Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment modality used as an alternative to surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules, recurrent thyroid cancers (RTCs), and primary thyroid microcarcinomas. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) initially developed recommendations for the optimal use of RFA for thyroid tumors in 2009 and revised them in 2012 and 2017. As new meaningful evidence has accumulated since 2017 and in response to a growing global interest in the use of RFA for treating malignant thyroid lesions, the task force committee members of the KSThR decided to update the guidelines on the use of RFA for the management of RTCs based on a comprehensive analysis of current literature and expert consensus.

Hysteroscopy is particularly valuable for the diagnosis of uterine cavity abnormalities through direct visualization. The development of office hysteroscopy has expanded the range of diagnostic and surgical procedures available. These detailed guidelines include patient counseling and the selection and setting of office hysteroscopy, including room, equipment, and medical staff. Analgesia or local anesthesia is often required in selective office hysteroscopy cases. Cervical dilation and preparation using medical or mechanical methods are required for most diagnostic hysteroscopic procedures. Methods for optimizing visualization and choosing suitable distension media are important for a successful office hysteroscopy. It is crucial to adhere to guidelines to prevent complications, such as vasovagal syncope, cervical trauma, uterine perforation, fluid overload, and embolism. Vaginoscopy can be a good alternative option for alleviating pain, especially in cases where the insertion of a vaginal speculum is expected to be challenging.

Objective: We aimed to determine whether individuals at immediate risk of suicide could be identified using data from a commercially available wearable device. Methods: Thirty-nine participants experiencing acute depressive episodes and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls wore a commercially available wearable device (Galaxy Watch Active2) for two months. We collected data on activities, sleep, and physiological metrics like heart rate and heart rate variability using the wearable device. Participants rated their mood spontaneously twice daily on a Likert scale displayed on the device. Mood ratings by clinicians were performed at weeks 0, 2, 4, and 8. The suicide risk was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale’s suicide item score (HAMD-3). We developed two predictive models using machine learning: a single-level model that processed all data simultaneously to identify those at immediate suicide risk (HAMD-3 scores ≥1) and a multilevel model. We compared the predictions of imminent suicide risk from both models. Results: Both the single-step and multi-step models effectively predicted imminent suicide risk. The multi-step model outperformed the single-step model in predicting imminent suicide risk with area under the curve scores of 0.89 compared to 0.88. In the multi-step model, the HAMD total score and heart rate variability were most significant, whereas in the single-step model, the HAMD total score and diagnosis were key predictors. Conclusion Wearable devices are a promising tool for identifying individuals at immediate risk of suicide. Future research with more refined temporal resolution is recommended.

Purpose: Recent development in perioperative treatment of resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have changed the landscape of early lung cancer management. The ADAURA trial has demonstrated the efficacy of adjuvant osimertinib treatment in resectable NSCLC patients; however, studies are required to show which subgroup of patients are at a high risk of relapse and require adjuvant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. This study evaluated risk factors for postoperative relapse among patients who underwent complete resection. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from the Korean Association for Lung Cancer Registry (KALC-R), a database created using a retrospective sampling survey by the Korean Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) and the Lung Cancer Registration Committee. Results: A total of 3,176 patients who underwent curative resection was evaluated. The mean observation time was approximately 35.4 months. Among stage I to IIIA NSCLC patients, the EGFR-mutant subgroup included 867 patients, and 75.2%, 11.2%, and 11.8% were classified as stage I, stage II, and stage III, respectively. Within the EGFR-mutant subgroup, 44 (5.1%) and 121 (14.0%) patients showed early and late recurrence, respectively. Multivariate analysis on association with postoperative relapse among the EGFR-mutant subgroup showed that age, pathologic N and TNM stages, pleural invasion status, and surgery type were independent significant factors. Conclusion Among the population that underwent complete resection for early NSCLC with EGFR mutation, patients with advanced stage, pleural invasion, or limited resection are more likely to show postoperative relapse.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment modality used as an alternative to surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules, recurrent thyroid cancers (RTCs), and primary thyroid microcarcinomas. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) initially developed recommendations for the optimal use of RFA for thyroid tumors in 2009 and revised them in 2012 and 2017. As new meaningful evidence has accumulated since 2017 and in response to a growing global interest in the use of RFA for treating malignant thyroid lesions, the task force committee members of the KSThR decided to update the guidelines on the use of RFA for the management of RTCs based on a comprehensive analysis of current literature and expert consensus.

Hysteroscopy is particularly valuable for the diagnosis of uterine cavity abnormalities through direct visualization. The development of office hysteroscopy has expanded the range of diagnostic and surgical procedures available. These detailed guidelines include patient counseling and the selection and setting of office hysteroscopy, including room, equipment, and medical staff. Analgesia or local anesthesia is often required in selective office hysteroscopy cases. Cervical dilation and preparation using medical or mechanical methods are required for most diagnostic hysteroscopic procedures. Methods for optimizing visualization and choosing suitable distension media are important for a successful office hysteroscopy. It is crucial to adhere to guidelines to prevent complications, such as vasovagal syncope, cervical trauma, uterine perforation, fluid overload, and embolism. Vaginoscopy can be a good alternative option for alleviating pain, especially in cases where the insertion of a vaginal speculum is expected to be challenging.

Objective: We aimed to determine whether individuals at immediate risk of suicide could be identified using data from a commercially available wearable device. Methods: Thirty-nine participants experiencing acute depressive episodes and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls wore a commercially available wearable device (Galaxy Watch Active2) for two months. We collected data on activities, sleep, and physiological metrics like heart rate and heart rate variability using the wearable device. Participants rated their mood spontaneously twice daily on a Likert scale displayed on the device. Mood ratings by clinicians were performed at weeks 0, 2, 4, and 8. The suicide risk was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale’s suicide item score (HAMD-3). We developed two predictive models using machine learning: a single-level model that processed all data simultaneously to identify those at immediate suicide risk (HAMD-3 scores ≥1) and a multilevel model. We compared the predictions of imminent suicide risk from both models. Results: Both the single-step and multi-step models effectively predicted imminent suicide risk. The multi-step model outperformed the single-step model in predicting imminent suicide risk with area under the curve scores of 0.89 compared to 0.88. In the multi-step model, the HAMD total score and heart rate variability were most significant, whereas in the single-step model, the HAMD total score and diagnosis were key predictors. Conclusion Wearable devices are a promising tool for identifying individuals at immediate risk of suicide. Future research with more refined temporal resolution is recommended.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment modality used as an alternative to surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules, recurrent thyroid cancers (RTCs), and primary thyroid microcarcinomas. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) initially developed recommendations for the optimal use of RFA for thyroid tumors in 2009 and revised them in 2012 and 2017. As new meaningful evidence has accumulated since 2017 and in response to a growing global interest in the use of RFA for treating malignant thyroid lesions, the task force committee members of the KSThR decided to update the guidelines on the use of RFA for the management of RTCs based on a comprehensive analysis of current literature and expert consensus.

Hysteroscopy is particularly valuable for the diagnosis of uterine cavity abnormalities through direct visualization. The development of office hysteroscopy has expanded the range of diagnostic and surgical procedures available. These detailed guidelines include patient counseling and the selection and setting of office hysteroscopy, including room, equipment, and medical staff. Analgesia or local anesthesia is often required in selective office hysteroscopy cases. Cervical dilation and preparation using medical or mechanical methods are required for most diagnostic hysteroscopic procedures. Methods for optimizing visualization and choosing suitable distension media are important for a successful office hysteroscopy. It is crucial to adhere to guidelines to prevent complications, such as vasovagal syncope, cervical trauma, uterine perforation, fluid overload, and embolism. Vaginoscopy can be a good alternative option for alleviating pain, especially in cases where the insertion of a vaginal speculum is expected to be challenging.