Objective: To assess the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Beijing City and to analyze the related factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in a targeted manner. Methods: Based on the 2021 Beijing Student Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors Surveillance Project, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a physical examination and questionnaire survey on 25 487 primary and secondary school students from September to November 2021. The Chi square test was used for comparison of nutritional status detection rates, and disordered multi classification Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors associated with students nutritional status. Results: The detection rates of malnutrition, overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Beijing City were 4.7%, 18.0% and 23.8% respectively. The detection rates of malnutrition, overweight and obesity were higher among male students (5.1%, 20.4%, 29.7%) than female students (4.2%, 15.5%, 17.4%) ( χ 2= 12.23, 101.71, 526.99, P <0.01). The detection rate of obesity was higher in the suburbs than urban areas(26.6%, 19.8%), and the detection rate of malnutrition was lower in the suburbs than urban areas (4.2%,5.5%)( χ 2=157.25, 23.61, P <0.01). The results of disordered multi classification Logistic regression showed that the related factors for malnutrition, overweight and obesity were gender, residence, moderate to vigorous exercise ≥60 min per day and lack of sleep( OR =1.70, 1.88,2.48; 1.14, 0.87, 0.67; 0.85, 0.92, 0.81 ; 0.83, 1.08, 1.07); frequency of fried food intake daily was a related factor for overweight ( OR =0.70); whether eating breakfast daily or not was a related factor for overweight and obesity ( OR =0.91, 0.84); academic level (middle and high school) was a related factor for malnutrition and obesity ( OR =1.38, 1.37; 0.77, 1.40)( P <0.05). Conclusions The problem of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Beijing City continues to be serious, especially among boys and suburban areas. It is recommended that society, schools, families and individuals should work together to improve the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students by adopting a graded and classified approach.

Objective: To study the correlation between electronic screen use and myopia among primary and secondary school students in six provinces and cities in China, in order to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive prevention and control of myopia. Methods: From November 2020 to June 2022, a total of 16 557 primary and secondary school students from six provinces and cities in China (Beijing City, Liaoning Province, Zhejiang Province, Henan Province, Shaanxi Province, Chongqing City) were selected by stratified cluster random sampling and probability smampling methods, and a questionnaire prepared by Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention was used to investigate their electronic screen use. According to Screening Criteria for Myopia in Children and Adolescents, 0.5% mass concentration of compound topicamide eye drops was used to paralyze the ciliary muscle and undergo slit lamp optometry. Chisquare test was used to compare the differences between groups, and binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between electronic screen use and myopia. Results: About 58.3% of primary and secondary school students used electronic screens for more than two hours a day on average, and 63.4% of primary and secondary school students used continuously electronic products for more than 15 minutes at a time for nonstudy purposes. After adjusting for confounding factors, parents unrestricted use of electronic screen time and electronic screen time ≥2 h/d were positively correlated with myopia (OR=1.27, 1.13, P<0.05). Gender stratified analysis showed that boys who used electronic screen time ≥2 h/d had a higher risk of myopia (OR=1.15, P<0.05). The results of grade stratification analysis showed that parents unrestricted electronic screen use time and electronic screen time ≥2 h/d were positively correlated with myopia in the lower grade of primary school students (OR=1.34, 1.18, P<0.05). Among the higher grade of primary school students, continuous use of electronic screens for nonstudy purposes for more than 15 minutes at one time was positively correlated with myopia (OR=1.18, P<0.05). There was a multiplicative interaction between total screen time and one continuous screen time (OR=1.04, P<0.05). Conclusions Primary and secondary students in six provinces and cities in China reports excessive electronic screen usage which is associated with myopia. Schools and parents should jointly limit the use of electronic screen among primary and secondary students to reduce the occurrence of myopia.

AIM:To investigate the impact of honokiol(HKL),an activator of silent information regulator 3(SIRT3),on postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)in mice,and to explore the potential mechanisms.METHODS:Ten-month-old male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into control(Con)group,surgical(Sur)group and Sur+HKL group(n=10).The mice in Sur+HKL group were intraperitoneally injected with HKL for 7 d before modeling.The mice in Sur and Sur+HKL groups underwent tibial fracture open reduction and internal fixation to establish the POCD model.The assessment of cognitive function was conducted using the open-field test(OFT),novel object recognition test(NORT),Morris water maze test(MWMT),and Y-maze test(YMT).Nissl staining was employed to assess the morphology,struc-ture and vitality of hippocampal and cortical neurons in mice.The protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11),acyl coenzyme A synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4),SIRT3 and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(NRF2)in the mouse hippocampus was detected by Western blot,while im-munofluorescence staining was utilized to determine GPX4 level in mouse neurons.RESULTS:No statistically signifi-cant differences were observed among the groups in terms of total distance moved and central zone exploration during the OFT(P>0.05).However,the results from the NORT and YMT indicated that the mice in Sur group exhibited significant-ly lower recognition indexes,reduced alternation rates(P<0.01),and decreased percentages of entries and crossing time into the new arm after side arm blockade(P<0.01),when compared with Con group.Furthermore,the mice in Sur group demonstrated a slower decrease in latency during the learning period of MWMT,while significantly lower latency,fewer crossing number and lower percentage of time in the target quadrant were observed during the testing period of MWMT(P<0.01).The above indicators were obviously enhanced in Sur+HKL group compared with Sur group(P<0.01).The results of Nissl staining indicated lighter neuronal staining in the hippocampal CA1 region and medial prefrontal cortex in Sur group,accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of Nissl-stained positive neurons(P<0.01).Notably,HKL pretreatment demonstrated a significant improvement in neuronal vitality.Analysis of Western blot revealed that compared with Con group,the expression of SIRT3,GPX4,SLC7A11 and NRF2 in Sur group was significantly reduced,while the expression of ACSL4 was significantly increased(P<0.05).However,these alterations were reversed after treatment with HKL(P<0.05).Immunofluorescence staining of hippocampal neurons corroborated the findings from Western blot analy-sis,demonstrating a notable decrease in GPX4 expression in hippocampal neurons of Sur group,which was significantly restored after HKL pretreatment(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Treatment with HKL attenuates POCD in mice,potentially through its inhibitory effect on hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis.

Objective:To construct a core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses.Methods:This study is a cross-sectional study. A preliminary draft of the core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses was developed through literature review and expert group coordination from June to November 2022. The core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses was established using the Delphi method for expert consultation and the analytic hierarchy process.Results:A total of 54 experts from 11 hospitals and four medical schools in 10 provinces and municipalities directly under the central government across the country were included in two rounds of expert consultation. The effective response rates of the questionnaire were all 100%, with an expert authority coefficient of 0.90, Kendall coordination coefficients of 0.089 to 0.179 and 0.101 to 0.176 ( P<0.01). The final established core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses included seven primary indicators and 69 secondary indicators. Conclusions:The core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses is comprehensive and has the characteristics of specialized oncology nursing, and the construction process is scientific and reliable, laying the foundation for future training of oncology advanced practice nurses.

Objective: To explore the association between reading and writing posture with the occurrence of myopia in Chinese children and adolescents, so as to provide a reference for reducing its prevalence among primary and secondary school students. Methods: Using data from the 2020 survey on the current status of hyperopia reserve in primary and secondary school students from six provinces/cities, namely Beijing, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Shaanxi, Liaoning, and Henan selected by multi stage stratified cluster probability sampling method during November 2020 to June 2022. A total 16 782 students who completed the optometry examination of cycloplegia according to the Children and Adolescents Myopia Screening Standard and questionnaire survey were included for analyzing analyze the association between reading and writing posture with myopia. Results: The overall detection rate of myopia among primary and secondary school students was 45.7%, of which 35.0% were primary school students, 84.1% junior high school students, and 90.4% senior high school students. Poor reading and writing posture was found in 73.6% of primary and secondary school students. Adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, school period, region, outdoor time every day, and whether parents were myopic, the results of the multilevel Logistic regression showed that the following factors were positively correlated with myopia:poor reading and writing posture ( OR=1.17, 95%CI =1.07-1.28), never/occasionally reading and writing with a reading distance which was more than one foot away between the eyes and book ( OR=1.28, 95%CI=1.08-1.53, OR=1.23, 95%CI = 1.08- 1.40), teachers occasionally reminding the child of their reading and writing posture ( OR=1.13, 95%CI =1.01-1.25), and often/always reading and writing while lying down or with the face on the arm ( OR=1.15, 95%CI=1.01-1.32, OR=1.46, 95% CI = 1.17-1.82), always reading and writing with the head in the hand ( OR=1.56, 95%CI =1.20-2.01). Further, a negative correlation was detected between myopia and parents occasionally reminding their children of their reading and writing posture ( OR= 0.85 , 95%CI =0.76-0.96) ( P <0.05). Conclusion Poor reading and writing posture is a risk factor for the development of myopia in primary and secondary school students, and interventions for reading and writing posture need to be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of myopia among primary and secondary school students.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of acupuncture at opposite acupoints on expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in rats with skeletal muscle contusion, and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture at opposite acupoints on skeletal muscle contusion.

METHODSFifty-four Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a blank group (6 rats), a model group (24 rats) and an opposing needling group (24 rats). The model group and opposing needling group were further divided into 1-day subgroup, 3-day subgroup, 5-day subgroup and 7-day subgroup, 6 rats in each one. No intervention was given in the blank group, while the model of skeletal muscle contusion was established in the model group and opposing needling group by self-made contusion device. 24 hours after contusion, electroacupuncture (EA) was applied at "Zusanli" (ST 36) and the corresponding points ofpoints at health side for 15 min, once a day. The subgroups of opposing needling group were treated for 1 day, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days, respectively. No treatment was given in the model group. Samples were collected in the subgroups 1 day, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days after treatment. The morphological change of injured gastrocnemius muscle was observed by using microscope after HE staining. The positive cell rate of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of HGF protein and PCNA protein were observed by Western blot.

RESULTS① The results of HE staining showed that, 1 day after contusion, the inflammatory cells of gastrocnemius muscle in the opposing needling group were less than those in the model group; 3 days and 5 days after contusion, myoblasts and myotubes in the opposing needling group were more than those in the model group; 7 days after contusion, the neonatal muscle cells in the opposing needling group were more than those in the model group. ② The results of immunohistochemistry showed that, 1 day, 3 days and 5 days after contusion, the positive cell rate of PCNA in the opposing needling group was significantly higher than that in the model group (all<0.001); 7 days after contusion, the positive cell rate of PCNA in the opposing needling group was significantly less than that in the model group (<0.001). ③ The results of Western blot showed that, 1 day, 3 days and 5 days after contusion, the expression of HGF protein and PCNA protein in the opposing needling group was significantly higher than that in the model group (all<0.05); 7 days after contusion, the expression of HGF protein and PCNA protein in the opposing needling group was significantly lower than that in the model group (all<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at opposite acupoints could regulate the expression of HGF and promote the activation, proliferation, migration and differentiation of muscle satellite cells in rats with skeletal muscle contusion, which could speed up the process of skeletal muscle injury repair.

Objective To detect the expression of Fas and FasL in ropivacaine-induced rat phechromocytoma (PC12)cells apoptosis and the mechanism of its neurotoxicity.Methods PC12 cells were treated with different concentrations of ropivacaine (0.1,0.5,1,2,and 4 mmol/L)for 24 h to establish a cellular neurotoxicity model,and the cell viability were assessed by CCK-8.The cells were finally divided into 3 groups randomly:0.5 mmol/L group,2 mmol/L group and control group. After the cells were cultured for 24 h,morphological changes of cells were observed under optical mi-croscope (add the 1 mmol/L group),apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometer,the expression of Fas and FasL were assessed by immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the control group,the cell viability of 0.5 mmol/L and 2 mmol/L group decreased significantly (P<0.05),the cells exhibited obvious morphologic abnormalities (including the 1 mmol/L group),the apoptotic rate increased sig-nificantly (P<0.05),the expression of Fas and FasL increased significantly (P<0.05);Compared with 0.5 mmol/L group,the apoptotic rate and expression of Fas,FasL of 2 mmol/L group increased significantly (P<0.05).Conclusion Ropivacaine explosure induces apoptosis in PC12 cells,which might be related with the up-regulation of Fas/FasL.

Objective To observe the effects of massage on inflammation,oxidative stress and autophagy during the repair of acute contusion of skeletal muscles so as to explore its biological mechanisms.Methods Forty-two adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (n =6),a model group (n =18),and a treatment group (n =18).Acute contusion of the gastrocnemius muscles of the rats in the model and treatment groups was inflicted using a home-made impactor.Beginning forty-eight hours later,15 minutes of massage was administered daily for two weeks.After one,7 and 14 days of the massage treatment,the injured gastrocnemius was resected from 6 rats of both the model and treatment groups.Morphological changes were observed using haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.The serum content of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),interleukin1β (IL-1 β),C reactive protein (CRP) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The serum content of superoxide (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected using spectrophotometry.The expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3),Bcl-2 homeodomain protein Beclin1 and ubiquitin binding protein P62 were detected using Western blotting.Results The HE staining showed more significant collapse and swelling of cells in the model group than in the control group at each time point.New muscle cells were observed at days 7 and 14 in the model group.At each time point,significantly better recovery was observed in the treatment group compared to the model group,with more new muscle cells and better cell morphology.According to the ELISA results,a significant increase in serum pro-inflammatory factors occurred in the model group compared to the control group and compared to the treatment group after one day and 7 days of treatment.The average serum content of SOD and MDA in the model group was significantly higher than in the control group,while the average serum content of SOD in the treatment group was significantly higher than in the model group and that of MDA was significantly lower.Western blotting showed a significant decrease in LC3 (Ⅱ/Ⅰ) and Beclin1,as well as a significant increase in P62 in the model group at each time point compared with the treatment group and the controls.Conclusion Inflammation and oxidative stress increase significantly in a skeletal muscle after injury,but autophagy decreases significantly.Massage can effectively reduce the inflammatory response and oxidative stress and promote autophagy,which leads to quicker repair of skeletal muscles.

Objective To contribute the patient-centered nursing mode and discuss its influence on stress reaction at peri-operational period and postoperative rehabilitation of emmergency surgical patients. Methods A total of 108 emergency surgery patients admitted to Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital Affiliated of Hubei University of Medicine from January 2014 to January 2017 were enrolled as research subjects, and they were divided into an observation group and a control group according to difference in nursing modes, 54 cases in each group. During the peri-operational period, the patients in control group were given routine nursing mode, while in the observation group, the patients received patient-centered nursing mode. The blood pressure, heart rate and levels of various kinds of hormone (insulin, cortisol, epinephrine) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) before and after intervention were measured; the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) were used to evaluate the psychological stress changes; after operation, the rate of using analgesics, incidence of postoperative infection, Visual analogue scale (VAS), anus exhaust time, off-bed activity time and sleep quality scale scores were recorded to evaluate the quality of patients' postoperative rehabilitation. Results The diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, heart rate and levels of insulin, cortisol and IL-6 in two groups before operation and 2 hours after operation were significantly higher than those on admission, while the levels of epinephrine were lower than the level on admission, the degrees of increase or decrease of the observation group were slower than those of the control group, and the changes were more significant at 2 hours after operation [diastolic blood pressure (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) was 120.58±13.09 vs. 135.35±15.44, systolic blood pressure (mmHg) was 74.69±10.97 vs. 80.50±11.34, heart rate (bpm) was 83.47±11.64 vs. 92.59±12.00, insulin (mmol/L) was 12.58±1.62 vs. 15.96±1.46, cortisol (μg/L) was 128.72±20.53 vs. 140.47±21.58, epinephrine (ng/L) was 38.96±7.24 vs. 35.25±8.01, IL-6 (ng/L) was 157.64±27.06 vs.183.45±29.37, all P ＜ 0.05]. After interference, the HAMA and HAMD scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before intervention, and the degree of decrease in the observation group was more obvious (HAMA score: 11.58±2.16 vs. 16.74±2.80, HAMD score: 9.42±2.03 vs. 13.38±2.71, both P ＜ 0.05); the rate of using analgetic [25.93% (14/54) vs. 57.41% (31/54)], incidence of postoperative infection [3.70% (2/54) vs. 16.67% (9/54)], VAS scores (4.63±1.21 vs. 6.87±1.74), anus exhaust time (days: 1.53±0.33 vs. 1.86±0.26), off-bed activity time (days: 1.57±0.19 vs. 1.72±0.24) and sleep quality scale scores (5.84±2.07 vs. 9.33±2.39) in observation group were significantly less than those in control group (all P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The contribution and application of patient-centered nursing mode in treating emmergency surgery patients during peri-operational period is helpful to ameliorate the patients' degree of physiological and psychological stress reactions, and this mode has important significance in promoting the quality of patients' postoperative rehabilitation.

Irrespective of physiological or pathological skeletal muscle atrophy, the endocrine and motor functions of skeletal muscle are impaired. The mechanism of acupuncture to prevent and treat skeletal muscle atrophy is not only related to classical protein synthesis and decomposition, but also involves apoptosis, autophagy, muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation, muscle fiber type conversion, neuromuscular junction conduction, and cell energy metabolism conversion.