Purpose: This study aimed at identifying the level of active aging in older adults and the influence of the individual and community levels of community capacity on active aging. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a stratified sample of 380 older adults living in 35 neighborhoods of five regions in Seoul, the capital of South Korea. The structured questionnaire included the Korean version of instruments that measure active aging and community capacity at the individual level. Secondary data including metropolitan statistical information, a public data portal, and a city plan were used to acquire community-capacity factors at the community level. Data were analyzed with multilevel models. Results: The overall active aging mean score was 3.00 ± 0.55 out of 5; the highest mean score was in the security domain (3.46 ± 0.65) and the lowest one was in the participation domain (2.71 ± 0.66). Individual factors associated with active aging included age, education, income, and community capacity at the individual level. At the community level, two community-capacity factors (senior leisure welfare facilities and cooperative unions) were significantly associated with active aging. In active aging, 6.4% and 4.1% of total variance could be explained by 35 neighborhoods, after considering individual and community level variables, respectively. Conclusion This study showed that community capacity is important for active aging among older adults. Appropriate strategies that consider both individual and community factors, such as contextual indicators of community capacity, are necessary to improve active aging.

Purpose: This literature review aimed to evaluate Cox’s interaction model of client health behavior (IMCHB) as used in studies on women’s health. Methods: Using keyword combinations of “women” and “IMCHB” or “interaction model of client health behavior,” we searched the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and RISS databases for studies on the promotion of women’s health published from January 2009 to April 2019. Finally, 11 studies were selected and evaluated according to seven criteria for theory evaluation, which combined Fawcett’s theory evaluation criteria and Chinn and Kramer’s criteria. Results: We found that the IMCHB corresponds to a verifiable practical level of a middle-range theory, although it may be partially abstract. It contains all four concepts of the metaparadigm of nursing, in terms of a holistic philosophical approach. A theoretical evaluation demonstrated that the IMCHB has significance, generality, testability, empirical adequacy, and pragmatic adequacy for nursing practice and research. However, the lack of clear conceptual definitions and the presence of complex relationships among concepts resulted in a lack of internal consistency and parsimony. Conclusion According to an in-depth verification through a review of the literature, the IMCHB has been used as a health promotion intervention strategy for various populations of women and has led to useful results in nursing practice. The IMCHB was confirmed to be a suitable theory for experimental and clinical research. Future research can build on this middle-range theory for women’s health research and practice.

Purpose: This study aimed at identifying the level of active aging in older adults and the influence of the individual and community levels of community capacity on active aging. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a stratified sample of 380 older adults living in 35 neighborhoods of five regions in Seoul, the capital of South Korea. The structured questionnaire included the Korean version of instruments that measure active aging and community capacity at the individual level. Secondary data including metropolitan statistical information, a public data portal, and a city plan were used to acquire community-capacity factors at the community level. Data were analyzed with multilevel models. Results: The overall active aging mean score was 3.00 ± 0.55 out of 5; the highest mean score was in the security domain (3.46 ± 0.65) and the lowest one was in the participation domain (2.71 ± 0.66). Individual factors associated with active aging included age, education, income, and community capacity at the individual level. At the community level, two community-capacity factors (senior leisure welfare facilities and cooperative unions) were significantly associated with active aging. In active aging, 6.4% and 4.1% of total variance could be explained by 35 neighborhoods, after considering individual and community level variables, respectively. Conclusion This study showed that community capacity is important for active aging among older adults. Appropriate strategies that consider both individual and community factors, such as contextual indicators of community capacity, are necessary to improve active aging.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of perceived readiness for interprofessional learning and its differences between nursing and other health-related students. Methods METHODS: A web-based survey was conducted from April 25 to June 30, 2017 in one university in Korea. A total of 325 undergraduate nursing students and other health-related disciplines completed the structured questionnaire consisting of Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale and general characteristics. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: The scores of readiness for interprofessional learning in nursing students were significantly higher than those in other health-related students (t=3.50, p=.001). Nursing students had higher collaboration, professional identity, and roles and responsibilities than other health-related students. The class experiences with other major students was a significant factor related to the readiness for interprofessional learning both in nursing (p=.001) and other health-related students (p=.001). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that nursing educators consider the different level of readiness for interprofessional learning between nursing and other health-related students while integrating interprofessional education into nursing education curricula.
Cooperative Behavior ; Curriculum ; Education ; Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Interprofessional Relations ; Korea ; Learning ; Linear Models ; Nursing ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: The study aimed to identify factors influencing work-life balance in female service workers. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with an online survey of 234 service workers using volunteer panels. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from July 16 to 24, 2017. Major variables included work-life balance, resilience, emotional intelligence, job stress, and fatigue. Using the SPSS 24.0 program, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. RESULTS: The mean score of the work-life balance level of female service workers was 2.9±0.85 on a total score of 6. A multiple regression analysis revealed that smoking, resilience, job stress and fatigue were statistically significant factors in the model (p<.001), with an explanatory power of 50.3%. Emotional intelligence was not significantly associated with work-life balance. CONCLUSION: The level of work-life balance was considerably low in female service workers. This study suggests that nursing interventions to enhance work-life balance are required at both the individual and organizational levels.
Emotional Intelligence ; Fatigue ; Female* ; Humans ; Nursing ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Volunteers

B lymphocytes are produced from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) through the highly ordered process of B lymphopoiesis, which is regulated by a complex network of cytokines, chemokines and cell adhesion molecules derived from the hematopoietic niche. Primary osteoblasts function as an osteoblastic niche (OBN) that supports in vitro B lymphopoiesis. However, there are significant limitations to the use of primary osteoblasts, including their relative scarcity and the consistency and efficiency of the limited purification and proliferation of these cells. Thus, development of a stable osteoblast cell line that can function as a biomimetic or artificial OBN is necessary. In this study, we developed a stable osteoblastic cell line, designated OBN4, which functions as an osteoblast-based artificial niche that supports in vitro B lymphopoiesis. We demonstrated that the production of a B220⁺ cell population from Lineage⁻ (Lin⁻) Sca-1⁺ c-Kit⁺ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) was increased ~1.7-fold by OBN4 cells relative to production by primary osteoblasts and OP9 cells in coculture experiments. Consistently, OBN4 cells exhibited the highest production of B220⁺ IgM⁺ cell populations (6.7±0.6–13.6±0.6%) in an IL-7- and stromal cell-derived factor 1-dependent manner, with higher production than primary osteoblasts (3.7±0.5–6.4±0.6%) and OP9 cells (1.8±0.6–3.9±0.5%). In addition, the production of B220⁺ IgM⁺ IgD⁺ cell populations was significantly enhanced by OBN4 cells (15.4±1.1–18.9±3.2%) relative to production by primary osteoblasts (9.5±0.6–14.6±1.6%) and OP9 cells (9.1±0.5–10.3±1.8%). We conclude that OBN4 cells support in vitro B lymphopoiesis of Lin⁻ Sca-1⁺ c-Kit⁺ HSPCs more efficiently than primary osteoblasts or OP9 stromal cells.
B-Lymphocytes ; Biomimetics ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Cell Line ; Chemokines ; Coculture Techniques ; Cytokines ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Lymphopoiesis* ; Osteoblasts ; Stem Cells ; Stromal Cells