Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication in orthopedic surgery and has the potential to lead to fatal complications such as pulmonary thromboembolism. However, the precise incidence and risk factors for DVT in the foot and ankle fields remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of DVT and identify its risk factors after foot and ankle surgery. Methods: Between September 2020 and July 2023, screening duplex ultrasonography was performed on 278 patients who underwent foot and ankle surgery and required immobilization. The findings from screening duplex ultrasonography were assessed in conjunction with the symptoms present at the time of diagnosis. Heterogeneous demographic data that could serve as potential risk factors for DVT, including diagnosis, body mass index, and other medical histories, were examined alongside pertinent surgeryrelated data, such as tourniquet time. Results: Among the 278 individuals, DVT occurred in 41 patients (14.7%). Among these, 92.7% originated at the calf level and the majority were asymptomatic. The cases originating above the calf accounted for 3 cases, representing 7.3% of patients diagnosed with DVT (1.1% of the entire screened population). Acute trauma, history of previous DVT, and old age were identified as statistically significant risk factors for DVT occurrence, with odds ratios of 2.44 (p = 0.04), 6.40 (p = 0.02), and 1.16 (p = 0.03), respectively. Conclusions After foot and ankle surgery, DVT occurred in 14.7% of cases. Acute trauma, history of DVT, and old age were identified as risk factors for DVT. These findings highlight the necessity of careful monitoring and appropriate prophylactic interventions for high-risk patients. Further investigation is required to determine effective prophylactic strategies for this patient population.

Objectives: . Balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube (BDET) is widely recognized as a minimally invasive treatment for obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). We employed a Delphi consensus methodology to develop recommendations for the clinical management of BDET in cases of obstructive ETD. Methods: . A Delphi panel consisting of 26 expert physicians specializing in otology participated in two rounds of anonymous, iterative questionnaires. Consensus was defined as agreement from ≥70% of the panelists on a recommendation, while disagreement was defined as <70% agreement. The responses from the Delphi study were analyzed using both the content validity ratio and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance. Results: . The panel finally evaluated 26 topics, reaching agreement on 9 and failing to reach consensus on 17 after two rounds. While consensus was not achieved regarding the postoperative follow-up period, a duration of 12 months was most commonly adopted. The Valsalva maneuver and questionnaire responses were identified as the most agreed-upon postoperative assessment tools following BDET. Conclusion . Consensus was reached on several recommendations for managing BEDT in obstructive ETD. This agreement will guide future research aimed at defining standard postoperative management for BEDT.

Purpose: We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and learning curve of extraperitoneal single-port robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (SP-RARP) and introduced innovative surgical techniques to maintain the instrument positions during the procedures. Materials and Methods: A cohort of 100 patients underwent extraperitoneal SP-RARP at our institution from December 2021 to April 2023. The procedures were performed by an experienced urology surgeon utilizing two surgical techniques for dissecting the posterior aspect of the prostate—“changing instrument roles” and “using camera inversion”—to prevent positional shifts between the camera and instruments. Results: The mean operation time for SP-RARP was 93.58 minutes, and the mean console time was 65.16 minutes. The mean estimated blood loss during the procedures was 109.30 mL. No cases necessitated conversion to multi-port robot, laparoscopy, or open surgery, and there were no major complications during the hospital stay or in the short-term follow-up. Early outcomes of post-radical prostatectomy indicated a biochemical recurrence rate of 4.0% over a mean follow-up duration of 6.40 months, with continence and potency recovery rates of 92.3% and 55.8%, respectively. Analysis of the learning curve showed no significant differences in operation time, console time, and positive surgical margin rates between the initial and latter 50 cases. Conclusions Extraperitoneal SP-RARP is a feasible and safe option for the treatment of localized prostate cancer in skilled hands.Continued accrual of cases is essential for future comparisons of SP-RARP with multiport approaches.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication in orthopedic surgery and has the potential to lead to fatal complications such as pulmonary thromboembolism. However, the precise incidence and risk factors for DVT in the foot and ankle fields remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of DVT and identify its risk factors after foot and ankle surgery. Methods: Between September 2020 and July 2023, screening duplex ultrasonography was performed on 278 patients who underwent foot and ankle surgery and required immobilization. The findings from screening duplex ultrasonography were assessed in conjunction with the symptoms present at the time of diagnosis. Heterogeneous demographic data that could serve as potential risk factors for DVT, including diagnosis, body mass index, and other medical histories, were examined alongside pertinent surgeryrelated data, such as tourniquet time. Results: Among the 278 individuals, DVT occurred in 41 patients (14.7%). Among these, 92.7% originated at the calf level and the majority were asymptomatic. The cases originating above the calf accounted for 3 cases, representing 7.3% of patients diagnosed with DVT (1.1% of the entire screened population). Acute trauma, history of previous DVT, and old age were identified as statistically significant risk factors for DVT occurrence, with odds ratios of 2.44 (p = 0.04), 6.40 (p = 0.02), and 1.16 (p = 0.03), respectively. Conclusions After foot and ankle surgery, DVT occurred in 14.7% of cases. Acute trauma, history of DVT, and old age were identified as risk factors for DVT. These findings highlight the necessity of careful monitoring and appropriate prophylactic interventions for high-risk patients. Further investigation is required to determine effective prophylactic strategies for this patient population.

Objectives: . Balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube (BDET) is widely recognized as a minimally invasive treatment for obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). We employed a Delphi consensus methodology to develop recommendations for the clinical management of BDET in cases of obstructive ETD. Methods: . A Delphi panel consisting of 26 expert physicians specializing in otology participated in two rounds of anonymous, iterative questionnaires. Consensus was defined as agreement from ≥70% of the panelists on a recommendation, while disagreement was defined as <70% agreement. The responses from the Delphi study were analyzed using both the content validity ratio and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance. Results: . The panel finally evaluated 26 topics, reaching agreement on 9 and failing to reach consensus on 17 after two rounds. While consensus was not achieved regarding the postoperative follow-up period, a duration of 12 months was most commonly adopted. The Valsalva maneuver and questionnaire responses were identified as the most agreed-upon postoperative assessment tools following BDET. Conclusion . Consensus was reached on several recommendations for managing BEDT in obstructive ETD. This agreement will guide future research aimed at defining standard postoperative management for BEDT.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication in orthopedic surgery and has the potential to lead to fatal complications such as pulmonary thromboembolism. However, the precise incidence and risk factors for DVT in the foot and ankle fields remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of DVT and identify its risk factors after foot and ankle surgery. Methods: Between September 2020 and July 2023, screening duplex ultrasonography was performed on 278 patients who underwent foot and ankle surgery and required immobilization. The findings from screening duplex ultrasonography were assessed in conjunction with the symptoms present at the time of diagnosis. Heterogeneous demographic data that could serve as potential risk factors for DVT, including diagnosis, body mass index, and other medical histories, were examined alongside pertinent surgeryrelated data, such as tourniquet time. Results: Among the 278 individuals, DVT occurred in 41 patients (14.7%). Among these, 92.7% originated at the calf level and the majority were asymptomatic. The cases originating above the calf accounted for 3 cases, representing 7.3% of patients diagnosed with DVT (1.1% of the entire screened population). Acute trauma, history of previous DVT, and old age were identified as statistically significant risk factors for DVT occurrence, with odds ratios of 2.44 (p = 0.04), 6.40 (p = 0.02), and 1.16 (p = 0.03), respectively. Conclusions After foot and ankle surgery, DVT occurred in 14.7% of cases. Acute trauma, history of DVT, and old age were identified as risk factors for DVT. These findings highlight the necessity of careful monitoring and appropriate prophylactic interventions for high-risk patients. Further investigation is required to determine effective prophylactic strategies for this patient population.

Objectives: . Balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube (BDET) is widely recognized as a minimally invasive treatment for obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). We employed a Delphi consensus methodology to develop recommendations for the clinical management of BDET in cases of obstructive ETD. Methods: . A Delphi panel consisting of 26 expert physicians specializing in otology participated in two rounds of anonymous, iterative questionnaires. Consensus was defined as agreement from ≥70% of the panelists on a recommendation, while disagreement was defined as <70% agreement. The responses from the Delphi study were analyzed using both the content validity ratio and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance. Results: . The panel finally evaluated 26 topics, reaching agreement on 9 and failing to reach consensus on 17 after two rounds. While consensus was not achieved regarding the postoperative follow-up period, a duration of 12 months was most commonly adopted. The Valsalva maneuver and questionnaire responses were identified as the most agreed-upon postoperative assessment tools following BDET. Conclusion . Consensus was reached on several recommendations for managing BEDT in obstructive ETD. This agreement will guide future research aimed at defining standard postoperative management for BEDT.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication in orthopedic surgery and has the potential to lead to fatal complications such as pulmonary thromboembolism. However, the precise incidence and risk factors for DVT in the foot and ankle fields remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of DVT and identify its risk factors after foot and ankle surgery. Methods: Between September 2020 and July 2023, screening duplex ultrasonography was performed on 278 patients who underwent foot and ankle surgery and required immobilization. The findings from screening duplex ultrasonography were assessed in conjunction with the symptoms present at the time of diagnosis. Heterogeneous demographic data that could serve as potential risk factors for DVT, including diagnosis, body mass index, and other medical histories, were examined alongside pertinent surgeryrelated data, such as tourniquet time. Results: Among the 278 individuals, DVT occurred in 41 patients (14.7%). Among these, 92.7% originated at the calf level and the majority were asymptomatic. The cases originating above the calf accounted for 3 cases, representing 7.3% of patients diagnosed with DVT (1.1% of the entire screened population). Acute trauma, history of previous DVT, and old age were identified as statistically significant risk factors for DVT occurrence, with odds ratios of 2.44 (p = 0.04), 6.40 (p = 0.02), and 1.16 (p = 0.03), respectively. Conclusions After foot and ankle surgery, DVT occurred in 14.7% of cases. Acute trauma, history of DVT, and old age were identified as risk factors for DVT. These findings highlight the necessity of careful monitoring and appropriate prophylactic interventions for high-risk patients. Further investigation is required to determine effective prophylactic strategies for this patient population.

Background: In this study, we examined the impact of a patient blood management (PBM) program on red blood cell (RBC) transfusion practices in cardiothoracic surgery. Methods: The PBM program had 3 components: monitoring transfusions through an order communication system checklist, educating the medical team about PBM, and providing feedback to ordering physicians on the appropriateness of transfusion. The retrospective analysis examined changes in the hemoglobin levels triggering transfusion and the proportions of appropriate RBC transfusions before, during, and after PBM implementation. Further analysis was focused on patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with outcomes including 30-day mortality, durations of intensive care unit and hospital stays, and rates of pneumonia, sepsis, and wound complications. Results: The study included 2,802 patients admitted for cardiothoracic surgery. After the implementation of PBM, a significant decrease was observed in the hemoglobin threshold for RBC transfusion. This threshold dropped from 8.7 g/dL before PBM to 8.3 g/dL during the PBM education phase and 8.0 g/dL during the PBM feedback period. Additionally, the proportion of appropriate RBC transfusions increased markedly, from 23.9% before PBM to 34.9% and 58.2% during the education and feedback phases, respectively. Among the 381 patients who underwent cardiac surgery, a significant reduction was noted in the length of hospitalization over time (p<0.001). However, other clinical outcomes displayed no significant differences. Conclusion PBM implementation effectively reduced the hemoglobin threshold for RBC transfusion and increased the rate of appropriate transfusion in cardiothoracic surgery. Although transfusion practices improved, clinical outcomes were comparable to those observed before PBM implementation.

The gastrointestinal tract is the most common extranodal site for lymphomas, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is the second most common histological lymphoma subtype. However, primary esophageal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas are extremely rare. Few such cases are documented, and the reports demonstrate inconsistent diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Herein, a 54-year-old man was referred to our hospital for treatment of dysphagia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a large, horseshoe-shaped subepithelial mass in the upper esophagus. Endoscopic ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed that the mass was well-demarcated and confined to the muscularis mucosa, with no abnormalities in other organs or lymph nodes. The mass was presumptively diagnosed as benign, and the patient underwent endoscopic mucosal dissection for pathological confirmation and symptom relief. Pathological examination of the dissection specimen revealed that it was a primary esophageal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. As the patient had an elevated immunoglobulin G level and Helicobacter pylori infection, we administered adjuvant eradication therapy. The patient remains under surveillance and is free of lymphoma recurrence 36 months postoperatively. This case report demonstrates that endoscopic resection and H. pylori eradication are effective treatment strategies for early-stage esophageal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.