Background: Not so many reports about the association between head and neck cancer (HNC) and oral health status related to periodontitis (OHS-P) has been published in different countries with different methods. So, there is a need for an extensive meta-analysis with the total articles published until 2020. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the association between HNC and OHS-P through a meta-analysis. Methods: Based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses guidelines, 22 studies were selected through PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Metaanalysis using them was performed to evaluate the association. The risk of bias assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was applied to evaluate the quality of nonrandomized studies. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot and Egger's regression test. Results: Since heterogeneity was significant (I2 = 88%, P < 0.001), we adopted the random effect model for 22 studies. Those with bad OHS-P, compared to those with good OHS-P, were more likely to have the risk of HNC by 2.4 times (odds ratio [OR], 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.88–3.13) for random effect model. The association included publication bias (Egger's regression, P value < 0.001). The association among five studies (I2 = 39%, P = 0.16) using alveolar bone loss (ABL) or clinical attachment level (CAL) for assessing periodontitis increased to OR of 3.85 (CI, 3.04–4.88) in the fixed effect model without publication bias (Egger's regression, P = 0.66). Moreover, the association was higher in 10 fair or good NOS studies (OR, 3.08) and in 7 Asian studies (OR, 2.68), which were from the fixed model without publication bias. Conclusion Our meta-analysis showed that bad OHS-P was associated with the risk of HNC.The association was stronger in studies using ABL or CAL for assessing periodontitis.

Background: Not so many reports about the association between head and neck cancer (HNC) and oral health status related to periodontitis (OHS-P) has been published in different countries with different methods. So, there is a need for an extensive meta-analysis with the total articles published until 2020. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the association between HNC and OHS-P through a meta-analysis. Methods: Based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses guidelines, 22 studies were selected through PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Metaanalysis using them was performed to evaluate the association. The risk of bias assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was applied to evaluate the quality of nonrandomized studies. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot and Egger's regression test. Results: Since heterogeneity was significant (I2 = 88%, P < 0.001), we adopted the random effect model for 22 studies. Those with bad OHS-P, compared to those with good OHS-P, were more likely to have the risk of HNC by 2.4 times (odds ratio [OR], 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.88–3.13) for random effect model. The association included publication bias (Egger's regression, P value < 0.001). The association among five studies (I2 = 39%, P = 0.16) using alveolar bone loss (ABL) or clinical attachment level (CAL) for assessing periodontitis increased to OR of 3.85 (CI, 3.04–4.88) in the fixed effect model without publication bias (Egger's regression, P = 0.66). Moreover, the association was higher in 10 fair or good NOS studies (OR, 3.08) and in 7 Asian studies (OR, 2.68), which were from the fixed model without publication bias. Conclusion Our meta-analysis showed that bad OHS-P was associated with the risk of HNC.The association was stronger in studies using ABL or CAL for assessing periodontitis.

OBJECTIVES: No evidence has been found on various types of dental erosion, except for occupational dental erosion. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of four types of dental erosion (occupational, dietary, systemic, and gastric) and its associated factors among workers in factories that use acids. METHODS: Of 89,034 workers from 4,625 factories that use acids, 716 workers from 38 factories were selected for this cross-sectional epidemiological study by using three-stage stratified cluster sampling. Evaluation for dental erosion was performed by a trained dentist by using Kim's criteria, and a saliva sample was collected directly from each participant. Data on acid sources and associated factors were collected by using questionnaires. By using a complex sample analysis, the T test and Rao-Scott chi-square test were applied to analyze the distribution of four acid factors and to evaluate the associated factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of overall dental erosion was 37.7% for occupational dental erosion, 23.1% for dietary dental erosion, 3.1% for systemic dental erosion, and 3.2% for gastric dental erosion. The prevalence of severe dental erosion was 10.5% for occupational dental erosion, 7.1% for dietary dental erosion, 1.8% for systemic dental erosion, and 1.7% for gastric dental erosion. The factors associated with dental erosion were age, sex, acid exposure, dental cervical abrasion, and dental attrition. CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed that the prevalence of dental erosion was high, moderate, and low in occupational, dietary, and gastric and systemic dental erosions, respectively, among workers exposed to acids. The related factors differed according to the types of dental erosion. Our data suggested that different types of promotion programs for dental erosion should be considered according to acid source.
Dentists ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Saliva ; Tooth Attrition

PURPOSE: To report a case of ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum in a newborn male. CASE SUMMARY: A 4-day-old male was referred for fused right eyelids with unremarkable other pediatric examinations. Ocular examination under general anesthesia revealed partial fusion of his right upper and lower eyelids by a 4 mm-wide band of tissue which arose from the skin of the upper and lower eyelids. The adhesion was separated by sharp scissors and no other ocular abnormalities were revealed. CONCLUSIONS: Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum is a rare congenital malformation. In this case, the band of tissue connecting the upper and lower eyelids arose not from the eyelid margin but from the eyelid skin, which is even rarer, thus supporting the theory that this condition is due to the fusion of eyelids at abnormal positions, and not due to problems during the separation of eyelids.
Anesthesia, General ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Eye Abnormalities ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Serine protease promotes desquamatation of the stratum corneum and this is controlled by serine protease inhibitors (SPI). After disruption of the skin barrier, signals for barrier recovery are started with the activation of cytokines and a migration of calcium ions. On the other hand, the protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) pathway is initiated as a negative signal. As the pH of the stratum corneum become neutral, activated serine protease and PAR-2 inhibit the secretion of lamellar bodies and the formation of the lamellar structure. OBJECTIVE: We wanted to screen noble synthetic peptides and identify the efficacy of a selected peptide, Palmitic acid-Lysine Threonine Threonine Lysine Serine (Pal-KTTKS), on PAR-2 in vitro and in vivo, and a clinical study was performed. METHODS: in vitro:Changes of the intracellular calcium ion concentration were measured in cultured HaCaT cells by fluorescence imaging according to treatment with sample peptides and trypsin. in vivo animal study:The efficacy of 2% Pal-KTTKS cream as a selected noble peptide was evaluated in an oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis animal model. Clinical study:A total of twenty three atopic dermatitis patients applied 2.5% Pal-KTTKS peptide-containing cream on the one side of their extremities and pseudo-ceramide containing moisturizer on the other side of the extremities as a control twice a day for 4 weeks. Clinical improvement was evaluated by the Eczema Area Severity Index (EASI) score, a subject questionnaire and comparison of photographs. RESULTS: Suppression of the intracellular calcium concentration via PAR-2 inhibition was noted in the Pal-KTTKS peptide treated cultured HaCaT cells. In the oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis hairless mice model, 2% Pal-KTTKS peptide containing lotion was more effective than vehicle lotion only. In the atopic dermatitis patients, the sites treated with 2.5% Pal-KTTKS peptide-containing cream showed better improvement for the EASI score, the subject questionnaire and the clinical photographs as compared to that of the control sites. There were no remarkable side effects related to the treatment. CONCLUSION: A PAR-2 inhibitor-containing topical agent would be an effective and safe modality for treating atopic dermatitis.
Animals ; Calcium ; Cytokines ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Eczema ; Extremities ; Hand ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ions ; Lysine ; Mice ; Mice, Hairless ; Models, Animal ; Oligopeptides ; Optical Imaging ; Peptides ; Serine ; Serine Proteases ; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors ; Skin ; Threonine ; Trypsin ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: The concern about growth hormone, used for treatment of growth hormone deficiency, wasting diseases, is increasing recently. There is much to be desired about the study for the reference range of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) of Korean healthy adults, because there was a lack of studies of IGF-1 level. The authors investigated the concentration of IGF-1 according to age groups, and its correlation factors in healthy adults in Korea. METHODS: The subjects were 10,681 Korean healthy adults (5,263 females, 5,418 males) aged over 20 years, who visited the Department of Family Practice and Community Health in a university hospital from March 1998 to December 2003. We excluded the subjects with DM, liver diseases, renal diseases, thyroid diseases, and cancer. We measured the serum IGF-1, fasting glucose, lipid profile, serum albumin, protein, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body mass index. RESULTS: IGF-1 level showed gender difference (184.6 +/- 86.3 ng/mL for men, 178.6 +/- 91.8 ng/mL for women) and decreased significantly with age. Age was the most reliable correlation factor with IGF-1 (R: -0.325 for men, R: -0.463 for women). After adjusting fot age and weight, IGF-1 showed correlations with total protein, albumin, creatinine, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol for men and height, waist circumference, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, total protein, albumin, creatinine, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol for women. CONCLUSION: IGF-1 concentration decreased with age over 20 years old. It showed the highest correlation with age in both gender.
Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Creatinine ; Family Practice ; Fasting ; Female ; Glucose ; Growth Hormone ; Hip ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Korea ; Liver Diseases ; Male ; Reference Values ; Serum Albumin ; Thyroid Diseases ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Hip Ratio ; Wasting Syndrome

A right-sided aortic arch and Kommerell's diverticulum, remnants of the left dorsal aortic arch in the circulation of the embryo, are uncommon congenital defects of the aorta. They may be asymptomatic in most cases, but symptoms are manifested by compressing mediastinal structures or are related to congenital heart anomalies. If aneurismal dilatation of the diverticulum presents with rupture, it is lethal. We report a case of esophageal compression by a right-sided aortic arch and Kommerell's diverticulum that mimicked an esophageal submucosal tumor in a patient who complained of symptoms during the past ten years of food retention in the upper thorax when a bolus of food was ingested.
Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dilatation ; Diverticulum ; Embryonic Structures ; Heart ; Humans ; Retention (Psychology) ; Rupture ; Thorax

Endometriosis is a disorder that presents as endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity and its musculature. It is a common gynecologic disease affecting approximately 15% of fertile women. However, polypoid endometriosis is rare. Our patient visited the hospital due to bowel habit changes and bloody stools. The colonoscopy revealed a large ulcerating polypoid mass in the rectum. Image studies including CT scan, MRI, and PET-CT suggested rectal cancer but the biopsy was negative for a malignancy. Finally, she was diagnosed with rectal polypoid endometriosis by a surgical rectal mass resection. We report a case of rectal polypoid endometriosis mimicking a rectal polypoid cancer.
Biopsy ; Colonoscopy ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Genital Diseases, Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Rectum ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The biological activity of IGF-1 is influenced by IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3). We hypothesized that IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels may be associated with the metabolic syndrome which is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: We assessed the circulating levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in 12,415 individuals (men 6,626, women 5,789), aged 18~81 years, who visited a hospital for regular health examination. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the definition of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). RESULTS: The IGF-1 concentrations were positively correlated with the waist circumference and systolic blood pressure. The IGFBP-3 concentrations were positively correlated with the waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and triglyceride, and negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol. The subjects in the lowest IGF-1 quartile had a significantly higher adjusted odds ratio (OR) of the metabolic syndrome compared with the highest IGF-1 quartile group (adjusted for age, smoking, alcohol intake, and physical activity). Conversely, the subjects in the highest IGFBP-3 quartile group had a significantly higher adjusted OR of the metabolic syndrome compared with the lowest IGFBP-3 quartile group. CONCLUSION: The subjects with low IGF-1 level or high IGFBP-3 level showed increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is recognized as a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that low IGF-1 or high IGFBP-3 can be considered to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Adult ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Education ; Fasting ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference

BACKGROUND: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is now being increasingly used among cancer patients. The objectives of our study were to assess the prevalence, types, cost, subjective effects, and side effects of CAM use, reasons for CAM use, characteristics of CAM users compared to those of nonusers, and patients' expectations of doctors regarding their CAM use among Korean cancer patients at a single cancer center. METHODS: From April to August, 2003, we interviewed 186 cancer patients hospitalized in the Korea Cancer Center Hospital using a structured questionnaire, and analyzed the data. RESULTS: 78.5% of experimental subjects (146 patients) had been treated with at least one type of CAM, in addition to conventional Western treatment, with a mean monthly cost of 1, 380, 000 Won/person (approximately, 1, 100 U.S. dollars on July, 2004). The most prevalent types of CAM used by these patients included medicinal mushrooms (67.1%), herbs (54.1%), vegetable diets (50.6%), and ginseng (46.5%). The main reported reasons for the use of CAM in addition to conventional medicine were nutritional support (19.1%) and physical strengthening (17.8%). 5% of CAM users experienced side effects. The younger and more educated the patients were, the more likely they were to employ CAM. 66% of CAM users wanted to discuss CAM techniques with their doctors. CONCLUSION: More than two-thirds of cancer patients used various kinds of CAM, incurring considerable costs. Therefore, in order to help patients make informed decisions, medical society should be open to communication with patients. Not only the scientific aspects, but also the economic aspects of CAM usage should be examined more thoroughly, in order to ensure proper distribution of medical resources.
Complementary Therapies/economics/*utilization ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/*therapy ; Questionnaires