ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution (HPS) for continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 148 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated by TURP from January 2013 to January 2016. Seventy-six of the patients received postoperative continuous bladder irrigation with 0.15% HPS (group A) and the other 72 with normal saline (group B). We compared the two groups of patients in their postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels, duration of bladder irrigation, frequency of catheter blockage, time of catheterization, and length of hospital stay.

RESULTSThere were no statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients preoperatively in the prostate volume, International Prostate Symptoms Score, maximum urinary flow rate, postvoid residual urine, or levels of serum PSA and Hb (P > 0.05). At 48 hours after operation, a significantly less reduction was observed in the Hb level in group A than in group B (［3.38 ± 2.56］ vs ［7.29 ± 6.58］ g/L, P < 0.01). The patients of group A, in comparison with those of group B, also showed remarkably shorter duration of postoperative bladder irrigation (［32.57 ± 5.99］ vs ［46.10 ± 8.79］ h, P < 0.01), lower rate of catheter blockage (3.3% vs 11.8%, P < 0.01), shorter time of catheterization (［3.74 ± 0.79］ vs ［4.79 ± 0.93］ d, P < 0.01), and fewer days of postoperative hospital stay (［4.22 ± 0.81］ vs ［4.67 ± 0.88］ d, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSLow-concentration HPS for continuous bladder irrigation after TURP can reduce blood loss, catheter blockage, bladder irrigation duration, catheterization time, and hospital stay, and therefore deserves a wide clinical application.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local ; administration & dosage ; Catheter Obstruction ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; administration & dosage ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; blood ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; prevention & control ; Urinary Retention

OBJECTIVETo investigate how transient low dose of hydroperoxide pretreatment prevents cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury.

METHODSSD rats were divided into 4 groups: sham operation (Sham), standard ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and IR preceded by low H2O2 treatment. Cardiac function and injury parameter were compared among groups.

RESULTSIPC protected reperfusion injury and improved cardiac function. Low H2O2 treatment played a role in cardioprotection similar to IPC. Low H2O2 was indeed generated in the early phase of simulated ischemia and attenuated cytochrome c release induced by high Ca2+ in isolated mitochondria.

CONCLUSIONLow H2O2 plays a critical role in cardioprotection probably by inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition.

Animals ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; administration & dosage ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control

This study is to report the study of protective effects of myricitrin against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells and the investigation of the possible mechanisms of action of myricitrin. The model of H2O2-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells was used to determine the protective effects of myricitrin. The levels of LDH, MDA and the activities of SOD, NO were measured using the respective kits. The H2O2-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells was detected using MTT reduction, TUNEL assay, JC-1 and ROS staining. The activation of Caspase-3 was also measured by fluorometry. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was determined with Western blotting assay. Myricitrin had significant protective effects against H2O2-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The results show that myricitrin could attenuate H2O2-induced decrease in the activities of SOD (P < 0.01). Myricitrin could decrease the levels of LDH, MDA and increase cell viability and the mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.01). Myricitrin had protective effects in a dose-dependent manner between 32 micromol x L(-1) to 64 micromol x L(-1). Myricitrin pretreatment could attenuate H2O2-induced increase of p-ERK. Moreover, myricitrin pretreatment could up-regulate the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, down-regulate the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, and decrease the expression of Caspase-3, 9. In conclusion, myricitrin had significant protective effects against H2O2-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. Myricitrin can enhance the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes and decrease the production of free radicals. The possible mechanisms of action of myricitrin are due to myricitrin-mediated inhibition of phosphorylation of the apoptosis signaling pathways-related kinase ERK, up-regulation of the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, and down-regulation of the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Flavonoids ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; toxicity ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the protective effects of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) on the survival and apoptosis of cortical neurons of neonatal rat under oxidative stress and its significance.

METHODPrimary cortical neurons from newborn rat were cultured and the oxidative stress model was established. Then cells were randomly divided into IGF-1 group and control group. The concentration of LDH in supernatant was detected. Cell survival was determined with MTT assay and the expression of active Caspase-3 was measured using Western Blotting.

RESULT(1) The values of LDH gradually decreased with the increasing IGF-1 added to the cells [(0.5065 ± 0.0064) to (0.435 ± 0.0065), (P < 0.01)], but when the concentration of IGF-1 reached a certain level (> 25 ng/ml), there were no longer obvious effects on the level of LDH [(0.42 ± 0.012) to (0.418 ± 0.0098), (P > 0.05)]; Western blot showed that the level of active Caspase-3 was significantly decreased after treatment with IGF-1 [(0.662 ± 0.033) to (0.199 ± 0.01), (P < 0.01)]. (2) Compared with control group, without or with low concentration of H2O2 (0 - 40 µM), the values of LDH and the expression of active Caspase-3 in IGF-1 group were significantly decreased[(1.518 ± 0.137) to (1.068 ± 0.067), (P < 0.05) and 0.850 ± 0.042 to 0.597 ± 0.03, P < 0.01, respectively] while the values of MTT obviously elevated [(0.773 ± 0.062) to (1.196 ± 0.057), (P < 0.05)]; but with higher concentration (≥ 60 µM) of H2O2, the values of LDH and MTT and the expression of active Caspase-3 in IGF-1 group all had no significant difference (P > 0.05). (3) When the concentration of H2O2 reached 60 µM and higher, whatever concentration of IGF-1 could not lower the level of LDH compared with control group [(2.376 ± 0.04) to (2.442 ± 0.046), (P > 0.05)].

CONCLUSIONSOxidative stress can induce IGF-1 resistance of cortical neurons in neonatal rat, and even increasing the concentration of IGF-1 can not restore their sensitivity to IGF-1.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

To study the effect of Cu2+ and Zn2+ on amyloid-beta peptides (Abeta) aggregation, the morphology, size and cell toxicity of Abeta40 aggregates formed with the metal ions have been observed by the methods including ultraviolet spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that Cu2+ and Zn2+ can accelerate Abeta40 aggregation, and both changed the morphology and size of Abeta40 aggregates. Zn2+ induced Abeta40 to form fibrous Abeta40 aggregates, while the amorphous and fibrous aggregates were produced by the interaction between Cu2+ and Abeta40. In addition, H2O2 was produced when Abeta40 reduced Cu2+. The relationship between metal ions and Abeta40 aggregates was analyzed, and the function of metal ions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) was illustrated in the research.
Amyloid beta-Peptides ; chemistry ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Copper ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; chemistry ; Ions ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Peptide Fragments ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; Zinc ; chemistry

PURPOSE: Chemical lights, also called Luminous Sticks, consist of a solution of diphenyl oxalate (C14H10O4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Human tissue can be damaged when the mixed solution contacts the human body. The authors report a single case of chemical injury of keratoconjunctiva by exposure to chemical lights. CASE SUMMARY: A 47-year-old man's right eye accidentally contacted the fluorescent material when breaking a Luminous Stick 7 days before being referred to our clinic. He had pain in the right eye and experienced visual loss. The patient's best corrected visual acuity in the right eye was 20/50. An ulcerative lesion with edema at the inferior bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva and coneal epithelial defect was observed upon biomicroscopic examination. The patient was hospitalized and antibiotics, steroids, mydriatic and artificial tear eye drops were applied for treatment. After 9 days of treatment, the best corrected visual acuity of the patient recovered to 20/20, and the conjunctiva and cornea were mostly healed. No complication was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Chemical lights are commonly used in concerts and festivals. If the contents contact the eyes when breaking he chemical lights, various chemical burns can occur and cause ophthalmologic complications. Since no regulations have been passed regarding chemical lights, safety education and supervision are considered to be necessary for children.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biphenyl Compounds ; Burns, Chemical ; Child ; Conjunctiva ; Cornea ; Edema ; Eye ; Holidays ; Human Body ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Light ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Organization and Administration ; Social Control, Formal ; Steroids ; Tears ; Ulcer ; Visual Acuity

This study is to observe the effect of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris (GSTT) on protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon) and apoptosis-associated protein in the apoptosis of cultured cardiocyte apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and to explore the mechanisms of GSTT against myocardial apoptosis. Primary cardiocytes were isolated and cultured. Myocardial apoptosis was induced by H2O2 and analyzed with flow cytometry. Protein content of phospho-PKCepsilon, Bcl-2, and Bax were detected with Western blotting analysis. Cleaved caspase-3 protein content was determined with immunocytochemical technique. After the pretreatment of 100 mg x L(-1) GSTT, compared with H2O2 group, GSTT could not only decrease the apoptotic percentage in cardiocytes damaged by H2O2 (P < 0.01), but also reduce protein contents of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 (P < 0.01), and increase protein content of phospho-PKCepsilon and Bcl-2 significantly (P < 0.01). PKC inhibitor chelerythrine (Che) could prevent partly the effect of GSTT against myocardial apoptosis (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Mechanisms of GSTT against myocardial apoptosis might be associated with inhibition of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway after PKCepsilon activation.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Benzophenanthridines ; pharmacology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; Female ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; toxicity ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Phosphorylation ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Protein Kinase C ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Protein Kinase C-epsilon ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saponins ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Tribulus ; chemistry ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in acute lung injury. Tissue inflammation, the increased vascular permeability, and plasma exudation are cardinal features of acute lung injury. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) has potential therapeutic applications in preventing vascular leakage and also has beneficial effects in several inflammatory disorders. Recently developed COMP-Ang1 is more potent than native Ang1 in phosphorylating tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and EGF homology domain 2 receptor in endothelial cells. However, there are no data on effects and related molecular mechanisms of COMP- Ang1 on ROS-induced acute lung injury. We used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-inhaled mice to evaluate the effect of COMP-Ang1 on pulmonary inflammation, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and vascular leakage in acute lung injury. The results have revealed that VEGF expression, the levels of IL-4, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in lungs, the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and NF-kappa B in nuclear protein extracts, phosphorylation of Akt, and vascular permeability were increased after inhalation of H2O2 and that the administration of COMP-Ang1 markedly reduced airway hyper-responsiveness, pulmonary inflammation, plasma extravasation, and the increases of cytokines, adhesion molecules, and VEGF in lungs treated with H2O2. We have also found that the activation of HIF-1a and NF-kappa B and the increase of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity in lung tissues after H2O2 inhalation were decreased by the administration of COMP-Ang1. These results suggest that COMP-Ang1 ameliorates ROS-induced acute lung injury through attenuating vascular leakage and modulating inflammatory mediators.
Acute Lung Injury/chemically induced/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Administration, Inhalation ; Airway Resistance/drug effects ; Animals ; Bronchial Hyperreactivity/drug therapy/etiology ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Capillary Permeability/*drug effects ; Cytokines/antagonists & inhibitors ; Female ; Hydrogen Peroxide/adverse effects ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/antagonists & inhibitors ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors ; Pneumonia/*drug therapy/etiology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/*administration & dosage ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study of exogenous substances on the germination rate of Platycodon grandiflorum and offer the basis for the standardized culture of P. grandiflorum.

METHODAt 25 degrees C, under darkness and lightness, do pretreatmeats on seeds by using GA3, H2O2, KMnO4, PEG at different concentrations.

RESULTThe results indicated that the pretreatments with GA3 at a concentrating of 50-250 mg x L(-1) and 1%-2% of H2O2 could increase germination of P. grandiflorum seed at a certain degree. Contrariwise 0.1%-0.5% of KMnO4 and 15%-35% of PEG inhibited the germination.

CONCLUSIONPretreatment with 50-250 mg x L(-1)GA3 and H2O2 at a low cencontration could increase the seed germination of P. grandiflorum.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Germination ; physiology ; Gibberellins ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Light ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; physiology ; Platycodon ; growth & development ; physiology ; Polyethylene Glycols ; pharmacology ; Potassium Permanganate ; pharmacology ; Seeds ; growth & development ; physiology

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by neutrophils are closely correlated with the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory skin diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the amount of reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide) generated by neutrophils from patients with acne inflammation decrease after oral administration of standard doses of isotretinoin. Method: In order to measure neutrophil hydrogen peroxide production, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, neutrophil stimulant), was added to whole blood. Intracellular dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence of neutrophils was determined by flow cytometry. In order to assess treatment efficacy, we used a Global Acne Grading Score (GAGS) and assessed the efficacy based on examinations at baseline and week 8. Results: Patients with acne inflammation showed a significantly increased level of hydrogen peroxide produced by neutrophils compared to healthy controls. Patients with acne inflammation treated with isotretinoin showed a significant decrease in the ability of neutrophils to produce hydrogen peroxide in accordance with a clinical improvement of acne lesions. Conclusion: Our result shows that the generation of ROS which induce a chemical insult to the integrity of the follicular epithelium in acne, can be suppressed in isotretinoin-treated acne patients.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Administration, Oral ; Epithelium ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide* ; Hydrogen* ; Inflammation ; Isotretinoin* ; Neutrophils* ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Skin Diseases ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate ; Treatment Outcome