Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the prognosis of implant placement after maxillary sinus perforation repair using a collagen membrane during sinus elevation surgery.Materials and Methods: The radiographic and clinical data of 27 patients who underwent simultaneous or delayed implant placement with perforation repair (using collagen membranes) were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the following three groups: group 1: perforation repair, bone grafting, and simultaneous implant placement (nine patients, 19 implants); group 2: perforation repair, no bone grafting, and simultaneous implant placement (11 patients, 19 implants); group 3: perforation repair, bone grafting, and delayed implant placement (seven patients, 15 implants). The follow-up period was at least 2 years for all patients. Results: No significant differences in implant survival rates were observed between groups. Marginal bone loss was minimal in all groups with some exceptions. The thickness of the maxillary sinus measured on the day of surgery differed significantly between the groups, potentially attributed to the variations in the surgical materials employed. However, the thickness normalized in all groups at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion This study suggests that simultaneous and delayed implant placement in cases of perforated maxillary sinus membranes repaired with collagen membranes during sinus elevation surgery can achieve favorable long-term outcomes. In certain cases, simultaneous implant placement without bone grafting is a viable option.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the prognosis of implant placement after maxillary sinus perforation repair using a collagen membrane during sinus elevation surgery.Materials and Methods: The radiographic and clinical data of 27 patients who underwent simultaneous or delayed implant placement with perforation repair (using collagen membranes) were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the following three groups: group 1: perforation repair, bone grafting, and simultaneous implant placement (nine patients, 19 implants); group 2: perforation repair, no bone grafting, and simultaneous implant placement (11 patients, 19 implants); group 3: perforation repair, bone grafting, and delayed implant placement (seven patients, 15 implants). The follow-up period was at least 2 years for all patients. Results: No significant differences in implant survival rates were observed between groups. Marginal bone loss was minimal in all groups with some exceptions. The thickness of the maxillary sinus measured on the day of surgery differed significantly between the groups, potentially attributed to the variations in the surgical materials employed. However, the thickness normalized in all groups at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion This study suggests that simultaneous and delayed implant placement in cases of perforated maxillary sinus membranes repaired with collagen membranes during sinus elevation surgery can achieve favorable long-term outcomes. In certain cases, simultaneous implant placement without bone grafting is a viable option.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the prognosis of implant placement after maxillary sinus perforation repair using a collagen membrane during sinus elevation surgery.Materials and Methods: The radiographic and clinical data of 27 patients who underwent simultaneous or delayed implant placement with perforation repair (using collagen membranes) were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the following three groups: group 1: perforation repair, bone grafting, and simultaneous implant placement (nine patients, 19 implants); group 2: perforation repair, no bone grafting, and simultaneous implant placement (11 patients, 19 implants); group 3: perforation repair, bone grafting, and delayed implant placement (seven patients, 15 implants). The follow-up period was at least 2 years for all patients. Results: No significant differences in implant survival rates were observed between groups. Marginal bone loss was minimal in all groups with some exceptions. The thickness of the maxillary sinus measured on the day of surgery differed significantly between the groups, potentially attributed to the variations in the surgical materials employed. However, the thickness normalized in all groups at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion This study suggests that simultaneous and delayed implant placement in cases of perforated maxillary sinus membranes repaired with collagen membranes during sinus elevation surgery can achieve favorable long-term outcomes. In certain cases, simultaneous implant placement without bone grafting is a viable option.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells, and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)-hESCs can permanently self-renew while maintaining their capacity to differentiate into any type of somatic cells, thereby serving as an important cell source for cell therapy. However, there are persistent challenges in the application of hPSCs in clinical trials, where one of the most significant is graft rejection by the patient immune system in response to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatch when transplants are obtained from an allogeneic (non-self) cell source. Homozygous SCNT-hESCs (homo-SCNT-hESCs) were used to simplify the clinical application and to reduce HLA mismatch. Here, we present a xeno-free protocol that confirms the efficient generation of neural precursor cells in hPSCs and also the differentiation of dopaminergic neurons. Additionally, there was no difference when comparing the HLA expression patterns of hESC, homo-SCNT-hESCs and hetero-SCNT-hESCs. We propose that there are no differences in the differentiation capacity and HLA expression among hPSCs that can be cultured in vitro. Thus, it is expected that homo-SCNT-hESCs will possess a wider range of applications when transplanted with neural precursor cells in the context of clinical trials.

Peri-implantitis, in which inflammation caused by plaque and biofilm on the implant surface spreads to the hard tissue, can be treated by decontamination of the implant surface and reconstruction of the lost hard tissue through surgical methods. We have described the management of 3 peri-implantitis cases by decontamination of the implant surface using a round titanium brush and regenerative therapy. All cases showed clinical improvements, and no further radiographic bone loss was observed during a 2-year follow-up. This treatment method can be effective for clinical improvement and bone regeneration. However, a longer follow-up period is necessary to support these outcomes.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the welfare status of nurses and the status of fixed night shifts and flexible work arrangements in both general hospitals and advanced general hospitals in Korea. METHODS: A total of 167 hospitals participated in this study, done from April to October 2018. RESULTS: There were 103 hospitals utilizing the fixed night shift system, 22 in the two-shift system, 3 in the fixed holiday shift, 79 in the fixed shift system, and 39 in the short-time working system. The average welfare benefits for nurses increased to 33.02 million won on average. However, welfare services for the nurses were poor: 41.8% of the respondents had a nurses' lounge, 81.7% were given dormitory space at their place of employment, 41.8% had access to welfare facilities, and 56.4% were provided with welfare support countermeasures. CONCLUSION: The results show an increasing trend of hospitals to utilize fixed night shift and flexible work arrangements. An institutional strategy at the national policy level should be established to implement flexible work arrangements including the fixed night shift system, which has a poor level of welfare.
Employment ; Holidays ; Hospitals, General ; Korea ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: To characterize the development of glaucoma, age of glaucoma onset, and treatments for patients with a facial port-wine stain (PWS). METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 58 patients (116 eyes) with facial PWS between January 2000 and August 2016. We noted patients' age at the initial examination, cup-to-disc ratio, corneal diameter, occurrence of ocular hypertension, development of glaucoma, age of glaucoma onset, and treatments. We compared the clinical features of eyes that developed glaucoma with those that did not develop glaucoma. Among those eyes with glaucoma, we investigated the differences between eyes that underwent surgery and those that did not undergo surgery. RESULTS: Among the 58 patients with a facial PWS (116 eyes), glaucoma was diagnosed in 38 patients (46 eyes; 39.66%). Of these, 26 patients (27 eyes; 58.69%) underwent glaucoma surgery. PWS-associated glaucoma usually developed by the age of 2 years (85.61%). In all patients, glaucoma developed on the same side of the face as the PWS. Of the 58 patients, 19 (32.76%) showed neurological symptoms, including seizures, developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, or hemiplegia, and 32 (55.17%) were diagnosed with Sturge-Weber syndrome. The mean number of glaucoma surgeries was 1.55 ± 0.93. The initial surgery included trabeculectomy (7 eyes), trabeculotomy (5 eyes), combined trabeculotomy/trabeculectomy (13 eyes), and aqueous drainage device insertion (2 eyes). The mean age at the first surgery was 35.14 ± 50.91 months. In 18 of 27 eyes (66.67%), the postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was controlled to below 21 mmHg, but 9 eyes (33.33%) showed elevated IOP and required a reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: PWS can be accompanied by ocular hypertension or glaucoma, so patients require regular ophthalmic examinations. When glaucoma occurs, it often does not respond to medication, making it difficult in some cases to control the IOP, so appropriate glaucoma surgery is necessary.
Drainage ; Glaucoma* ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Intraocular Pressure ; Medical Records ; Ocular Hypertension ; Port-Wine Stain* ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Sturge-Weber Syndrome ; Trabeculectomy

OBJECTIVE: The study’s aim was to develop and standardize a Korean version of the University of California San Diego Performance-based Skills Assessment (K-UPSA), which is used to evaluate the daily living function of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Study participants were 78 patients with schizophrenia and 27 demographically matched healthy controls. We evaluated the clinical states and cognitive functions to verify K-UPSA’s reliability and validity. For clinical states, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia scale, and Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale-fourth revision were used. The Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale, Short-form of Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were used to assess cognitive function. RESULTS: The K-UPSA had statistically significant reliability and validity. The K-UPSA has high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha, 0.837) and test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient, 0.381–0.792; p<0.001). The K-UPSA had significant discriminant validity (p<0.001). Significant correlations between the K-UPSA’s scores and most of the scales and tests listed above demonstrated K-UPSA’s concurrent validity (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The K-UPSA is useful to evaluate the daily living function in Korean patients with schizophrenia.
Adult ; California* ; Cognition ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results* ; Schizophrenia ; Weights and Measures ; Wisconsin

There are 82 dental hygiene departments and clinical training institutes across the country with a very wide range of clinical practice content and evaluation methods, making standardization difficult. Therefore, there is a need to establish a standard protocol outlining clinical practice content and evaluation methods for systematic and efficient operation of clinical practice. Thus, this study attempted to propose such a protocol for standardization of dental hygiene clinical practice in dental clinics and hospitals to examine the contents of clinical practice by reviewing relevant literature, and relating it to professional practice within the dental hygienic curriculum to facilitate enhancement of expertise. Clinical practice content was extracted from 74 cases, and was consisted of classifying mandatory and optional clinical practice, training time, and activity methods for each component. To standardize effective clinical practice, it is necessary to organize the components acquired in the course of clinical dentistry training in line with their arrangement on each university's curriculum, in order to learn all components step by step. To do this, it is necessary to present a standardized clinical practice protocol and a organic cooperation between educational institutions and clinical training institutions.
Academies and Institutes ; Curriculum ; Dental Clinics ; Dentistry ; Oral Hygiene* ; Professional Practice

Axial mesodermal dysplasia complex (AMDC) arises in variable combinations of craniocaudal anomalies such as musculoskeletal deformities, neuroschisis, or rhombencephalic developmental disorders. To the best of our knowledge, the co-existence of AMDC with associated musculoskeletal anomalies, medullary neuroschisis with mirror movements, and cranial nerve anomalies has not yet been reported. Here, we report the case of a 4-year-old boy whose clinical features were suggestive of Goldenhar syndrome and Poland syndrome with Sprengel deformity. Moreover, he showed mirror movements in his hands suspected of rhombencephalic malformation, and infranuclear-type facial nerve palsy of the left side of his face, the opposite side to the facial anomalies of Goldenhar syndrome. After conducting radiological studies, he was diagnosed with medullary neuroschisis without pontine malformations and Klippel-Feil syndrome with rib anomalies. Based on these findings, we propose that clinical AMDC can be accompanied by a wide variety of musculoskeletal defects and variable degrees of central nervous system malformations. Therefore, in addition to detailed physical and neurological examinations, imaging studies should be considered in AMDC.
Central Nervous System ; Child, Preschool ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Cranial Nerves ; Facial Nerve ; Goldenhar Syndrome ; Hand ; Humans ; Klippel-Feil Syndrome ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata ; Mesoderm* ; Neurologic Examination ; Paralysis ; Poland Syndrome ; Rhombencephalon ; Ribs