OBJECTIVE: To analyze the available data on the anti-anger effects of herbal medicines (HMs) as well as their underlying mechanisms in rat models. METHODS: From 6 electronic databases [PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), and Research Information Sharing Service (RISS)], relevant animal experiments were searched by using "anger," "rats," and "animal" as search keywords. The last search was conducted on November 22, 2019, and all experiments involving rat models of anger and treatment using HMs published until the date of the search were considered. RESULTS: A total of 24 studies with 16 kinds of HMs were included. Most studies have used the "tail irritating method" and "social isolation and resident intruder" method to establish anger models. According to the included studies, the therapeutic mechanisms of HMs for anger regulation and important herbs by their frequency and/or preclinical evidence mainly incladed regulation of hemorheology (Bupleuri Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, and Glycyrrhizae Radix), regulation of sex hormones (Bupleuri Radix, Cyperi Rhizoma, and Paeoniae Radix Alba), regulation of neurotransmitters (Cyperi Rhizoma), regulation of anger-related genes (Bupleuri Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix, and Paeoniae Radix Alba), and other effects. Overall, Liver (Gan) qi-smoothing herbs including Bupleuri Radix and Cyperi Rhizoma were the most frequently used. CONCLUSIONS This review found the frequent methods to establish an anger model, and major mechanisms of anti-anger effects of HMs. Interestingly, some Liver qi-smoothing herbs have been frequently used to investigate the anti-anger effects of HM. These findings provide insight into the role and relevance of HMs in the field of anger management.
Anger ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Herbal Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Paeonia/chemistry* ; Rats

BACKGROUND: Tinea barbae(TB) is a rare dermatophytosis localized on the bearded areas of the face and neck. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the epidemiological, clinical and mycological characteristics of TB. METHODS: During the 24-year-period from 1983 to 2004, 74 patients with TB were evaluated in regard to annual incidence, the distribution of the subjects according to age, season, involved site, occupation, a place of residence and concurrent fungal infection. Patients with TB were further assessed concerning causative agents by fungal culture and their association with clinical type and a place of residence. RESULTS: In epidemiologic aspect, annual incidence was increased until 1989, thereafter gradually decreased. TB showed peak incidence in April in monthly distribution. TB occurred predominantly in middle-aged adults, especially in fifties in age distribution and countryfolk in residential distribution. In clinical aspect, superficial type was the most common in clinical types, followed by follicular and kerion type. Upper lip was affected mostly. In mycologic aspect, fungal culture showed positive results in 57 patients. Trichophyton(T.) rubrum was the most common causative agents followed by T. mentagrophytes and T. verrucosum. Thirty six patients had concurrent fungal infection and tinea pedis was the most common. CONCLUSION: The result suggests that although the incidence of TB is decreasing, it is important not only to isolate cattle with dermatophytoses from people but also to treat concurrent dermatophytoses in order to decrease the incidence
Adult ; Age Distribution ; Animals ; Cattle ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lip ; Neck ; Occupations ; Seasons ; Tinea Pedis ; Tinea*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the fertility outcomes after abdominal or laparoscopic myomectomy in infertile patients with no other infertility factors except uterine myoma. METHODS: From January, 1992 to December, 1998, abdominal or laparoscopic myomectomy was performed in 76 patients with desire for children and no other recognizable infertility factors. The medical records were reviewed retrospectively. The mean duration of postoperative follow-up was 23.4+/-21.2 months(1~82 months). RESULTS: After myomectomy, 35 patients(46.1%) became pregnant during the follow-up period, especially with 24(68.6%) within 12 months. Excluding 7 cases of spontaneous abortion and 2 cases of intrauterine fetal death, 26 patients(74.3%) had a viable birth. Parity, duration of infertility, number, type and location of myoma, and the proportion of opening the intrauterine cavity during operation were not significantly different between the pregnant and nonpregnant groups. However, the size of uterine myoma was significantly larger in the pregnant group(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: We obtained a reasonable pregnancy rate in infertile patients with uterine myoma as a sole infertility factor. The size of myoma may influence the postmyomectomy pregnancy rate, and this may indicate a more beneficial effect of myomectomy in infertile patients with a relatively larger myoma.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Child ; Female ; Fertility* ; Fetal Death ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infertility ; Leiomyoma ; Medical Records ; Myoma* ; Parity ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterus*