Objective:To explore the different reaction patterns among family caregivers of patients with advanced gynecological malignancies, and to analyze the influencing factors of different profiles.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 210 family caregivers of patients with advanced gynecological malignancies from Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in Shanghai from January 2022 to December 2022. Data were collected by Caregiver Reaction Assessment, Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale-Family Member Form and Perceived Social Support Scale. Latent profile analysis was used to explore the different reaction patterns among family caregivers of patients with advanced gynecological malignancies. The influencing factors of caregiver reaction were identified by multivariate Logistic regression.Results:Totally 208 questionnaires were effectively collected. The family caregivers among patients with advanced gynecological malignancies included 163 males and 45 females, aged (53.89 ± 12.61) years old. The reaction characteristics of 208 family caregivers among patients with advanced gynecological malignancies were divided into three categories: low burden and high benefit group (24.5%, 51/208), moderate burden and benefit group (30.8%, 64/208), and high burden and low benefit group (44.7%, 93/208). Compared to the low burden and high benefit group, caregivers with lower levels of social support were more likely to be classified as moderate burden and benefit group, high burden and low benefit group ( OR = 0.563, 0.407, both P<0.01). Caregivers with moderate burden and benefit group, high burden and low benefit group had higher levels of disease uncertainty ( OR = 1.328, 2.064, both P<0.01). The caregiver′s age, monthly family income, education level, and co-caregivers were also influencing factors regarding to care reaction among family caregivers of patients with advanced gynecological malignancies ( OR values were 0.207-6.422, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The care reaction of family caregivers among patients with advanced gynecological malignancies has obvious categorical features. Healthcare professionals should implement targeted nursing interventions according to their reaction characteristics, so as to reduce the care burden of family caregivers and improve the quality of care for patients with advanced gynecological malignancies.

Objective With the focus on emerging infectious diseases and diseases of unknown cause,the study aims to realize multi-point trigger monitoring of infectious diseases through key monitoring sites and key populations.Methods Using ar-tificial intelligence,deep learning,big data and other information technologies to build an intelligent information center for infec-tious diseases with patients'disease files as the core,construct a core capacity of infectious disease surveillance,early warning and situation prediction,and predict and evaluate the importance of infectious disease warning signals.Results The system cov-ered 1 425 primary-level medical institutions,18 hospitals,2 580+schools,4 134 pharmacies,4 laboratories and civil affairs departments,detected 55 kinds of infectious diseases and 6 kinds of syndrome monitoring signals.Since its launch,121 000 ac-tive notification cards have been issued,more than 54 000 new notification cards have been added,35.256 million times of multi-source monitoring and 14.4 million disease files have been recorded.Conclusion By expanding monitoring content and chan-nels,we realized early monitoring,auxiliary investigation and multi-mode visual early warning of infectious diseases,built a multi-point trigger mechanism,and moved forward the infectious disease surveillance.

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common malignant tumor in the world,and in China it is the fourth most common malignant tumor and the second cause of cancer mortality.In China,most HCC patients are already in the advanced stage when the clinical diagnosis of HCC is confirmed,and it is impossible to adopt a radical treatment for the patient.At present,transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)has become the mainstream therapeutic option for unresectable HCC,and hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy(HAIC),as a new therapeutic option,has attracted extensive attention.This article reviews the research progress in TACE combined with HAIC for the treatment of HCC,and obtains the following conclusions:TACE combined with HAIC has better efficacy than TACE along in patients with unresectable HCC of BCLC stage C,massive HCC,and portal venous invasion,but there is no significant difference in the therapeutic efficacy between TACE combined with HAIC and TACE alone for patients with HCC of BCLC stage A/B.It is expected that this review will provide effective recommendations for treating HCC patients in clinical practice,further standardize TACE treatment and later-stage HAIC treatment,and provide the basis for the design of relevant clinical studies.

Objective:To explore therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of puerarin(PUE)in treating of ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods:Network pharmacology and molecular docking technique were used to screen and analyze targets of PUE in regulating UC.C57BL/6 mice were given free access to 2.5%DSS aqueous solution for 7 days,and influence of PUE on changes in body weight and disease activity index(DAI)score were subsequently observed.Histopathological alterations of colon tissue were observed by HE staining,changes of goblet cell population in colon tissue were evaluated through Alcian blue staining;expressions of inflammatory factors in colon tissue were detected by qRT-PCR and ELISA.Effect of PUE on MODE-K cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by CCK-8 and flow cytometry.Results:A total of 38 common targets of PUE in modulating UC,such as AKT1,TNF,STAT3,CASP3,HIF1A and etc,mainly involving TNF,IL-17 and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.In vivo experiments confirmed that PUE ameliorated degree of colon shortening,body weight and DAI scores and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in mice.Besides,expressions of inflammatory factors in colon,such as TNF-α and IL-1β,were inhibited by PUE.Furthermore,in vitro experiments validated that PUE relieved DSS-induced apoptosis of epithelial cells.Conclusion:PUE alleviates occurrence and development of DSS-induced UC in mice.

Objective To explore cross-talk elimination method in the determination of gross α and gross β activities using a low-background α/β gas-flow proportional counter. Methods A CLB-104 low-background α/β gas-flow proportional counter was used in this study. First, the α threshold was increased to eliminate the cross-talk counting caused by β particles in the α channel. Then, the α-β anticoincidence threshold was reduced to eliminate the cross-talk counting induced by low-energy α particles in the β channel, and β counts were corrected to eliminate the counts induced by internal convention electrons in the β channel. Finally, gross α and gross β activities of non-saline water samples with different activity levels were determined and compared with gross α and gross β activities of the same samples determined on a BH1227 low-background α/β solid scintillation counter, in order to verify effectiveness of the cross-talk elimination method. Results By eliminating the cross-talk counts of β particles in the α channel and the cross-talk counts of α particles in the β channel, and deducting the counts of internal convention electrons in the β channel, the gross α and gross β activities of the same samples determined by CLB-104 were consistent with the values determined by BH1227. Conclusion Cross-talk counts induced by low-energy α particles or β particles can be eliminated by threshold adjustment, and the counts caused by internal convention electrons in the β channel can be eliminated by correction.

Objective·To study the relationship between evolution and the developmental process from the perspective of DNA sequence conservation,and explore their inherent principles.Methods·First,conservation rate(CR)was established by analyzing the conservation of amino acid sequences of coding genes in 100 species to quantify the evolutionary conservation of genes.The relationship between CR and developmental potential was verified by using the feature genes involved in embryonic stem cells pathways.Secondly,cell type-specific genes and their characteristics in conservation were studied by analyzing the RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)data of the three early germ layers(ectoderm,mesoderm and endoderm)and their corresponding mature organs(brain,heart,liver,etc).Then,chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq)data of enhancer histone H3 acetylated at lysine 27(H3K27ac)from early germ layers and mature organs were collected to search for enhancer sites and identify super enhancers in various cells and tissues by using the ROSE procedure.Functional enrichment and signaling pathway analysis of genes was used to examine the identity correlation between SEs-regulated genes and the corresponding cell characteristics,to clarify whether the SEs identified in this study were consistent with the characteristics reported in previous studies.Finally,PhastCons program was used to calculate the DNA conservation score(CS)of non-coding regulatory regions to study their relationship with developmental potential.Results·In the coding region of DNA,CR was successfully established to quantify the conservation of genes.The gene expression data of early germ layers and mature organs showed that the genes with higher conservation rate were more relevant to the stemness and early developmental process,and the differences between the tissues from early and late development could be distinguished by using CR.In the non-coding regions of DNA,it was found that the conservation of regulatory regions was also correlated with development.The CS of the SE sequences in the early developmental germ layers was significantly higher than that of the SE sequences in the corresponding mature organs.However,cell-specific typical enhancers(TEs)did not show such a trend.Conclusion·During the developmental process,CR of genes expressed in the coding region decreases,and CS of super-enhancer DNA in the non-coding region decreases.

Platelets are important non-nucleated blood cells. Besides their role in thrombosis and hemostasis, there has been a growing focus on the immune regulatory function of platelets in recent years. Platelets have the capacity to sense the presence of pathogens and the inflammatory conditions within the body, which enables them to be activated and engage in both the body′s innate and acquired immune responses. Therefore, platelets play a crucial role in the development of various diseases, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, and infections, and tumor evasion. This paper mainly reviewed the immune regulatory mechanisms of platelets and their involvement in different diseases.

Objective:To focus on the publicity of medical research in medical colleges and universities in the new era, analyze the current practices and problems, and think how to promote scientific and technological innovation in medical colleges and universities.Methods:Through case analysis and data statistics, suggestions were put forward for medical colleges and universities to further promote medical research publicity by using the example of Peking University Health Science Center.Results:Strengthening medical scientific research publicity is part of the national development strategy as well as the high-quality development of medical colleges and universities.Peking University Health Science Center does well in meeting the new development requirements and makes solid progress from the perspective of the content, topics, characters and platforms of scientific research publicity, but there is still room for improving management, popularizing fundamental research achievements and raising social impact.Conclusions:Scientific research publicity is an important aspect of scientific research management. It is suggested to promote the role of scientific research publicity in scientific research management of medical colleges and universities from the aspects of improving management mode, strengthening correct orientation, improving content quality, establishing brand thinking, and making good use of integrated communication, so as to promote the innovative and high-quality development of medical research, and better serve the national scientific and technological development and construction of Healthy China.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of Tuina combined hot compress in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH).Methods:A total of 90 patients with LDH low back and leg pain in Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2019 to June 2020 were divided into two groups, 45 in each group. The control group was treated with Aceclofenac Sustained-release Tablets and Mecobalamin, and the observation group was treated with Tuina combined hot compress. Both groups were treated for 1 month and followed up 6 months. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the degree of pain. The Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) was used to evaluate the recovery of lumbar function, and the improvement of daily activities of patients after treatment was evaluated. The conduction velocity of tibial nerve motor conduction velocity (TNMCV) and common peroneal nerve motor conduction velocity (CPNMCV) were measured by electromyography. The clinical effect was evaluated.Results:After 6 months of follow-up, the response rate of the observation group was 51.1% (23/45) and that of the control group was 28.9% (13/45) ( χ2=3.98, P=0.046). The VAS score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=11.26, P<0.01). The ODI scores at 1 month after treatment and 6 months after follow-up were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 7.19, 18.30, respectively, all Ps<0.001). The observation group 1 month after CPNMCV treatment and 6 months of follow-up ( t=2.08, 1.99), 1 month after TNMCV treatment and 6 months of follow-up ( t values were 2.46, 2.12, respectively) were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Tuina combined with hot compress can improve the nerve conduction velocity of lower limbs, relieve the symptoms of low back and leg pain in patients after LDH operation.

The heparin polysaccharide nanoparticles block the interaction between heparan sulfate/S protein and inhibit the infection of both wild-type SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and the mutated strains through pulmonary delivery.Image 1.