Gliomas are the most common central nervous system tumours; they are highly aggressive and have a poor prognosis. RGS16 belongs to the regulator of G-protein signalling (RGS) protein family, which plays an important role in promoting various cancers, such as breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. Moreover, previous studies confirmed that let-7c-5p, a well-known microRNA, can act as a tumour suppressor to regulate the progression of various tumours by inhibiting the expression of its target genes. However, whether RGS16 can promote the progression of glioma and whether it is regulated by miR let-7c-5p are still unknown. Here, we confirmed that RGS16 is upregulated in glioma tissues and that high expression of RGS16 is associated with poor survival. Ectopic deletion of RGS16 significantly suppressed glioma cell proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, RGS16 was validated as a direct target gene of miR let-7c-5p. The overexpression of miR let-7c-5p obviously downregulated the expression of RGS16, and knocking down miR let-7c-5p had the opposite effect. Thus, we suggest that the suppression of RGS16 by miR let-7c-5p can promote glioma progression and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in glioma.
Humans ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Glioma/genetics* ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Cell Line, Tumor

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemic characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Mengla County， Yunnan Province， so as to provide basis for formulating corresponding prevention and control measures. MethodsThe data of foodborne disease outbreaks in Mengla County， Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2021 in the national "foodborne disease outbreak monitoring system" were collected. The time， population， region， place， pathogenic factors and inducing links of the events were statistically analyzed. ResultsFrom 2017 to 2021， a total of 68 incidents were reported， including 526 cases and 5 deaths. The total incidence rate was 23.40% and the case fatality rate was 0.95%. The peak period was from May to July， with the largest number of reported events in July. The reporting areas were mainly Mengla Town （35.29%）， Guanlei Town （11.76%） and Mengpeng Town （10.29%）. The main place of the incident was family （76.47%）. The main pathogenic factors were plant toxins （79.41%）， mainly through the ingestion of wild mushrooms （68.52%）， improper processing of green beans （12.96%） and aconitum （9.26%）. ConclusionAccording to the epidemiological characteristics of Mengla County， we should focus on the public education of health knowledge in key areas and places， especially on the identification of wild mushrooms， to prevent accidental eating. At the same time， we should strengthen the monitoring and risk assessment of foodborne diseases， find potential risks as soon as possible， issue early warning and forecast in time， and constantly improve the clinical treatment ability of poisoned patients.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the treatment of periodontitis in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and to provide better treatment for patients with T2DM complicated with periodontitis. Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, and Wanfang databases were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RevMan 5.3 was applied for the meta-analysis, and a systematic evaluation was conducted. Results: A total of 8 RCTs were included. The results showed that compared to simple subgingival scaling and root planing (SRP), aPDT assisted SRP had a better effect on improving the probing depth (PD) at 3 months after treatment, The difference was statistically significant [WMD=-0.32,95%CI（-0.45, -0.2）, P < 0.05], but 6 months after treatment, there was no significant difference in the two groups [ WMD=-0.15,95%CI（-0.40, 0.10）,P=0.23]. During the 6-month follow-up period, there were no significant differences in the clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion aPDT-assisted periodontal nonsurgical treatment in T2DM patients can improve PD in the short term but has no significant effect on the improvement of CAL, BOP and HbA1c.

Objective:To study the predictive value of the amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) within 6 hours and 3 days after birth and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) on the adverse neurobehavioral development of asphyxiated preterm infants at the correction age of 6 months.Methods:From December 2017 to June 2019, 50 asphyxiated preterm infants who were delivered at the obstetrical department transferred to the division of neonatology in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were monitored by aEEG within 6 hours after birth, then once a day for at least 4 h. MRI was administered at 40 weeks of corrected age, neuromotor developmental function of the infants was assessed by the Geisel developmental diagnostic scale at 6 months of corrected age, then the infants were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group according to the assessment results. SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The software of SPSS 19.0 was used to analyze the data.Independent sample t-test and χ 2 test were used to analyze the difference between the two groups.The relationship between aEEG grading and MRI, and their predictive value for adverse neurobehavioral development were analyzed at 6 months of corrected age. Results:The degree of white matter damage( H=24.896) and intracranical hemorrhage( H=29.245) of premature infants with different aEEG clinical grades were different (both P<0.01) on MRI. The sensitivity of aEEG within 6 hours and 3 days after birth on predicting poor prognosis was 96.2% and 97.8%, the specificity was 56.2% and 62.5%, the negative predictive value was 98.2% and 99.0%, the positive predictive value was 37.8% and 52.3%, the correct index was 52.4% and 60.3%, respectively. The aEEG was combined with MRI, the sensitivity (90.0%, 97.0%), specificity (89.0%, 99.0%), negative predictive value (99.2%, 99.5%), positive predictive value (80.6%, 88.5%), and correct index (79%, 96%) were all improved. Conclusion:The combination of aEEG grading and MRI can improve the prognostic value on neurodevelopmental prognosis, and provide a better evaluation basis for clinical follow-up and intervention of asphyxiated premature infants with brain injury.

Objective To undertake a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of olanzapine combined with fluoxetine in the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Methods Articles published before May 31, 2017 were identified by searching the PubMed, Medline,Web of science excerpta medica database (EMBASE), Cochrane Library,China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang data, using the key words fluoxetine, olanzapine, schizophren* and schizophrenia. Statistical analysis were conducted by Review Manager 5.3 software according to Cochrane Handbook for meta analysis. Result A total of 5 randomized,controlled studies were included(3 Chinese and 2 English). Meta analysis showed that the efficacy of olanzapine combined with fluoxetine (combination group) in the treatment of the negative symptoms in schizophrenia was not significant difference from olanzapine alone (standradization of mean difference(SMD)=-0.61,95% CI:-1.30~0.08,P=0.08).Due to the high heterogeneity of the five studies (I2=83%>75%), Subgroup analysis which was conducted in three domestic research revealed that combination group exhibited a better efficacy in the treatment of negative symptoms in negative symptoms predominant schizophrenia (defined as score of PANSS negative subscale >30)(SMD=-1.19, 95% CI:-1.52~-0.86, P<0.01) and a lower risk to develop weight gain (SMD=0.28, 95% CI:0.13~0.57, P<0.01). Conclusion Domestic studies have provided the initial evidence that olanzapine in combination with fluoxetine is more effective and has a lower risk of weight gain than olanzapine alone in the treatment of negative symptoms for schizophrenics..

Objective:To examine the expression of IQGAP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its effect on vasculogenic mimicry(VM). Methods:Immunohistochemical staining was performed to investigate the expression of IQGAP1.CD31/PAS double staining was per-formed to detect VM and analyze the correlation of IQGAP1 and VM.HepG2 cells were transfected with an IQGAP1 overexpression plasmid to induce exogenous expression of IQGAP1,and an IQGAP1 knockdown plasmid was transfected into SMMC7721 cells to re-duce IQGAP1 levels.The expression of cancer stem cell markers CD133,CD44,Sox2,and ALDH1 was analyzed by Western blot and compared with that in the control.Cellular functional experiments were used to determine the role of IQGAP1 in promoting cancer cells' ability of invasiveness and migration, proliferation, and VM formation. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that IQGAP1 was mainly located in the cell membrane and/or cytoplasm,and the staining intensity was correlated with tumor grade,me-tastasis,and VM(P<0.05).Cells transfected with the overexpression plasmid showed enhanced CD133,CD44,Sox2,and ALDH1 levels due to the increase in IQGAP1 and exhibited increased invasion ability,proliferation,and VM formation.In the SMMC7721 cells trans-fected with the knockdown plasmid,CD133,CD44,Sox2,and ALDH1 levels were decreased and motility was inhibited.Conclusions:IQGAP1 supports malignant behavior in hepatocellular carcinoma and may promote VM by increasing stemness.

Objective To explore whether hypoxia could promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in various differentiated colorectal cancer cells, and analyse the effect of hypoxia on invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells. Methods HCT116 (poorly differentiated) and HT-29 (highly differentiated) colorectal adenocarcinoma cells were selected respectively. The morphological changes of two cell lines were observed after 0,10,25,50,100 and 150 mg/L cobalt chloride (CoCl2) treatment for 48 h. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) protein was analysed after 0, 10,25,50,100 and 150 mg/L CoCl2 treatment for 48 h. An optimal concentration of CoCl2 was then selected. Methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to detect the proliferation of two kinds of colorectal cancer cells induced by CoCl 2 at different time points (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h), and to select an optimal time. Under the optimal concentration and time conditions, the HCT116 and HT-29 cells were processed by hypoxia (hypoxia group) and normoxia (normoxic group). Transwell invasion assay and Wound healing assay were used to detect cell invasion and migration in two groups. Western blot assay and RT-PCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression levels of HIF-1α, E-cadherin and Vimentin in two groups. Results Two kinds of cells showed obvious morphological changes after 50 mg/L CoCl2 treatment for 48 h. HIF-1αprotein level first increased and then decreased in two groups of cells with the increased concentration of CoCl 2, and 50 mg/L CoCl2 was the optimal concentration (P<0.05). The cell proliferation showed a tendency to decrease after the increase in both kinds of cells with or without hypoxia for 0-96 h (P<0.05), and 48 h was the optimal time. The transmembrane number and cell migration rate were significantly more in hypoxia group than those of normoxic group (P<0.05). The protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1α and Vimentin were significantly higher in hypoxia group than those of normoxic group in HCT116 and HT-29 cell lines (P<0.05). E-cadherin protein and mRNA levels were significantly lower in hypoxia group than those of normoxic group (P<0.05). Conclusion Hypoxia can promote EMT in different differentiated colorectal cancer cells, and can enhance invasion and migration of two kinds of colorectal cancer cells.

Objective:To discuss the influence of ALDH1+and CD133+phenotypic breast cancer stem-like cells in TA2 triple negative breast cancer on promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurrence in TA2 mice with triple-negative breast cancer and on their biological behavior. Methods:Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the markers ALDH1 and CD133 in TA2 mice triple nega-tive breast cancer and breast cancer stem-like cells with ALDH1+, ALDH1?, CD133+, and CD133?phenotypes, which were sorted out. Then, the TA2 mice were inoculated with sorted tumor cells according to cell type. The mice were divided into ALDH1+, ALDH1?, CD133+, and CD133-groups. The tumor-growing conditions were observed. A tumor tissue was sliced for the immunohistochemical testing of ALDH1?, CD133?, and EMT-related Twist1, E-cadherin, and VE-cadherin proteins. The expression difference of breast cancer stem cell surface markers ALDH1 and CD133 in triple-negative breast cancer and EMT-related proteins Twist1, E-cadherin, and VE-cad-herin was analyzed. Results:The expression rates of breast cancer stem cell markers ALDH1 and CD133 in TA2 mice triple negative breast cancer were 31.2%and 6.5%, respectively. The tumor growth ability of TA2 mice from ALDH1+group was obviously stronger than that from ALDH1?group. The CD133+group was evidently stronger than CD133?group. The immunohistochemical results showed that ALDH1, Twist1, and VE-cadherin expression levels in the ALDH1+group were evidently higher than that in the ALDH1?group (all P<0.05). E-cadherin expression decreased (P<0.05). CD133?, Twist1, and VE-cadherin expression levels in CD133+group were higher than that in CD133?group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:In TA2 mice triple negative breast cancer, ALDH1+and CD133+phenotypic breast cancer stem-like cells may influence the expression of EMT-related proteins, and promote the formation of triple-negative breast cancer.

Objective To optimize and establish the methodology for culturing and inducing differentiation of mouse preadipocytes 3T3-L1. Methods The mouse cells 3T3-L1 were incubated in DMEM medium contained with 10%FBS, during which the incubation medium was refreshed every 2 to 3 days. Two methods were used to introduce differentiation, including three-drug combination group and four-drug combination group. The protocol of mediumⅠin three-drug combination group including insulin 10 mg/L, IBMX 0.5 mmol/L and DEX 1.0μmol/L. The protocol of mediumⅠin four-drug combination group including indometacin 0.1 mmol/L based on those of three-drug combination group. Both of them were incubated for 2 days and continuous for 2 times. And medium Ⅱ included insulin 10 mg/L for 2-day culturing and continuous for 2 times. Oil red O staining was used to observe the morphological changes of two groups of cells before and after treatment under inverted microscope. Results Mouse preadipocytes 3T3-L1 appeared in good conditions and grew in a paving stone fashion. These cells covered homogeneously the bottom of incubators, the culture medium refreshed every 2 days. The results of four-drug combination group were better than those of three-drug combination group. After three-drug combination induced differentiation, there was no significant change in cell morphology. Comparing with three-drug combination induced differentiation, four-drug combination was successfully achieved in over 90% of the cell inducing, which were round-shaped, with jacinth ester droplets by oil-red O staining. Conclusion We have optimized the method for culturing and inducing differentiation of mouse preadipocytes 3T3-L1 by adding indometacin on the basis of the three-drug combination induced differentiation.