observe the opening level of MPTP, and molecular docking technology was used to determine the molecular target of Sal B. The results showed that relative to control group, OGD/R injury reduced cell viability, increased the content of ROS, decreased the content of t-GSH and NO. Furthermore, OGD/R injury increased the protein expression levels of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitofusions 2 (Mfn2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (caspase 3), and decreased the protein expression levels of Mfn1, increased MPTP opening level. Compared with the OGD/R group, it was observed that Sal B had a protective effect at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 100 μmol·L^-1. Sal B decreased the content of ROS, increased the content of t-GSH and NO, and Western blot showed that Sal B decreased the protein expression levels of Drp1, Mfn2, Bax and caspase 3, increased the protein expression level of Mfn1, and decreased the opening level of MPTP. In summary, Sal B may inhibit the opening of MPTP, reduce cell apoptosis and reduce OGD/R damage in H9C2 cells by regulating the balance of oxidation and anti-oxidation, mitochondrial fission and fusion, thereby providing a scientific basis for the use of Sal B in the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.

Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease(CPID)is a common chronic inflammatory disease in women,and has a long course and is easy to relapse.Danggui Shaoyao Powder is from Jin Gui Yao Lve(Synopsis of the Golden Chamber),which was a commonly-used formula for the treatment of women's abdominal pain in ancient medical records.It is now often used in the treatment of CPID and has achieved satisfactory therapeutic effect.The article summarizes and analyzes the achievements in the clinical research and experimental study of Danggui Shaoyao Powder in the treatment of CPID over the past 10 years,and invesigates the clinical efficacy of Danggui Shaoyao Powder in the treatment of CPID and its therapeutic mechanism.In the field of clinical studies,Danggui Shaoyao Powder for the treatment of CPID was used by modification,or alone,or in combination with antibiotics and Chinese medicine external treatment,and its combined use was effective on significantly improving the indicators of inflammatory response and immune function,alleviating the clinical signs and symptoms such as pain,and did not increase the incidence of adverse reactions compared with the application of western medicines alone.In the field of experimental studies,Danggui Shaoyao Powder played the therapeutic role in CPID by decreasing the adhesion of endothelial cells,regulating the degradation of extracellular matrix,improving the level of inflammatory factors,and down-regulating the expression of proteins related to the nuclear factor κB(NF-κB)pathway.

Based on the principle of molecular hybridization, fifteen compounds were designed and synthesized through the combination of aminothiazoloxime and phosphonate fragment. The results showed that these compounds had better inhibitory effects on the tested bacteria. In particular, the activities of compounds Ⅲf and Ⅲi against S. aureus, E. coli, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli (FREC) were the most significant, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Ⅲf was 1, 8, 4, 16 μg·mL^-1 respectively, and the MIC of Ⅲi was 4, 4, 16, 8 μg·mL^-1 respectively, which were slightly lower than that of the control drug oxacillin, and their anti-E. coli, MRSA and FREC activities were superior to that of the control drug oxacillin. Their activities to S. aureus were close to that of oxacillin, and to E. coli, MRSA and FREC were superior to that of oxacillin, which is worthy of further study.

Objective This study aimed to comprehensively analyze and compare the clinicopathological features and prognosis of Chinese patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-low early breast cancer(BC)and HER2-IHC0 BC. Methods Patients diagnosed with HER2-negative BC(N=999)at our institution between January 2011 and December 2015 formed our study population.Clinicopathological characteristics,association between estrogen receptor(ER)expression and HER2-low,and evolution of HER2 immunohistochemical(IHC)score were assessed.Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the long-term survival outcomes(5-year follow-up)between the HER2-IHC0 and HER2-low groups. Results HER2-low BC group tended to demonstrate high expression of ER and more progesterone receptor(PgR)positivity than HER2-IHC0 BC group(P<0.001).The rate of HER2-low status increased with increasing ER expression levels(Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test,P<0.001,Pearson's R=0.159,P<0.001).Survival analysis revealed a significantly longer overall survival(OS)in HER2-low BC group than in HER2-IHC0 group(P=0.007)in the whole cohort and the hormone receptor(HR)-negative group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of disease-free survival(DFS).The discordance rate of HER2 IHC scores between primary and metastatic sites was 36.84%. Conclusion HER2-low BC may not be regarded as a unique BC group in this population-based study due to similar clinicopathological features and prognostic roles.

Objective To design a novel oxygenator to solve the existing problems of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)machine in high transmembrane pressure difference,low efficiency of blood oxygen exchange and susceptibility to thrombosis.Methods The main body of the oxygenator vascular access flow field was gifted with a flat cylindrical shape.The topology of the vascular access was modeled in three dimensions,and the whole flow field was cut into a blood inlet section,an inlet buffer,a heat exchange zone,a blood oxygen exchange zone,an outlet buffer and a blood outlet section.The oxygenator was compared with Quadrox oxygenator by means of ANSYS FLUENT-based simulation and prototype experiments.Results Simulation calculations showed the oxygenator designed was comparable to the clinically used ones in general,and gained advantages in transmembrane pressure difference,blood oxygen exchange and flow uniformity.Experimental results indicated that the oxygenator behaved better than Quadrox oxygenator in transmembrane pressure difference and blood oxygen exchange.Conclusion The oxygenator has advantages in transmem-brane pressure difference,temperature change,blood oxygen ex-change and low probability of thrombosis.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(3):23-28]

Objective To provide a longitudinal evaluation tool based on the frequency of aggressive be-havior for the aggression assessment of schizophrenia patients.Methods The Life History of Aggression was translated and revised to form the Life History of Aggression-Chinese Version(LHA-CV)based on 369 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia in the Chengdu community and compulsory medical insti-tution.The reliability of LHA-CV was analyzed by means of split-half reliability,test-retest reliability and inter-evaluator consistency.The validity was analyzed by item analysis,construct validity and crite-rion validity.Results Item analysis found that LHA-CV had good homogeneity and discriminant validity.Exploratory factor analysis found that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)test value was 0.80,and the Bartlett's sphericity test χ2=1203.46(P<0.05),and it revealed four factors including non-physical ag-gression,physical aggression,self-directed aggression and antisocial behavior/consequences.The factor loadings for all 11 items were greater than 0.40.Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the factor model,Chi-square degree of freedom(χ2/df)was 3.61,root mean square error of approxima-tion(RMSEA)was 0.07,goodness-of-fit index(GFI)was 0.92,comparative fit index(CFI)was 0.90,incremental fit index(IFI)was 0.90,and the discriminant validity of each factor was good.The criterion validity test showed the total score of LHA-CV was positively correlated with the aggressive behavior level of MacArthur Community Violence Instrument,the total score of Buss-Perry Aggression Scale,and the score of Antisocial Personality Disorder Subscale of Personality Diagnostic Question-naire-4th Edition Plus(PDQ-4+_ASPD,P<0.05).The Cronbach's α coefficient of non-physical aggres-sion,physical aggression,self-directed aggression,antisocial behavior/consequences and LHA-CV total score were 0.82,0.73,0.74,0.56 and 0.79,respectively.The test-retest reliability,Spearman-Brown split-half reliability and intra-class correlation coefficient of LHA-CV total score were 0.82(P<0.05),0.66 and 0.99,respectively.Conclusion LHA-CV has good reliability and validity,and can be used as an evaluation tool for longitudinally assessing aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients.

The current situation of childrearing in the elderly and low birth rate showed that the prevention and treatment of infertility risk caused by the decline of male reproductive function are increasingly becoming prominent.The decline of male reproductive function is closely related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,oxygen free radicals,blood-testis barrier,and the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the kidney stores essence and is in charge of reproduction,and the decline of reproductive function is closely related to the imbalance of yin and yang of the kidney.Therefore,kidney-supplementing method is helpful for treating the decline of reproductive function caused by kidney deficiency.Kidney-supplementing prescriptions were effective on systematically regulating the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,thus to significantly delay the decline of reproductive function,were effective on removing excessive oxygen free radicals in the body and protecting cells from oxidative damage,and were effective on improving spermatogenesis by restoring the blood-testis barrier and regulating the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells.The representative kidney-supplementing prescriptions for improving the decline of reproductive function caused by kidney deficiency include Wuzi Yanzong Pills,Shenqi Pills,Yougui Pills,Liuwei Dihuang Pills,Zuogui Pills and Guilu Erxian Soft Extract.The above formulas presented no single therapeutic mechanism but multiple-way,multiple-level and multiple-target mechanism,and the formulas can comprehensively regulate the internal environment of the body,so as to achieve the purpose of improving male reproductive function.The kidney-supplementing therapy of traditional Chinese medicine plays an irreplaceable role in the treatment of male reproductive function decline.The in-depth study of its therapeutic mechanism will provide guide for clinical practice and will supply theoretical basis for improving male reproductive function decline.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of compound Wufengcao liquid combined with negative pressure wound therapy with instillation(NPWTi)for the treatment of stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ pressure injury(PI),and to preliminarily explore its action mechanism.Methods(1)Clinical research:from January 2019 to October 2022,60 PI patients who were admitted to the Scrofula Department and Wound Care Clinic at Nanjing Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were randomly divided into normal saline NPWTi group and compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group,with 30 cases in each group.Both groups underwent NPWTi under the premise of systemic basic treatment,before treatment,after removing the negative pressure device in the 1st,2nd and 3rd weeks of treatment,the pressure ulcer scale for healing(PUSH)score,the wound bacterial culture detection rate and the wound healing time were counted,and the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)content of wound tissue was detected by ELISA method.(2)Animal experiments:24 SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,normal saline NPWTi group and compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group,6 rats in each group.PI rat model was established by local tissue ischemia/reperfusion injury method,and the negative pressure device was removed at the end of each day of treatment.Before treatment and 3,7 and 10 days after treatment,the wound morphology of each group of rats was observed,the wound histopathology was observed by HE staining,the CD34 positive cells rate of wound tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expressions of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK),nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65),inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),arginase-1(Arg-1)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)in rat blood and wound tissue were detected by ELISA and RT-qPCR.Results(1)Clinical research:Both groups could effectively reduce the PUSH score and the wound bacterial culture detection rate,shorten the wound healing time,and promote the expression of VEGF in wound tissue,the compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group was better than the normal saline NPWTi group(P<0.05).(2)Animal experiments:Compared with blank group,the rats in the model group showed obvious wound inflammatory response and tissue damage,and the CD34 positive cells rate,blood and wound tissue p38 MAPK,NF-κB p65,iNOS and TNF-α levels were significantly increased,Arg-1 and TGF-β level was significantly reduced(P<0.05);Compared with model group,after 7 days of treatment,the normal saline NPWTi group and the compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group significantly decreased the wound morphology score,the histopathological morphology was significantly improved,the CD34 positive cells rate was significantly increased(P<0.05),the levels of blood and wound tissue p38 MAPK,NF-κB p65,iNOS,and TNF-α were significantly reduced,and the levels of Arg-1 and TGF-β were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group was better than that of the normal saline NPWTi group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compound Wufengcao liquid combined with NPWTi can effectively promote the healing of PI wounds,and its mechanism of action may be by inhibiting the activation and expression of p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway,thereby regulating the polarization balance of M1/M2 macrophages.