Foodborne disease is among the primary illness that causes morbidity and mortality in the world. Several studies show that most students do not have adequate food safety knowledge to protect themselves against foodborne diseases. This study aimed to determine the food safety knowledge, behaviour, and beliefs among undergraduate students at a local university in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study involves 121 respondents from three health science-related faculties at the studied institution. The questionnaire was distributed via an online platform. This study used multiple-choiceformat questions for Food Safety Knowledge and a Likert type scale for Food Safety Behaviour and Belief question statements. Most of the respondents were female (78%). About 16% of the respondents have experience working / volunteering in food services, and half of them are involved in food handling during their services. This study recorded a moderate score in all sections (knowledge, behaviour, beliefs) with a total percentage score of 60.3%, 60.3%, and 66.1%, respectively. A strong but not significant correlation between food safety knowledge and beliefs (r = 0.69 p > 0.05) and between food safety knowledge and behaviour (r = 0.83 p > 0.05) were observed. This study is useful as a basis to develop a targeted food safety education program among undergraduate students. Students with high knowledge of food safety will increase food safety beliefs and behaviour, thus preventing them from getting any foodborne illness.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common vestibular disorder worldwide. Management of this pathology is not complicated and can be done in a short period of time with a proper diagnosis and treatment technique. There are several established methods for treatment of this disease includes Epley’s maneuver, Gans Canal Repositioning maneuver (Gans CRM) and others. This study reported a 38-year-old female presented with dizziness and vertigo, which is severely altered her daily activity, showed 90% improvement using the psychological effect assessment tool after three days of treatment with Gans CRM.

Lipoma is a benign, slow growing tumour composed of adipose tissue. In general, it is very unusual for lipoma to form in the head and neck region, let alone achieve a size of more than 10 cm with the involvement of deep neck spaces. We discussed a case of an extremely huge neck lipoma measuring 18 cm x 14 cm with extensive involvement of deep neck spaces, infratemporal fossa and pharynx, closely adherent to submandibular and parotid gland. The diagnostic and therapeutic challenges were discussed, in achieving a surgically complete excision and cosmetically acceptable outcome

ABSTRACT Kimura disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology that primarily affects the head and neck region with lymph node involvement. Young to middle-aged adult Asian males are predominantly affected. The most common presentation is painless subcutaneous swelling in the head and neck region, while proptosis or orbital involvement is very rarely reported. KD shares some features with other inflammatory and neoplastic disorders, including lymphoma; thus, investigations to confirm the diagnosis should not be delayed. Systemic corticosteroids are commonly used to treat KD and show an excellent response; however, the optimal treatment is still uncertain, and KD has a high recurrence rate. We describe the case of a patient with KD who presented with proptosis and post-auricular swelling, which responded well to oral prednisolone treatment.
Kimura Disease ; Exophthalmos

When the first report of COVID-19 appeared in December 2019 from Wuhan, China, the world unknowingly perceived this as another flu-like illness. Many were surprised at the extreme steps that China had subsequently taken to seal Wuhan from the rest of the world. However, by February 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, had spread so quickly across the globe that the World Health Organization officially declared COVID-19 a pandemic. COVID-19 is not the first pandemic the world has seen, so what makes it so unique in Malaysia, is discussed to avoid a future coronacoma.

A 60-year-old diabetic lady presented with a four-day history of sore throat and fever, followed by dysphagia, odynophagia and voice change. It started with a low-grade fever with no chills or rigor, no night sweats and no loss of weight or appetite. There was no other positive history.

A 4-year-old boy complained of dryness of lips for a 3-month duration. The dryness progressed to becoming scaly and painful, and lesions extended beyond the lip area. The condition was associated with peri-oral itchiness. The boy was observed to be licking his lips subconsciously a few times per minute. The lesions started with a habitual licking of the lips. There was no history of allergies or any recent intake of a new drug. There was also no history of atopy in the patient or his family

Jugular phlebectasia has been increasingly recognised with the advent of non-invasive diagnostic methods. Phlebectasia differs from varix, as it is an abnormal outward dilatation of a vein without tortuosity. It presents as a soft, compressible mass, apparent upon straining or execution of the Valsalva maneuver. The differentials for neck masses are broad, but if the swelling appears on the Valsalva maneuver, the type of mass narrows down to a laryngocele, superior mediastinal mass or phlebectasia. A simple non-invasive investigation, such as ultrasonography, is used as a diagnostic tool. We report a case of jugular phlebectasia that was suspected clinically and confirmed via ultrasound to be a vascular lesion which changed its size upon straining.

Burkitt lymphoma is a rare entity especially in this part of the world. We had an 11-year-old patient presented with swelling of the mandible for a short one-month duration. He was planned for excision biopsy. However developed severe abdominal pain while in the hospital and was diagnosed as intussusception after ultrasound was done. We proceeded with right hemicolectomy and excision of buccal mass. Early recognition and close monitoring of insidious jaw lesions is recommended even in young adults not within the modal age category of endemic Burkitt.

Intramuscular haemangioma is relatively rare and accounts for less than 1% of all haemangioma. Most of these tumours occur in the trunk, arms and legs. Only 14% of all intramuscular haemangioma arise from the head and neck region, with masseter muscle representing the most common site of involvement, followed by the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles. We present a case of a 60-year-old man with a soft lump in the left cheek. Imaging of the neck showed irregular, dilated enhancing vessels seen in the left masseter muscle suggestive of intramuscular haemangioma. Excisional biopsy was performed, and histopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis.