The severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a new member in the genus Phlebovirus of the family Bunyaviridae identified in China. The SFTSV is also the causative pathogen of an emerging infectious disease: severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Using immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy, the intracellular distribution of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in SFTSV-infected THP-1 cells was investigated with serial doses of SFTSV at different times after infection. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrafine intracellular structure of SFTSV-infected THP-1 cells at different times after infection. SFTSV NP could form intracellular inclusion bodies in infected THP-1 cells. The association between NP-formed inclusion bodies and virus production was analyzed: the size of the inclusion body formed 3 days after infection was correlated with the viral load in supernatants collected 7 days after infection. These findings suggest that the inclusion bodies formed in SFTSV-infected THP-1 cells could be where the SFTSV uses host-cell proteins and intracellular organelles to produce new viral particles.
Cell Line ; China ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies, Viral ; ultrastructure ; virology ; Macrophages ; ultrastructure ; virology ; Phlebotomus Fever ; virology ; Phlebovirus ; genetics ; physiology ; ultrastructure ; Thrombocytopenia ; virology

To investigate the components of fibrillous inclusion body (FIB), which was formed in packaging cells during the replication of human adenovirus type 41 (Ad41), Ad41 long fiber knob (LFK) and short fiber knob (SFK) proteins were expressed in prokaryote respectively and then used to immunize BALI mice for preparation of anti-LFK serum and anti-SFK sera. The activity and specificity of anti-LFK and an ti-SFK sera were confirmed with Western blot, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and immunonegative staining, suggesting these sera could be applied in immuno-colloidal gold labelling electron microscopy (EM). 293TE cells were infected with wild-type Ad41. Ultrathin sections of infected cells were made, and labelled with immuno-colloidal gold technique using anti-Ad41 sera, anti-LFK sera, anti-SFK sera, or anti-fiber monoclonal antibody 4D2, respectively. The labelled sections were observed under EM, and the results demonstrated that both Ad41 long fiber protein and short fiber protein were included FIB.
Adenovirus Infections, Human ; virology ; Adenoviruses, Human ; genetics ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies, Viral ; ultrastructure ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Yisui Shengxue Granule (, YSSXG), a complex Chinese medicine, on the oxidative damage of erythrocytes from patients with hemoglobin H (HbH) disease.

METHODSTwenty-two patients with HbH disease and 22 healthy volunteers were observed. YSSXG was given to patients with HbH disease for 3 months. Before and after the 3-month treatment, blood parameters [hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), and reticulocyte percent (Ret)] were examined; inclusion bodies in erythrocytes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM); activities of antioxidant defense enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (Cat)] and erythrocyte membrane malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were determined.

RESULTSIn patients with HbH disease, measured values of RBC and Hb obtained from the first to the third months after treatment with YSSXG were significantly higher than before treatment (P<0.01). Measured values of Ret from the second to the third months after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Prior to treatment with YSSXG, TEM images of RBCs showed the presence of numerous inclusion bodies. After treatment with YSSXG, the amount and volume of inclusion bodies decreased. Treatment with YSSXG also led to a significant increase in SOD activity (P<0.01), a decrease in Cat activity (P<0.01), and no significant differences in GSHPx activity (P>0.05) or MDA concentration (P>0.05). However, compared with the healthy counterparts, SOD, GSH-Px, and Cat activities presented at high levels (P<0.01) both before and after treatment.

CONCLUSIONSYSSXG could improve the degree of hemolysis and anemia in patients with HbH disease. The mechanism may be related to its antioxidative effects, which could elevate the activity of total SOD in erythrocytes and efficiently inhibit the oxidative precipitation of β-globin chains.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Catalase ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Erythrocyte Membrane ; drug effects ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Erythrocytes ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Female ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Young Adult ; alpha-Thalassemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological features of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis.

METHODLiver biopsies from 30 cases of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis were observed under optical microscope and electronic microscope.

RESULTThe main clinical manifestations were jaundice, splenohepatomegaly and hypohepatia. Laboratory test showed dysfunction of liver, high level of CMV DNA, and high titer of anti-CMV antibody. Imaging examination demonstrated hepatomegaly. The histological changes were hepatocellular degeneration, necrosis, apoptosis, and fibrosis. The histological characteristics of cytomegalovirus hepatitis, including intranuclear inclusions in multinucleated giant cells and pseudo-lumens, were also observed under optical microscope. In addition, virion was observed in the nuclei and cytoplasm of hepatocytes under electronic microscope.

CONCLUSIONThe viral DNA and serological tests have limited utility for the diagnosis of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis, and the final diagnosis depends on histopathology.

Biopsy, Needle ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; pathology ; Female ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; pathology ; Hepatocytes ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies, Viral ; pathology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Mitochondria, Liver ; pathology ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVETo characterize the risks and histopathological features of parvovirus B19 infection of infants in perinatal period.

METHODSRoutine pathological examination was performed on 1 neonate, 2 dead fetuses and 2 placentas using either autopsy or biopsy materials.

RESULTSThe diagnostic intranuclear inclusions were found in erythroblasts in the bone marrow, liver, spleen and lungs in one case, in the spleen and liver in one case, in the spleen in one case, and in the placentas in two cases.

CONCLUSIONSSevere hemolytic anemia or fetal hydrop or hemophagocytosis caused by the infection of parvovirus B19 can lead to death of infected neonates and fetus. Pathological confirmation of parvovirus B19 infection relies on the identification of erythroblasts containing the diagnostic intranuclear inclusions.

Anemia ; pathology ; virology ; Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Erythema Infectiosum ; blood ; pathology ; virology ; Erythroblasts ; ultrastructure ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Fetus ; Humans ; Hydrops Fetalis ; pathology ; virology ; Inclusion Bodies ; ultrastructure ; Infant, Newborn ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; pathology ; virology ; Parvovirus B19, Human ; isolation & purification ; Placenta ; pathology ; virology ; Pregnancy ; Stillbirth

We report a case of IgA kappa light chain deposition disease and combined adult Fanconi syndrome with Auer rod-like intracytoplasmic inclusions in plasma cells and proximal renal tubular cells in a 54-yr-old female. Cytochemical stainings revealed a strong acid phosphatase activity of the inclusions and weak periodic acid-Schiff positivity, whereas the reactions for peroxidase and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase were negative. An immunostaining verified IgA-kappa inside the plasma cells. Kidney biopsy revealed Bence Jones cast nephropathy with kappa light chain positivity, and Congo red staining was negative. Electron microscopy showed needle-shaped crystals located in tubular epithelial cells.
Fanconi Syndrome/diagnosis/etiology/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; *Immunoglobulin A/analysis ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/analysis ; Inclusion Bodies/*ultrastructure ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/pathology/*ultrastructure ; Middle Aged ; Paraproteinemias/*pathology ; Plasma Cells/pathology/*ultrastructure

We report idiopathic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the renal tubular epithelia of two cases of among the 960 Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in the course of the acute oral toxicity and dietary toxicity test. Basophilic inclusion bodies were seen only in the nuclei of renal tubular epithelia. We could not classify our case into any adenovirus infection by clinical signs and lesions. The inclusion bodies were only identified as adenovirus-like particles based upon the electronmicroscopical features.
Animals ; *Coturnix ; Epithelial Cells/*ultrastructure ; *Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies ; Kidney Tubules/*ultrastructure

To prepare carboxyl terminus truncated human papillomavirus type 58 L1 (HPV58L1) protein and evaluate its ability to form virus-like particles, the baculovirus and Sf-9 insect cells was used to express HPV58L1 protein, and pFastBac-Htb containing HPV58L1 gene sequence of carboxyl terminus truncation was generated. Then Sf-9 cells were infected with recombinant baculovirus. After being cultured, the post-infected cells expressing--HPV58L1 protein were harvested and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. The ProBond purification system was used for protein purification. The bio-activity of purified protein was identified by mouse erythrocyte hemagglutination assay, and the VLP formation was examined with transmission electron microscope. Our results showed that the recombinant baculovirus was generated and the Sf-9 cells was infected with the recombinant baculovirus, and after collecting, total cellular proteins were extracted. Truncated HPV58L1 protein with MW 58KD was revealed by SDS-PAGE and confirmed by Western blot. The purified L1 proteins under native condition could cause mouse erythrocytes to agglutinate and form VLP. It is concluded that HPV58L1 protein with carboxyl terminus truncation could be efficiently expressed. In baculovirus Sf-9 cells expression system, the purified protein could self-assemble into virions in vitro, and induce agglutination of mouse erythrocytes, indicating that carboxyl terminus truncation does not interfere with the bioactivity of HPV58L1 protein.
Baculoviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Capsid Proteins ; Carbon Dioxide ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies, Viral ; ultrastructure ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Papillomaviridae ; physiology ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Virion ; growth & development ; physiology ; Virus Assembly

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between late mRNA and the cytopathic effect(CPE) and ultrastructural features after human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in vitro.

METHODSHuman embryo fibroblast cells(HEL) were infected with HCMV AD169 strain. The expression of the HCMV late mRNA was measured by semiquantitative RT-PCR, the cytopathic effect (CPE) and the cell ultrastructure were observed by means of light microscopy and electron microscopy, respectively.

RESULTSThe HCMV late mRNA could be detected 12 hours postinfection and increased gradually, but the CPE appeared 48 hours postinfection in HEL cells. The HCMV infected cells exhibited significant mitochondrial enlargement and the number of mitochondrial ridge deletion, the cisternae lumen of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dilation and vacuolization (at the end age). The mature nucleocapsid could be observed 96 hours postinfection.

CONCLUSIONThe ultrastructural changes have an intimate correlation with the expression of HCMV late mRNA and play an important role in the life circle of the virus. HCMV late mRNA may serve as a indicator of the clinical effect of treatment in active HCMV infection.

Cytomegalovirus ; genetics ; physiology ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; pathology ; virology ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; virology ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; pathology ; virology ; Mitochondrial Swelling ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the survival and developmental morphology of Parachlamydia (BN9) within Acanthamoeba.

METHODSThe morphology of BN9 within Acanthamoeba was studied by inverted phase contrast microscope, electron microscope, Gimenez and AO-staining with amoebal co-culture.

RESULTSThe endosomal maturation-blocked were formed after the egress of BN9. Two developmental stages-elementary and reticulate bodies, were both observed within the vacuoles. The reticulate bodies, multiplicated by binary fission, were located mainly within the vacuoles, while the elementary bodies can also be located in the plasma individually. The naked cluster particles were observed after the trophozoites cytolysis with Gimenez-staining. The light infectious trophozoites could encyst, and elementary bodies could survive within the mature cysts.

CONCLUSIONThe egress of BN9 could form the endosomal maturation-blocked, which was presented in two developmental stages-elementary and reticulate bodies. It exhibited the cytolysin activity that could lyse the infectious trophozoites and were expelled in the vesicles. A few light infected amoeba could encyst with survival elementary bodies in the plasma.

Acanthamoeba ; microbiology ; ultrastructure ; Animals ; Chlamydiales ; physiology ; ultrastructure ; Coculture Techniques ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; ultrastructure ; Life Cycle Stages ; Microscopy, Electron