PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a hypothetical model of clinical decision-making ability of nurses based on the Decision Making Process model and the Cognitive Continuum theory. METHODS: The data were collected from nurses working at 11 hospitals in Busan, Daejeon, and South Gyeongsang Province from June 30 to August 1, 2017. Finally, the data from 323 nurses were analyzed. RESULTS: The goodness-of-fit of the final model was at a good level (χ²/df=2.46, GFI=.87, AGFI=.84, IFI=.90, CFI=.90, SRMR=.07, RMSEA=.07) and 6 out of 10 paths of the model were supported. The clinical decision-making ability was both directly and indirectly affected by task complexity and indirectly affected by experiences, autonomy, and work environment. Specifically, it was strongly directly affected by analytical competency but was insignificantly affected by intuitive competency. These variables accounted for 66.0% of clinical decision-making ability. CONCLUSION: The nurses' clinical decision-making ability can be improved by improving their analytical competency. Therefore, it is necessary to organize nursing work, create a supportive work environment, and develop and implement various education programs.
Busan ; Clinical Competence ; Clinical Decision-Making ; Decision Making ; Education ; Intuition ; Nursing

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a personality type test book, which is widely used in the field of personal counseling, team organization, school education and research. This study carried out MBTI of 361 medical students in the second grade of premedical course of Keimyung University School of Medicine from 2014 to 2018, and analyzed the data to use them for the students' education. The personality type was mostly distributed to ISTJ, ISTP, ESTP and ESTJ in order among 16 types. According to preference tendency, it was found out that the introverted type was extroverted, the recognition type was intuition type, the thinking type was emotional type, and the recognition type was more distributed than the judgment type. The psychological functions were ST, SF, NF, NT. MBTI type analysis of medical students shows that it is possible to organize members in group activities to improve their ability to understand themselves and understand others in class scenes. In addition, we expect to be able to design for improvement of stress management, conflict management, and communication ability. In the career counseling scene, in addition to the MBTI data analysis, it is expected that it will be possible to recommend a major suitable for the student personality type in parallel with other psychological tests. In addition, we expect to study the preferred field of study, satisfaction with the major in the future research by continuous data accumulation and analysis.
Communication ; Counseling ; Education ; Education, Medical* ; Humans ; Intuition ; Judgment ; Personality Inventory ; Psychological Tests ; Statistics as Topic ; Students, Medical* ; Thinking ; Vocational Guidance

PURPOSE: Faculty development (FD) is essential to prepare faculty members to become effective teachers to meet the challenges in medical education. Despite the growth of FD programmes, most evaluations were often conducted using short questionnaires to assess participants’ satisfaction immediately after they attended a programme. Consequently, there were calls for more rigorous evaluations based on observed changes in participants’ behaviours. Hence, this study aims to explore how the FD workshops run by the Centre for Medical Education, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore have impacted behavioural changes in the educators. METHODS: We followed up with the educators at least half a year after they have attended the workshops. With limited literature as reference, we initiated a small-scale case-study research design involving semi-structured interviews with six educators which was triangulated with three focus group discussions with their students. This allowed us to explore behavioural changes among the educators as well as evaluate the feasibility of this research methodology. RESULTS: We identified three emerging categories among the educators: ignorance to awareness, from intuition to confirmation and expansion, and from individualism to community of practice. CONCLUSION: Although FD have placed much emphasis on teaching and learning approaches, we found that the teacher-student interaction or human character components (passionate, willing to sacrifice, are open to feedback) in becoming a good educator are lacking in our FD workshops.
Education ; Education, Medical ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Intuition ; Learning ; Research Design ; Singapore

In an era of high technology and low trust, acknowledging and coping with uncertainty is more crucial than ever. Medical uncertainty has been considered an innate feature of medicine and medical practice. An intolerance to uncertainty increases physicians' stress and the effects of burnout and may be a potential threat to patient safety. Understanding medical uncertainty and acquiring proper coping strategies has been regarded to be a core clinical competency for medical graduates and trainees. Integrating intuition and logic and creating a culture that acknowledges medical uncertainty could be suggested ways to teach medical uncertainty. In this article, the authors describe the concepts of medical uncertainty, its influences on physicians and on medical students toward medical decision making, the role of tolerance/intolerance to uncertainty, and proposed strategies to improve coping with medical uncertainty.
Clinical Competence ; Clinical Decision-Making ; Competency-Based Education ; Decision Making ; Education, Medical* ; Heuristics ; Humans ; Intuition ; Logic ; Patient Safety ; Students, Medical ; Uncertainty*

OBJECTIVE: Meditation can elicit trait-like changes in psychological and social styles, as well as enhancement of emotional regulatory capacity. We investigated the relation between personality traits and emotional intelligence in meditation practitioners. METHODS: Seventy-two long-term practitioners of mind-body training (MBT) and 62 healthy comparative individuals participated in the study. The participants completed emotional intelligence questionnaires and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). RESULTS: The MBT group revealed higher scores on all five emotional intelligence factors than did those in the control group, such as emotional awareness and expression, empathy, emotional thinking, emotional application, and emotional regulation (all p≤0.001). MBT practitioners also had higher scores on the intuition of perceiving function (t=−2.635, p=0.010) and on the feeling of the judging function (t=−3.340, p=0.001) of the MBTI compared with those in the control group. Only the MBT group showed a robust relationship with every factor of emotional intelligence and MBTI-defined intuitive styles, indicating that higher scores of emotional intelligence were related to higher scores for intuition. CONCLUSION: Emotional intelligence of meditation practitioners showed notable relationships with some features of personality trait. In-depth associations between emotional intelligence and personality traits would help to foster psychological functions in meditation practitioners.
Emotional Intelligence* ; Empathy ; Intuition ; Meditation* ; Personality Inventory ; Thinking

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of nursing student's communication ability, nursing professional intuition and self-esteem on clinical practice satisfaction.METHODS: Descriptive cross sectional study design was used. Data were collected from 223 nursing students using self administered surveys at a university located in a D metropolitan city in Chungcheong area. Data were managed using SPSS 20.0.RESULTS: As a result of regression analysis on clinical practice satisfaction and variables, regression analysis of clinical practice satisfaction and variables revealed that regression model was significant (F=31.80, p < .001). The adjusted coefficient of determination(adj. R2) was .358 and the explanatory power was 35.8%. The most important factors affecting the satisfaction of clinical practice were nursing professional intuition (β .371, p < .001), department satisfaction (β=.251, p < .001), communication ability (β=.166, p=.004), and grade (β=.133, p=.016).CONCLUSION: Nursing students should improve their communication ability, nursing professional intuition and department satisfaction in order to increase the satisfaction of clinical practice.
Communication ; Humans ; Intuition ; Nursing ; Professionalism ; Self Concept ; Students, Nursing

Nursing science needs to adopt a paradigm that can be used to apply its knowledge. Notably, how nursing science is applied in nursing practice or education remains confusing. This article aims to discuss the pros and cons of the two ways to implement nursing science, that is, evidence-based practice (including translational research and research utilization) and intuitive nursing. Also, I differentiated evidence-based practice (EBP), translational research (TR), and research utilization (RU). I argued that EBP as the paradigm of choice will be the optimal strategy for the future of nursing science. Adopting EBP improves patient, organizational, and staffing outcomes. While basing clinical decisions on intuition alone may imperil patient's safety due to multiple cognitive biases inherent in our intellectual devices. Combining EBP, TR, RU, and intuitive nursing resulted in a model Consilience in Evidence-based Practice. Implications of the model for nursing practice, education, and research were also discussed.

PURPOSE: Conventional computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard method for case planning for endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). However, aortography with a marking catheter is needed for measuring the actual length of an aneurysm. With advances in imaging technology, a 3-dimensional (3D) workstation can obviate the need for the aortography. The objective of this study was to determine whether a 3D workstation could obviate the need for aortography for EVAR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One vascular surgeon and 1 interventional radiologist retrospectively assessed axial CT scans and reformatted the 3D CT scans by using the iNtuition workstation (TeraRecon Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA) for 25 patients who underwent EVAR. Four measurements of diameter and length were obtained from each modality. The actual length of an aneurysm for the proper graft was decided by 2 observers by reviewing the aortography with a marking catheter. RESULTS: The measurements from the 2 modalities were reproducible with intraobserver correlation coefficients of 0.89 to 1.0 for conventional CT and 0.98 to 1.0 for 3D workstation. Interobserver correlation coefficients were 0.29 to 0.95 for conventional CT and 0.85 to 0.99 for the 3D workstation. The length of the aneurysm for proper main graft coincided in 18 and 14 patients according to the conventional CT scan and in 21 and 18 patients according to the 3D workstation, respectively. CONCLUSION: The interobserver agreement in planning EVAR was significantly better with the iNtuition 3D workstation. But aortography with a marking catheter may still be needed for selecting the proper graft.
Aneurysm ; Aortic Aneurysm* ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* ; Aortography ; Catheters ; Endovascular Procedures ; Humans ; Intuition ; Methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transplants

PURPOSE: We used computed tomography (CT) scans to describe normal Korean lacrimal gland volume and lacrimal gland size and then examined their correlations with patient age. METHODS: CT scans were obtained in 213 orbits of 111 patients who underwent CT from January to August of 2013. Aquarius iNtuition (TeraRecon, Foster City, CA, USA) software was used to outline the lacrimal gland in consecutive axial slices and to calculate the volume. RESULTS: The mean volume of the lacrimal gland was 0.589 cm3 in right orbits (SD = 0.090), 0.583 cm3 in left orbits (SD = 0.289), 0.596 cm3 in males (SD = 0.083), and 0.575 cm3 in females (SD = 0.094). There was no significant difference in mean lacrimal gland volume according to laterality (p = 0.614) or sex (p = 0.102) (2-sample t-tests). We investigated mean lacrimal gland volume in 3 age groups. Mean lacrimal gland volume was 0.630 cm3 (SD = 0.080) for the 20 to 40 year old group, 0.553 cm3 (SD = 0.734) for the 41 to 60 year old group, and 0.544 cm3 (SD = 0.885) for the older than 60 years old group. There was an inverse relationship between gland volume and age (Pearson r = -0.384, p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: The mean volume of the lacrimal gland decreased with age and there was no significant difference between right and left orbits or between male and female patients.
Aging ; Female ; Humans ; Intuition ; Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Male ; Orbit* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: To determine the size range of lacrimal glands calculated from Brain CT angiography. METHODS: A retrospective review of 107 CT scans of 214 orbits was performed. Aquaris Intuition Viewer software was used to calculate the volumes. RESULTS: The mean volume of the lacrimal gland was 0.655 cm3 in right orbits and 0.595 cm3 in left orbits, 0.616 cm3 in men and 0.625 cm3 in women. There was a significant difference between right and left (p = 0.012) but no difference between men and women (p = 0.725). Linear regression analyses revealed that there was an inverse relationship between gland volume and age (Pearson r = -0.433, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to report the normal volume range of Korean lacrimal glands as measured by CT scans. A difference was detected in the volume between right and left lacrimal glands. The volume of the lacrimal gland decreased with age, and there were no gender differences.
Angiography* ; Brain* ; Female ; Humans ; Intuition ; Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Linear Models ; Male ; Orbit* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed