Background: This study aim to compare between middle and high school students on the relationship of high-caffeine drinks and mental health. Methods: This national cross-sectional secondary study used data from the 20th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2024). The respondents of this study were 54,653 middle and high school students. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and complex sample logistic regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Results: Respondents of ‘much’ perceived stress consumed 1.493 times (P<0.001) more high-caffeine drinks in middle school and 1.699 times (P<0.001) in high school than those of ‘little.’ Respondents of ‘yes’ sadness & despair consumed 1.189 times (P<0.001) more high-caffeine drinks in middle school and consumed 1.142 times (P<0.001) in high school than those of ‘no.’ Suicidal ideation and loneliness variables were statistically significant in middle school, but not in high school. Conclusions It was concluded that middle and high school students who were more stressed and experienced sadness & despair consumed more high-caffeine drinks. However, only middle school students who experienced suicidal ideation and loneliness consumed more high-caffeine drinks. Recognizing each characteristic of middle and high school students, tailored intervention program should be developed based on the community and school.

Background: This study aim to compare between middle and high school students on the relationship of high-caffeine drinks and mental health. Methods: This national cross-sectional secondary study used data from the 20th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2024). The respondents of this study were 54,653 middle and high school students. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and complex sample logistic regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Results: Respondents of ‘much’ perceived stress consumed 1.493 times (P<0.001) more high-caffeine drinks in middle school and 1.699 times (P<0.001) in high school than those of ‘little.’ Respondents of ‘yes’ sadness & despair consumed 1.189 times (P<0.001) more high-caffeine drinks in middle school and consumed 1.142 times (P<0.001) in high school than those of ‘no.’ Suicidal ideation and loneliness variables were statistically significant in middle school, but not in high school. Conclusions It was concluded that middle and high school students who were more stressed and experienced sadness & despair consumed more high-caffeine drinks. However, only middle school students who experienced suicidal ideation and loneliness consumed more high-caffeine drinks. Recognizing each characteristic of middle and high school students, tailored intervention program should be developed based on the community and school.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and its early detection is critical for improving survival outcomes. As a diagnostic and screening tool, mammography can be less effective owing to the masking effect of fibroglandular tissue, but breast US has good sensitivity even in dense breasts. However, breast US is highly operator dependent, highlighting the need for artificial intelligence (AI)-driven solutions. Unlike other modalities, US is performed using a handheld device that produces a continuous real-time video stream, yielding 12000–48000 frames per examination. This can be significantly challenging for AI development and requires real-time AI inference capabilities. In this review, we classified AI solutions as computer-aided diagnosis and computer-aided detection to facilitate a functional understanding and review commercial software supported by clinical evidence.In addition, to bridge healthcare gaps and enhance patient outcomes in geographically under resourced areas, we propose a novel framework by reviewing the existing AI-based triage workflows including mobile ultrasound.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and its early detection is critical for improving survival outcomes. As a diagnostic and screening tool, mammography can be less effective owing to the masking effect of fibroglandular tissue, but breast US has good sensitivity even in dense breasts. However, breast US is highly operator dependent, highlighting the need for artificial intelligence (AI)-driven solutions. Unlike other modalities, US is performed using a handheld device that produces a continuous real-time video stream, yielding 12000–48000 frames per examination. This can be significantly challenging for AI development and requires real-time AI inference capabilities. In this review, we classified AI solutions as computer-aided diagnosis and computer-aided detection to facilitate a functional understanding and review commercial software supported by clinical evidence.In addition, to bridge healthcare gaps and enhance patient outcomes in geographically under resourced areas, we propose a novel framework by reviewing the existing AI-based triage workflows including mobile ultrasound.

Background: This study aim to compare between middle and high school students on the relationship of high-caffeine drinks and mental health. Methods: This national cross-sectional secondary study used data from the 20th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2024). The respondents of this study were 54,653 middle and high school students. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and complex sample logistic regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Results: Respondents of ‘much’ perceived stress consumed 1.493 times (P<0.001) more high-caffeine drinks in middle school and 1.699 times (P<0.001) in high school than those of ‘little.’ Respondents of ‘yes’ sadness & despair consumed 1.189 times (P<0.001) more high-caffeine drinks in middle school and consumed 1.142 times (P<0.001) in high school than those of ‘no.’ Suicidal ideation and loneliness variables were statistically significant in middle school, but not in high school. Conclusions It was concluded that middle and high school students who were more stressed and experienced sadness & despair consumed more high-caffeine drinks. However, only middle school students who experienced suicidal ideation and loneliness consumed more high-caffeine drinks. Recognizing each characteristic of middle and high school students, tailored intervention program should be developed based on the community and school.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and its early detection is critical for improving survival outcomes. As a diagnostic and screening tool, mammography can be less effective owing to the masking effect of fibroglandular tissue, but breast US has good sensitivity even in dense breasts. However, breast US is highly operator dependent, highlighting the need for artificial intelligence (AI)-driven solutions. Unlike other modalities, US is performed using a handheld device that produces a continuous real-time video stream, yielding 12000–48000 frames per examination. This can be significantly challenging for AI development and requires real-time AI inference capabilities. In this review, we classified AI solutions as computer-aided diagnosis and computer-aided detection to facilitate a functional understanding and review commercial software supported by clinical evidence.In addition, to bridge healthcare gaps and enhance patient outcomes in geographically under resourced areas, we propose a novel framework by reviewing the existing AI-based triage workflows including mobile ultrasound.

Background: This study aim to compare between middle and high school students on the relationship of high-caffeine drinks and mental health. Methods: This national cross-sectional secondary study used data from the 20th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2024). The respondents of this study were 54,653 middle and high school students. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and complex sample logistic regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Results: Respondents of ‘much’ perceived stress consumed 1.493 times (P<0.001) more high-caffeine drinks in middle school and 1.699 times (P<0.001) in high school than those of ‘little.’ Respondents of ‘yes’ sadness & despair consumed 1.189 times (P<0.001) more high-caffeine drinks in middle school and consumed 1.142 times (P<0.001) in high school than those of ‘no.’ Suicidal ideation and loneliness variables were statistically significant in middle school, but not in high school. Conclusions It was concluded that middle and high school students who were more stressed and experienced sadness & despair consumed more high-caffeine drinks. However, only middle school students who experienced suicidal ideation and loneliness consumed more high-caffeine drinks. Recognizing each characteristic of middle and high school students, tailored intervention program should be developed based on the community and school.

Background and Objectives: Sinonasal malignant lymphoma is rare and aggressive. Its low incidence has made detailed studies on epidemiology, survival, and consensus treatment modalities a challenge, and also has limited developing standardized protocols for diagnosis and management. This study analyzes the clinical factors of patients diagnosed with sinonasal malignant lymphoma and their treatment modalities to understand therapeutic outcome and prognostic factors.Subjects and Method The medical records of patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2020 as sinonasal (SN) malignant lymphoma (extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma [ENKTL]/diffuse large B cell lymphoma [DLBCL]) in Seoul national university hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total 42 patients were included in the study. Of those, 30 patients were SN-ENKTL, 12 patients were SN-DLBCL. The mean age of SN-DLBCL and SN-DLBCL groups was 52.8±14.4, 60.8±12.4, respectively. The main chief complaint was nasal obstruction (54%). Approximately 75% were diagnosed as stage II (Ann-Arbor staging system) and most of the patients received multi-agent chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The 3-year overall survival rate for SN-DLBCL and SN-DLBCL groups was roughly 90%, 88.9%, respectively and the average of disease-free survival period was approximately 41.1 and 22.1 months, respectively, after initiation of treatment. Conclusion We found that sinonasal malignant lymphoma is highly responsive to chemo or chemoradiotherapy. Early accurate diagnosis is important as early-stage patients receiving therapy may benefit from chemo or chemoradiotherapy. Our clinical data showed that in ambiguous situations, wide excision should be considered for diagnosis.

Background and Objectives: Sinonasal malignant lymphoma is rare and aggressive. Its low incidence has made detailed studies on epidemiology, survival, and consensus treatment modalities a challenge, and also has limited developing standardized protocols for diagnosis and management. This study analyzes the clinical factors of patients diagnosed with sinonasal malignant lymphoma and their treatment modalities to understand therapeutic outcome and prognostic factors.Subjects and Method The medical records of patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2020 as sinonasal (SN) malignant lymphoma (extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma [ENKTL]/diffuse large B cell lymphoma [DLBCL]) in Seoul national university hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total 42 patients were included in the study. Of those, 30 patients were SN-ENKTL, 12 patients were SN-DLBCL. The mean age of SN-DLBCL and SN-DLBCL groups was 52.8±14.4, 60.8±12.4, respectively. The main chief complaint was nasal obstruction (54%). Approximately 75% were diagnosed as stage II (Ann-Arbor staging system) and most of the patients received multi-agent chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The 3-year overall survival rate for SN-DLBCL and SN-DLBCL groups was roughly 90%, 88.9%, respectively and the average of disease-free survival period was approximately 41.1 and 22.1 months, respectively, after initiation of treatment. Conclusion We found that sinonasal malignant lymphoma is highly responsive to chemo or chemoradiotherapy. Early accurate diagnosis is important as early-stage patients receiving therapy may benefit from chemo or chemoradiotherapy. Our clinical data showed that in ambiguous situations, wide excision should be considered for diagnosis.

Background and Objectives: Sinonasal malignant lymphoma is rare and aggressive. Its low incidence has made detailed studies on epidemiology, survival, and consensus treatment modalities a challenge, and also has limited developing standardized protocols for diagnosis and management. This study analyzes the clinical factors of patients diagnosed with sinonasal malignant lymphoma and their treatment modalities to understand therapeutic outcome and prognostic factors.Subjects and Method The medical records of patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2020 as sinonasal (SN) malignant lymphoma (extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma [ENKTL]/diffuse large B cell lymphoma [DLBCL]) in Seoul national university hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total 42 patients were included in the study. Of those, 30 patients were SN-ENKTL, 12 patients were SN-DLBCL. The mean age of SN-DLBCL and SN-DLBCL groups was 52.8±14.4, 60.8±12.4, respectively. The main chief complaint was nasal obstruction (54%). Approximately 75% were diagnosed as stage II (Ann-Arbor staging system) and most of the patients received multi-agent chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The 3-year overall survival rate for SN-DLBCL and SN-DLBCL groups was roughly 90%, 88.9%, respectively and the average of disease-free survival period was approximately 41.1 and 22.1 months, respectively, after initiation of treatment. Conclusion We found that sinonasal malignant lymphoma is highly responsive to chemo or chemoradiotherapy. Early accurate diagnosis is important as early-stage patients receiving therapy may benefit from chemo or chemoradiotherapy. Our clinical data showed that in ambiguous situations, wide excision should be considered for diagnosis.