Based on network pharmacology and in vivo experiment, this study explored the therapeutic effect of Tetrastigma hemsle-yanum(SYQ) on sepsis and the underlying mechanism. The common targets of SYQ and sepsis were screened out by network pharmacology, and the "SYQ-component-target-sepsis" network was constructed. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was established by STRING. Gene Ontology(GO) term enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment were performed based on DAVID to predict the anti-sepsis mechanism of SYQ. The prediction results of network pharmacology were verified by animal experiment. The network pharmacology results showed that the key anti-sepsis targets of SYQ were tumor necrosis factor(TNF), interleukin(IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10, and cysteinyl asparate specific proteinase 3(caspase-3), which were mainly involved in Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)/nuclear factor kappaB(NF-κB) signaling pathway. The results of animal experiment showed that SYQ can decrease the content of C-reactive protein(CRP), procalcitonin(PCT), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, increase the content of IL-10, and down-regulate the protein levels of Bcl-2-associa-ted X(Bax)/B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl2), cleaved caspase-3, TLR4, MyD88, and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65. In summary, SYQ plays an anti-inflammatory role in the treatment of sepsis by acting on the key genes related to inflammation and apoptosis, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-lβ, IL-10, Bax, Bcl2, and cleaved caspase-3. The mechanism is the likelihood that it suppresses the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, which verifies relative prediction results of network pharmacology.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use* ; C-Reactive Protein ; Caspase 3/metabolism* ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Lactate Dehydrogenases/metabolism* ; Myeloblastin/metabolism* ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism* ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Network Pharmacology ; Procalcitonin/therapeutic use* ; Sepsis/genetics* ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To develop a new classification of acromion based on the subacromial impingement theory and the Rockwood tilt view. And explore the application value of the new classification in the diagnosis and treatment of rotator cuff tear. METHODS: The clinical data of 101 patients underwent shoulder arthroscopic surgery for impingement syndrome or rotator cuff tear from January to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 34 males and 67 females, aged from 34 to 76 years with an average of (56.31±9.63) years old, course of disease from 2 to 12 months with average of 6 months. Preoperative radiographs of the routine anteroposterior view, Rockwood tilt view and the supraspinatus outlet view were obtained. Based on the subacromial impingement theory and Rockwood radiographs, the morphology of the acromion can be divided into three types:typeⅠ(flat type), typeⅡ(bump type), and type Ⅲ (impingement type). Two observers classified 101 shoulder Rockwood radiographs according to the new classification method and the supraspinatus Outlet radiographs according to the traditional acromial morphological classification method. Supraspinatus tendon injuries were classified into no tear, partial-thickness tear, and full-thickness tear according to the arthroscopic findings. Concordance test (Kappa value) between the inter-observer and intra-observer was carried out for the new classification method and the traditional classification method respectively. The rank sum test was used to compare the mean acromiohumeral distance(AHD) of the three acromion forms in the new acromion classification method. Spearman rank correlation test and Gamma method were used to analyze the correlation between the new acromion classification method and the degree of supraspinatus tendon tear. RESULTS: The inter-observer consistency analysis of the new classification system was significantly better than that of the traditional classification (0.827 vs 0.278), the intra-observer consistency analysis of the new classification system were also significantly better than that of the traditional classification (0.921 vs 0.448, 0.890 vs 0.539). There was no statistical significance in the AHD among three types of the new classification(H=2.186, P>0.05). In all 101 patients, the highest proportion of impingement type acromion was 45.5% (46 cases), followed by bump type acromion was 36.6% (37 cases), and flat type acromion was 17.8% (18 cases). The incidence of supraspinatus tendon tear in the patients with impingement type acromion was significantly higher than that of the other two types of acromion, there was a spearman rank correlation between the new acromion type and the degree of the supraspinatus tendon tear(rs=0.719, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Rockwood radiographs of the shoulder can well display the anterolateral osteophytes of the acromion. The new acromion classification method based on Rockwood radiographs has high reliability and good reproducibility, in which impingement type of acromion is closely related to supraspinatus tendon tear. Compared with the traditional classification and AHD, the new classification method has more diagnostic value than for rotator cuff injury.
Acromion/surgery* ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Retrospective Studies ; Rotator Cuff/surgery* ; Rotator Cuff Injuries/surgery* ; Rupture ; Shoulder Impingement Syndrome/surgery*

Atractylodis Rhizoma is a kind of commonly used clinical Chinese medicine （TCM）， which was first recorded in Shennong Bencaojing （《神农本草经》）. At that time， it was called "Zhu"， which is the general name of Atractylodis Rhizoma and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma. After Song dynasty， Atractylodis Rhizoma and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were separated. Atractylodis Rhizoma can be divided into Atractylodes lancea and A. chinensis. In history， A. lancea as authentic， that its quality is better than A. chinensis. However， the quality of Atractylodis Rhizoma was evaluated by the index component atractylodin in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The general results showed that the content of atractylodin in A. lancea was low， even failed to meet the specified standard， and its content in A. chinensis was significantly higher than that in A. lancea. The results were inconsistent with the records of ancient books and documents， and the quality theory of "genuine medicine is the best". It could not reflect the quality advantage of genuine Atractylodis Rhizoma， and may even affect the clinical application and development momentum of genuine medicine. In short， the quality standard of TCM should not only conform to the historical experience， but also have the connotation of modern science and technology， which can stand the test of practice. Based on this， the author intends to sort out relevant laws and regulations， sort out the literature related to the authenticity， composition and efficacy of Atractylodis Rhizoma， and analyze the rationality of the current standard of Atractylodis Rhizoma by integrating the relevant records of historical classics and modern research results， so as to provide a basis for the improvement of the quality standard of Atractylodis Rhizoma.

Aim To explore the establishment of BN rat animal model and RBL-2H3 cell model of allergic reaction to Yinzhihuang injection. Methods ASA test was performed to compare the symptoms and grades of allergic reactions in BN rats and Hartley guinea pigs, and serum IgE and histamine levels were detected. The amount of histamine released from RBL-2H3 cell supernatant was measured after Yinzhihuang injection affected, and the intracellular Ca

Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Severity of Illness Index ; Spondylarthritis/diagnostic imaging* ; Whole Body Imaging

Scutellariae Radix is a commonly used Chinese medicinal first recorded in the Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica. In the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), Scutellariae Radix is used in two specifications, solid one(Ziqin) and hollow one(Kuqin). In the current rules and regulations of Chinese medicine, Scutellariae Radix is used without the specific requirements for the specifications applied. To clarify the evolution of Scutellariae Radix specifications and analyze the current specifications of Scutellariae Radix pieces, the present study reviews the Scutellariae Radix from ancient literature, modern rules and regulations, and differences between Ziqin and Kuqin in composition, efficacy, and transformation mechanism. According to the research on ancient books, Kuqin is effective in clearing the fire of the upper energizer, and Ziqin in purging the heat of the lower energizer. Modern studies have revealed that Kuqin and Ziqin are significantly different in chemical components, and Ziqin and Kuqin target the colon and lung, respectively, which are consistent with the relevant records in ancient books. The review study suggests that the two specifications of Scutellariae Radix are reasonable since they can facilitate the precise treatment of Scutellariae Radix.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Literature, Modern ; Materia Medica ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Scutellaria baicalensis

The multi-component pharmacokinetic study of Chinese herbal extracts elaborates the in vivo processes,including absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion,of multiple bioactive components,which is of significance in revealing pharmacodynamic material basis of Chinese herbal medicine. In recent years,with the innovation in ideas,and development of techniques and methods on traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) research,the pharmacokinetic studies of Chinese herbal extracts were extensively performed,and notable progress has been made. This paper reviewed the advancement of multi-component pharmacokinetics of Chinese herbal extracts in recent five years from analysis technology of biological sample,the pharmacokinetic characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine with complex system,and the impacts of processing and pathological state on pharmacokinetics of Chinese herbal extracts,aiming to provide a reference for quality control,product development and rational medication of Chinese herbal extracts.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility and clinical effects of arthroscopic treatment for the calcific tendinitis at soft tissues around hip. METHODS: A total of 16 patients diagnosed as the calcific tendinitis at soft tissues around hip from May 2013 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All the 16 patients received arthroscopic procedures. There were 10 males and 6 females with an average age of 35 to 63 (44.50±6.67) years old and 9 left hips, 6 right hips were involved. The course of disease were 1 to 8(3.18±1.97) days. Clinical effects were evaluated with visual analogue scale(VAS), modified Harris hip scores (HHS), nonarthritic hip score (NAHS) and imaging examinations before operation, 1 day after operation and the final follow-up. RESULTS: All 16 patients successfully finished the arthroscopic procedures in 0.5 to 1.2 (0.75±0.21) hours. Primary healing of incision were obtained without any complications of infection, wound hematocele and neurovascular injury. All 16 patients received an average postoperative follow-up of 6 to 12 (9.6±2.3) months. Before operation, the VAS were 7.88±0.72, modified HHS were 29.25±3.23, NAHS were 27.42±3.08. The 1st day postoperative VAS were 2.19±0.66, modified HHS were 82.56± 5.64, NAHS were 82.11±2.94, all the difference were statistically significant between before and 1 day after operation ( CONCLUSION Arthroscopic treatment for the calcific tendinitis at soft tissues around hip is effective.It has advantages of minimal invasive, rapid pain relief, rapid hip joint function recovery and definite clinical effects.
Adult ; Arthroscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip/surgery* ; Hip Joint/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tendinopathy/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert^® Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (Xpert^® MTB/RIF) for the detection of active tuberculosis (TB) and rifampicin-resistance TB in Chinese patients. METHODS: Four Chinese databases (SinoMed, CNKI, WanFang database, and VIP) and three English databases (PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library) were searched from January 1, 2000 to September 15, 2017, to identify diagnostic tests about the accuracy of Xpert^® MTB/RIF in Chinese patients. Two investigators screened the articles and extracted the information independently, and then the quality of each included study was evaluated by Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2. Bivariate random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool the sensitivity and specificity. In addition, subgroup analyses were performed based on patient type (TB patient and TB suspected patient), sample type (sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and others). All statistical analyses were conducted with Stata version 13.0. RESULTS: A total of 47 articles were included in this systematic review. Most of them (38 articles) were in Chinese and only 9 articles were in English. All the articles were published during 2014 to 2017, and the sample size ranged from 31 to 3 151. Forty articles including 42 comparisons about TB were finally included with the pooled sensitivity of 0.94 (95%CI: 0.92, 0.95) and the pooled specificity of 0.87 (95%CI: 0.84, 0.91). Subgroup analysis showed that different patient and specimen types had no significant differences on sensitivity, but the specificity of sputum group was higher than that of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. As for the detection of rifampicin-resistant TB, 33 articles (38 comparisons) were analyzed, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.92 (95%CI: 0.89, 0.94) and 0.98 (95%CI: 0.97, 0.99) respectively. There were no significant differences between the patient and specimen in the subgroup analyses. The Deeks funnel plot showed a possible publication bias for detecting active tuberculosis (P=0.08) and no publication bias for rifampicin-resistant TB (P=0.24). The likelihood ratio scatter gram showed that in clinical applications, Xpert^® MTB/RIF had a good diagnostic ability for detecting active tuberculosis, and it had good clinical diagnostic value in detecting rifampicin-resistant TB. CONCLUSION Xpert^® MTB/RIF has good sensitivity and specificity in detecting TB and rifampicin-resistant TB in Chinese people. In particular, it has good clinical value in diagnosing rifampicin-resistance TB.
Antibiotics, Antitubercular/therapeutic use* ; China ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Rifampin/pharmacology* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy* ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/drug therapy* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy*

In current study, we aimed to investigate whether the gentiopicroside (GPS) derived from Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa could block the progression of alcoholic hepatic steatosis to fibrosis induced by chronic ethanol intake. C57BL/6 mice were fed an ethanol- containing Lieber-DeCarli diet for 4 weeks. LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells were treated with GPS 1 h prior to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) stimulation, and murine hepatocyte AML12 cells were pretreated by GPS 1 h prior to ethanol treatment. GPS inhibited the expression of type I collagen (collagen I), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and tissue inhibitor of metal protease 1 in ethanol-fed mouse livers with mild fibrosis. In addition, the imbalanced lipid metabolism induced by chronic ethanol-feeding was ameliorated by GPS pretreatment, characterized by the modulation of lipid accumulation. Consistently, GPS inhibited the expression of collagen I and α-SMA in LX-2 cells stimulated by TGF-β. Inhibition of lipid synthesis and promotion of oxidation by GPS were also confirmed in ethanol-treated AML12 cells. GPS could prevent hepatic steatosis advancing to the inception of a mild fibrosis caused by chronic alcohol exposure, suggesting GPS might be a promising therapy for targeting the early stage of alcoholic liver disease.