COVID-19 has been included in Category B infectious diseases and is prevented and controlled according to Category A infectious diseases. In order to establish a diagnosis or conduct further research, a post-mortem examination may be desired on a possible COVID-19 death. To guide the personnel engaged in the autopsy to carry out the correct operation, and ensure the safety of the pathologists and disease control staffs during the epidemic, the Chinese Pathological Society, the Chinese Pathologist Association and the Pathology and Pathophysiology national key discipline at Shantou University Medical College, formulated this guidance for the autopsy for deaths associated with COVID-19 during the prevention and control period of COVID-19 in China.
Autopsy ; methods ; standards ; Betacoronavirus ; China ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infection Control ; methods ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

A novel coronavirus that emerged in late 2019 rapidly spread around the world. Most severe cases need endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, and some mild cases may need emergent surgery under general anesthesia. The novel coronavirus was reported to transmit via droplets, contact and natural aerosols from human to human. Therefore, aerosol-producing procedures such as endotracheal intubation and airway suction may put the healthcare providers at high risk of nosocomial infection. Based on recently published articles, this review provides detailed feasible recommendations for primary anesthesiologists on infection prevention in operating room during COVID-19 outbreak.
Anesthesiologists ; standards ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Disease Outbreaks ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; methods ; standards ; Operating Rooms ; methods ; standards ; Pandemics ; prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission

Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Disease Transmission, Infectious ; prevention & control ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Infection Control ; organization & administration ; Pandemics ; prevention & control ; Personal Protective Equipment ; standards ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Primary Prevention ; methods ; standards ; Safety ; standards ; Safety Management

INTRODUCTION: Timely administration of prophylactic antibiotics within 60 minutes before surgical incision is important for reducing surgical site infections. This quality improvement initiative aimed to work towards achieving 100% compliance with perioperative antibiotic administration. METHODS: We examined the workflow in our Anaesthesia Information Management System (AIMS) and proposed interventions using cause-and-effect analysis of anonymised anaesthetic records from eligible surgical cases extracted from AIMS. This ultimately led to the implementation of an antibiotic pop-up reminder. The overall process was done in a few small plan-do-study-act cycles involving raising awareness, education and reorganisation of AIMS before implementation of the antibiotic pop-up reminder. Data analysis took place from August 2014 to September 2016. Compliance was defined as documented antibiotic administration within 60 minutes before surgical incision, or as documented reason for omission. RESULTS: The median monthly compliance rate, for 33,038 cases before and 28,315 cases after the reminder was implemented, increased from 67.0% at baseline to 94.5%. This increase was consistent and sustained for a year despite frequent personnel turnover. Documentation of antibiotic administration also improved from 81.7% to 99.3%, allowing us to identify and address novel problems that were initially not apparent, and resulting in several department recommendations. These included administering antibiotics later for cases with predicted longer-than-expected preparation times and bringing forward antibiotic administration in lower-segment Caesarean sections. CONCLUSION The use of information technology and implementation of an antibiotic pop-up reminder on AIMS streamlined our work processes and brought us closer to achieving 100% on-time compliance with perioperative antibiotic administration.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; methods ; Documentation ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Electronic Health Records ; Guideline Adherence ; Humans ; Perioperative Period ; Quality Improvement ; Reminder Systems ; Software ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; standards ; Surgical Wound Infection ; prevention & control

The quality control process throughout the Ebola virus nucleic acid detection in Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory (SLE-CHN Biosafety Lab) was described in detail, in order to comprehensively display the scientific, rigorous, accurate and efficient practice in detection of Ebola virus of first batch detection team in SLE-CHN Biosafety Lab. Firstly, the key points of laboratory quality control system was described, including the managements and organizing, quality control documents and information management, instrument, reagents and supplies, assessment, facilities design and space allocation, laboratory maintenance and biosecurity. Secondly, the application of quality control methods in the whole process of the Ebola virus detection, including before the test, during the test and after the test, was analyzed. The excellent and professional laboratory staffs, the implementation of humanized management are the cornerstone of the success; High-level biological safety protection is the premise for effective quality control and completion of Ebola virus detection tasks. And professional logistics is prerequisite for launching the laboratory diagnosis of Ebola virus. The establishment and running of SLE-CHN Biosafety Lab has landmark significance for the friendship between Sierra Leone and China, and the lab becomes the most important base for Ebola virus laboratory testing in Sierra Leone.
China ; Ebolavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; diagnosis ; virology ; Humans ; Laboratories ; manpower ; standards ; Laboratory Infection ; Quality Control ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sierra Leone

No abstract available.
Antiviral Agents/*therapeutic use ; Cross Infection/diagnosis/*prevention & control/transmission/virology ; Evidence-Based Medicine/standards ; Humans ; Infection Control/*standards ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient/prevention & control ; Influenza Vaccines/*administration & dosage ; Influenza, Human/diagnosis/*prevention & control/transmission/virology ; Occupational Health Services/*standards ; Risk Factors ; *Seasons ; Vaccination/*standards

PURPOSE: This study was performed to analyze the characteristics and trends of published research papers related to infection control in Korean nursing journals. METHODS: A total of 177 studies published between 1970 and 2011 were reviewed using analysis criteria. Subject articles were selected through KoreaMed and journal database searches on the website of subject academic societies using key words related to healthcare-associated infections. RESULTS: Most reports were quantitative studies and the majority of them were descriptive studies. The most common subjects of research were infection control measures for pathogens, followed by disinfection and sterilization, and hand hygiene. Among them, the most descriptive studies were conducted on the knowledge, attitude, and performance of infection control. Theoretical framework, criteria for sample size and ethical consideration were rarely presented in quantitative studies. CONCLUSIONS: To enhance the quality of infection control studies and establish infection control studies as a nursing knowledge body, meta-analyses and systematic literature reviews as well as quantitative studies are needed. Moreover, studies employing behavioral science to identify factors influencing the level of knowledge and practice and to change infection control behaviors are also warranted.
Bibliometrics ; Democratic People's Republic of Korea ; Humans ; *Infection Control ; Nursing Research/standards/*trends ; Periodicals as Topic/*trends ; Republic of Korea

Hand Disinfection ; standards ; Hand Hygiene ; methods ; Humans ; Infection Control ; methods

To analyze the relevant documents of hospital infection administration of acupuncture manipulation with filiform needles and acupuncture aseptic technique with filiform needles. The current situation is that acupuncturists have understanding insufficiency in hospital infection management, lack the sterile concepts and consciousness of disinfection and isolation. Aseptic technic principles aren't strictly followed; disinfection and isolation systems are unsound; sanitary condition of hand of medical staff is unsatisfied; and there is shortness in traditional long filiform needle manipulation. In future, we should explore the new model of hospital infection administration of acupuncture manipulation with filiform needles from implementations of relevant rules of hospital infection administration, establishment and supervision of sound corresponding system, further research of manipulation of filiform needles and formulation of septic technic criterion of filiform needles.
Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; standards ; Cross Infection ; prevention & control ; Disinfection ; standards ; Equipment Contamination ; prevention & control ; Hospital Administration ; Humans ; Hygiene ; standards ; Needles

The Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection had been published by the Centers for Disease Control for over 10 years. The Updated Recommendations for Control of Surgical Site Infections was published based on large amount of research results; last year, which focused on reduction in contamination, reduction in consequences of contamination and improvement of host defense. This article aims to review these guidelines so that improve clinical practice and decrease the complication of surgical site infection.
Humans ; Infection Control ; methods ; standards ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Surgical Wound Infection ; prevention & control ; United States