Purpose: Dorsal comminution is widely accepted as a prognostic factor for reduction loss in the nonoperative treatment of distal radius fractures. However, the reliability of measuring dorsal comminution in simple radiographs has not been adequately studied. This study investigated the reliability of dorsal comminution measurements from simple radiographs, based on inter- and intra-rater reliability indices. Methods: We included 40 patients with distal radius fractures who underwent operative treatment from March 2016 to March 2017. We established three definitions for dorsal comminution: first, the rater’s subjective judgment; second, the presence of a free-floating piece of dorsal cortex; and third, the presence of a dorsal cortical defect of 5 mm or greater. Reliability was measured using Fleiss’ or Cohen’s kappa. Results: Based on Cohen’s kappa values, the intra-rater reliability of dorsal comminution assessment demonstrated fair to good agreement. In contrast, inter-rater reliability was generally poor to fair, and subgroup analysis by rater experience revealed poor agreement among less experienced surgeons. Conclusion The radiological predictors of dorsal comminution exhibited overall low reliability, limiting their usefulness in predicting reduction loss in distal radius fractures. A more precise definition of dorsal comminution is necessary, and additional methods, such as computed tomography and artificial intelligence, should be considered to increase reliability.

Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form. Data were collected on 86 items, including patient demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes. The results of the 2023 survey were compared with those of previous surveys. Results: Data from 12,751 cases were collected from 66 institutions. The mean patient age was 64.6 years, and the proportion of patients aged ≥71 years increased from 9.1% in 1995 to 31.7% in 2023. The proportion of upper-third tumors slightly decreased to 16.8% compared to 20.9% in 2019. Early gastric cancer accounted for 63.1% of cases in 2023.Regarding operative procedures, a totally laparoscopic approach was most frequently applied (63.2%) in 2023, while robotic gastrectomy steadily increased to 9.5% from 2.1% in 2014.The most common anastomotic method was the Billroth II procedure (48.8%) after distal gastrectomy and double-tract reconstruction (51.9%) after proximal gastrectomy in 2023.However, the proportion of esophago-gastrostomy with anti-reflux procedures increased to 30.9%. The rates of post-operative mortality and overall complications were 1.0% and 15.3%, respectively. Conclusions The results of the 2023 nationwide survey demonstrate the current status of gastric cancer treatment in Korea. This information will provide a basis for future gastric cancer research.

Purpose: Dorsal comminution is widely accepted as a prognostic factor for reduction loss in the nonoperative treatment of distal radius fractures. However, the reliability of measuring dorsal comminution in simple radiographs has not been adequately studied. This study investigated the reliability of dorsal comminution measurements from simple radiographs, based on inter- and intra-rater reliability indices. Methods: We included 40 patients with distal radius fractures who underwent operative treatment from March 2016 to March 2017. We established three definitions for dorsal comminution: first, the rater’s subjective judgment; second, the presence of a free-floating piece of dorsal cortex; and third, the presence of a dorsal cortical defect of 5 mm or greater. Reliability was measured using Fleiss’ or Cohen’s kappa. Results: Based on Cohen’s kappa values, the intra-rater reliability of dorsal comminution assessment demonstrated fair to good agreement. In contrast, inter-rater reliability was generally poor to fair, and subgroup analysis by rater experience revealed poor agreement among less experienced surgeons. Conclusion The radiological predictors of dorsal comminution exhibited overall low reliability, limiting their usefulness in predicting reduction loss in distal radius fractures. A more precise definition of dorsal comminution is necessary, and additional methods, such as computed tomography and artificial intelligence, should be considered to increase reliability.

Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form. Data were collected on 86 items, including patient demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes. The results of the 2023 survey were compared with those of previous surveys. Results: Data from 12,751 cases were collected from 66 institutions. The mean patient age was 64.6 years, and the proportion of patients aged ≥71 years increased from 9.1% in 1995 to 31.7% in 2023. The proportion of upper-third tumors slightly decreased to 16.8% compared to 20.9% in 2019. Early gastric cancer accounted for 63.1% of cases in 2023.Regarding operative procedures, a totally laparoscopic approach was most frequently applied (63.2%) in 2023, while robotic gastrectomy steadily increased to 9.5% from 2.1% in 2014.The most common anastomotic method was the Billroth II procedure (48.8%) after distal gastrectomy and double-tract reconstruction (51.9%) after proximal gastrectomy in 2023.However, the proportion of esophago-gastrostomy with anti-reflux procedures increased to 30.9%. The rates of post-operative mortality and overall complications were 1.0% and 15.3%, respectively. Conclusions The results of the 2023 nationwide survey demonstrate the current status of gastric cancer treatment in Korea. This information will provide a basis for future gastric cancer research.

Purpose: Dorsal comminution is widely accepted as a prognostic factor for reduction loss in the nonoperative treatment of distal radius fractures. However, the reliability of measuring dorsal comminution in simple radiographs has not been adequately studied. This study investigated the reliability of dorsal comminution measurements from simple radiographs, based on inter- and intra-rater reliability indices. Methods: We included 40 patients with distal radius fractures who underwent operative treatment from March 2016 to March 2017. We established three definitions for dorsal comminution: first, the rater’s subjective judgment; second, the presence of a free-floating piece of dorsal cortex; and third, the presence of a dorsal cortical defect of 5 mm or greater. Reliability was measured using Fleiss’ or Cohen’s kappa. Results: Based on Cohen’s kappa values, the intra-rater reliability of dorsal comminution assessment demonstrated fair to good agreement. In contrast, inter-rater reliability was generally poor to fair, and subgroup analysis by rater experience revealed poor agreement among less experienced surgeons. Conclusion The radiological predictors of dorsal comminution exhibited overall low reliability, limiting their usefulness in predicting reduction loss in distal radius fractures. A more precise definition of dorsal comminution is necessary, and additional methods, such as computed tomography and artificial intelligence, should be considered to increase reliability.

Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form. Data were collected on 86 items, including patient demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes. The results of the 2023 survey were compared with those of previous surveys. Results: Data from 12,751 cases were collected from 66 institutions. The mean patient age was 64.6 years, and the proportion of patients aged ≥71 years increased from 9.1% in 1995 to 31.7% in 2023. The proportion of upper-third tumors slightly decreased to 16.8% compared to 20.9% in 2019. Early gastric cancer accounted for 63.1% of cases in 2023.Regarding operative procedures, a totally laparoscopic approach was most frequently applied (63.2%) in 2023, while robotic gastrectomy steadily increased to 9.5% from 2.1% in 2014.The most common anastomotic method was the Billroth II procedure (48.8%) after distal gastrectomy and double-tract reconstruction (51.9%) after proximal gastrectomy in 2023.However, the proportion of esophago-gastrostomy with anti-reflux procedures increased to 30.9%. The rates of post-operative mortality and overall complications were 1.0% and 15.3%, respectively. Conclusions The results of the 2023 nationwide survey demonstrate the current status of gastric cancer treatment in Korea. This information will provide a basis for future gastric cancer research.

Background/Aims: This study investigated whether the personality traits of endoscopists are associated with the effect of interventions for the improvement of colonoscopy quality. Methods: This prospective, multicenter, single-blind study was performed with 13 endoscopists in three health screening centers over a 12-month period. Quality indicators (QIs), including adenoma detection rate (ADR), polyp detection rate (PDR), and withdrawal time, were measured every 3 months. Consecutive interventions for the improvement of colonoscopy quality were conducted every 3 months, which included the personal notification of QIs, the in-group notification of QIs, and finally a targeted “quality education” session. The personality traits of each endoscopist were evaluated for perfectionism, fear of negative evaluation, and cognitive flexibility after the last QI assessment. Results: A total of 4,095 colonoscopies were evaluated to measure the QIs of the individual endoscopists for 12 months. The mean ADR, PDR, and withdrawal time of the 13 endoscopists were 32.3%, 47.7%, and 394 seconds at baseline and increased to 39.0%, 55.1%, and 430 seconds by the end of the study (p=0.003, p=0.006, and p=0.004, respectively). Among the three interventions, only quality education significantly improved QIs: ADR, 36.0% to 39.0% (odds ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.63). The improvement of ADR and PDR by education was significantly associated with perfectionism (r=0.617, p=0.033 and r=0.635, p=0.027, respectively) and fear of negative evaluation (r=0.704, p=0.011 and r=0.761, p=0.004, respectively). Conclusions Education can improve colonoscopy quality, and its effect size is associated with an endoscopist’s personal traits such as perfectionism and fear of negative evaluation (ClinicalTrials.gov Registry NCT03796169).