Necrotizing Sialometaplasia (NS) is a benign, self-limiting inflammatory disease of the mucus-secreting glands, and this illness mainly involves the minor salivary glands. The significance of NS resides in its clinical and histopathological resemblance to malignancy. We present here a case of necrotizing sialometaplasia on the soft palate, and this was accompanied by adenoid cystic carcinoma. We report here on this case to draw attention to the difficulty for deciding the extent of resecting a malignancy, and especially when the malignancy is simultaneously accompanied by necrotizing sialometaplasia.
Adenoids ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; Palate, Soft ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; Sialometaplasia, Necrotizing

OBJECTIVES: To compare the velopharyngeal function, swallowing and speech of the conventional and modified radial forearm free flap (RFFF) for soft palate reconstruction. METHODS: Retrospective clinical study. Twenty-eight patients who underwent oropharyngeal reconstruction with RFFF were divided into two groups: 10 patients had conventional folded RFFF and 18 patients underwent modified method. RESULTS: The average speech intelligibility score in modified RFFF group was 8.0+/-2.4, and 6.2+/-2.2 in conventional RFFF group (P<0.05). The nasalance was 27.4+/-7.8% in modified group and 38.6+/-2.7% in conventional group during no nasal passage reading and 43.6+/-7.3% in modified group, 55.2+/-7.6% in conventional group during high nasal passage reading (P<0.05). The subjective swallowing functional score was 2.8 in modified group and 2.1 in conventional group. CONCLUSION: The speech assessment and nasalance demonstrate a more favorable outcome in modified group than conventional group.
Deglutition ; Forearm ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms ; Palate, Soft ; Retrospective Studies ; Speech Intelligibility

Lip cancer is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity and is the second most common cancer in the head and neck. Because lip cancer can be detected early, it is readily curable compared with other head and neck malignancies. In the treatment, surgery is recommended for most patients. After resection, reconstruction is important both aesthetically and functionally, because of it's prominent location of face and essential functions of sphincter to assist in mastication, swallowing, phonation, and expressing emotion. Recently, we performed the reconstruction of lower lip defects after resection of cancer using various methods and achieved good results. So we present the cases with a review of literatures.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Deglutition ; Head ; Humans ; Lip ; Lip Neoplasms ; Mastication ; Mouth ; Neck ; Phonation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The accurate measure of salivary flow rate requires a variety of clinical and experimental protocols. Several methods have traditionally been used to collect and measure the whole mouth saliva. The objective of this study was to verify usefulness of a newly developed oral Schirmer test for detecting salivary gland hypofunction. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: The control group consisted of 85 healthy patients, while another group consisted of 30 patients with salivary grand resection or post-head and neck irradiation and a third group of 30 patients who suffered from subjective xerostomia caused by other pathologies. Oral Schirmer test was carried out in all subjects. The main outcome was the wetted length after 5 minutes. RESULTS: The mean saliva flow was 59.3+/-16.99 mm/5 min in the control group, 47.0+/-13.50 mm/5 min in the 2nd group and 39.9+/-11.65 mm/ 5 min in the third group. The differences between the control group and the other two groups were statistically different (p<0.001). A cut-off value 40 mm/5 min showed sensitivity of 83.7% and specificity of 62.5%. CONCLUSION: The oral Schirmer test is valid and reliable for identifying subjects with xerostomia.
Humans ; Mouth ; Neck ; Saliva ; Salivary Glands ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Xerostomia

No Abstract available.
Neck Dissection* ; Neck*

It is rare to find spontaneous cervical bleedings for which a wide variety of etiologies have been reported. We experienced a case of spontaneous cervical bleeding that caused emergency operation. We present this case with a review of the literature. This case demonstrates a potentially lethal complication in patients with neurofibroma. Neurofibroma is an inherited disease, classified as 'classical (type I, von Recklinghausen, multiple or peripheral neurofibromatosis)', 'central (type II, bilateral acoustic neurofibromatosis)' and other types. The pathognomic features of classical neurofibromatosis are cafe-au-lait spots and neurofibromas. Other clinical features are variably expressed and occurnece of severe hemorrhage is an unusual complication. Conservative management do not stop the hemorrhage. Surgical exploration must be undertaken for cure.
Acoustics ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Emergencies ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Neck* ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1*

Head and Neck Neoplasms* ; Head* ; Protein Kinases*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Contusions and lacerations of the auricle are common, but reconstructive procedures are difficult because the auricle has an intricate cartilage framework covered with delicate skin. The purpose of this study was to present therapeutic principles of traumatized auricular laceration. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: The study was performed retrospectively and included 35 traumatized auricular laceration patients. Their wound state, degree of laceration, whether or not had exposure of cartilage, methods of reconstruction used and postoperative complications were analyzed. RESULTS: Multiple laceration was found in 11 patients. Eight of 19 patients who had cartilage exposed had been performed cartilage suture method for alignment. Primary reconstruction was performed for two avulsed subtotal injury patients. Pocket principle technique was used for one patient whose auricle was contaminated and amputated. Postoperative complications were noted as paresthesia, color change, delayed healing, deformity and partial loss of auricle. CONCLUSION: Rapid and active management of traumatized auricular lacerations is important to prevent infection and postoperative complications.
Cartilage ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contusions ; Ear, External ; Humans ; Lacerations* ; Paresthesia ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Sutures ; Wounds and Injuries

Lingual thyroid is the most common benign ectopic thyroid tissue but is a rare clinical entity. This developmental anomaly is due to the failure of descent of the gland anlage early in the course of embryogenesis. Patients may have symptoms of dysphagia due to obstruction or even hemorrhage. These symptoms can occur at any time from infancy through adulthood. The clinical findings, laboratory tests, and radiographic imaging studies employed in confirming the diagnosis and in planning appropriate treatment have been evaluated. The primary therapeutic goal is to restore thyroid function but surgical excision of the gland is reserved for more advanced cases of gland enlargement resulting in airway compromise, severe dysphagia that limits oral intake, or hemorrhage. We experienced a case of lingual thyroid that was successfully treated by transcervical approach and summarized the principles of current management for this condition.
Deglutition Disorders ; Diagnosis ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Lingual Thyroid* ; Pregnancy ; Thyroid Dysgenesis ; Thyroid Gland

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a commonly used drug in carcinomas of the head and neck. Mucositis and bone marrow toxicity are the two major side effects. Some initial studies showed that the local use of allopurinol as a mouthwash may reduce the oral mucositis caused by the administration of 5-FU. The purposes of this study were to establish the stomatotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent in an animal model and to evaluate the effect of allopurinol mouthwashes in treating mucositis objectively. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Young male Golden Syrian hamsters were used. The combination of three intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU at five-day intervals and superficial mechanical mucosal irritation were applied and examined with a gross, light microscope, and a scanning electron microscope. The allopurinol oral mucosal paintings were applied three times everyday, starting with the treatment of 5-FU, only at the right buccal mucosa for one minute. RESULTS: Light microscopic changes were characterized by ulcer and inflammatory cells infiltration. The scanning electron microscopic examination showed irregular microridges and pits. Gross and histopathologic alterations were reliably reduced in the allopurinol mucosal painting group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests an effective animal model for stomatotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents, and that allopurinol mouthwashes can be effective in treating or protecting the 5-FU induced stomatitis.
Allopurinol* ; Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Cricetinae* ; Fluorouracil* ; Head ; Humans ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Models, Animal ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mouthwashes ; Mucositis ; Neck ; Paint* ; Paintings* ; Stomatitis* ; Ulcer