Methods:A total of 392 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were selected from the population of the epidemiological investigation project of allergic diseases in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. The project was led by Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, and assisted by Hohhot First Hospital from April to May 2023. The patients were randomly divided into a spleen aminopeptide group (296 cases) and control group (96 cases) at a ratio of 3∶1, and the enrollment period was from June 1 to 14, 2023. The treatment group was treated with spleen aminopeptide oral solution for 12 weeks starting from 4-6 weeks (±7 days) before the pollen dispersal period, while the control group was treated with a simulated agent of spleen aminopeptide oral solution. Both the treatment group and the control group were treated with oral antihistamines and/or nasal glucocorticoids as needed during the pollen dispersal period. Evaluate the therapeutic effect by comparing the symptom scores, drug scores and quality of life scores of the two groups, and detect the expression levels of cytokines in serum. Symptom scores, quality of life scores, drug scores and laboratory results were compared by independent sample t test/Kruskal-Wallis test and χ2 test/Fisher′s exact test. Results:Compared with the control group, spleen aminopeptide treatment for 12 weeks significantly improved symptoms of nasal congestion [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=6.308, P<0.05], nasal itching [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=4.966, P<0.05], sneezing [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=5.245, P<0.05], runny nose [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=5.41, P<0.05] and tearing [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 2) vs. 1(0, 3), H=4.664, P<0.05]. At 12 weeks of treatment, the scores of nasal symptoms and ocular symptoms in control group and experimental group were significantly increased compared with baseline ( P<0.05). In experimental group, nasal congestion [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 1) vs. 1(0, 2), H=4.042, P<0.05], eye itching/foreign body sensation/redness symptom scores [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 2) vs. 1(0, 2), H=5.302, P<0.05] and total scores [ M( Q1, Q3):4(-1, 9) vs. 5(0, 12.5), H=3.958, P<0.05] were significantly increased. The antihistamine drug score of the splenic peptide treatment group at 6 weeks were lower than that of the control group ( H=4.232, P<0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the antihistamine drug score [ M( Q1, Q3):10(0, 24) vs. 19(2, 36.5), H=6.67, P<0.05] and the total drug score [ M( Q1, Q3):28.5(5, 77.5) vs. 46(6, 155.5), H=3.995, P<0.05] were significantly lower than those of the control group. The serum IL-17A levels of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group after 6 weeks (0.7±1.77 vs. 0.85±1.67 ,H=10.08, P<0.05) and 12 weeks (0.81±1.63 vs. 0.94±1.73, H=5.196, P<0.05) of splenic aminopeptide treatment. Conclusions:Early treatment with spleen aminopeptide oral solution can significantly improve nasal and ocular symptoms of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, reduce the use of drugs during the onset period, and improve the quality of life. It may exert an immunomodulatory effect by reducing the expression level of IL-17A in the serum of patients.Objects:To conduct a study on the prevention and treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of spleen aminopeptide oral solution on seasonal allergic rhinitis, and explore its related mechanisms.

Methods:A total of 392 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were selected from the population of the epidemiological investigation project of allergic diseases in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. The project was led by Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, and assisted by Hohhot First Hospital from April to May 2023. The patients were randomly divided into a spleen aminopeptide group (296 cases) and control group (96 cases) at a ratio of 3∶1, and the enrollment period was from June 1 to 14, 2023. The treatment group was treated with spleen aminopeptide oral solution for 12 weeks starting from 4-6 weeks (±7 days) before the pollen dispersal period, while the control group was treated with a simulated agent of spleen aminopeptide oral solution. Both the treatment group and the control group were treated with oral antihistamines and/or nasal glucocorticoids as needed during the pollen dispersal period. Evaluate the therapeutic effect by comparing the symptom scores, drug scores and quality of life scores of the two groups, and detect the expression levels of cytokines in serum. Symptom scores, quality of life scores, drug scores and laboratory results were compared by independent sample t test/Kruskal-Wallis test and χ2 test/Fisher′s exact test. Results:Compared with the control group, spleen aminopeptide treatment for 12 weeks significantly improved symptoms of nasal congestion [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=6.308, P<0.05], nasal itching [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=4.966, P<0.05], sneezing [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=5.245, P<0.05], runny nose [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=5.41, P<0.05] and tearing [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 2) vs. 1(0, 3), H=4.664, P<0.05]. At 12 weeks of treatment, the scores of nasal symptoms and ocular symptoms in control group and experimental group were significantly increased compared with baseline ( P<0.05). In experimental group, nasal congestion [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 1) vs. 1(0, 2), H=4.042, P<0.05], eye itching/foreign body sensation/redness symptom scores [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 2) vs. 1(0, 2), H=5.302, P<0.05] and total scores [ M( Q1, Q3):4(-1, 9) vs. 5(0, 12.5), H=3.958, P<0.05] were significantly increased. The antihistamine drug score of the splenic peptide treatment group at 6 weeks were lower than that of the control group ( H=4.232, P<0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the antihistamine drug score [ M( Q1, Q3):10(0, 24) vs. 19(2, 36.5), H=6.67, P<0.05] and the total drug score [ M( Q1, Q3):28.5(5, 77.5) vs. 46(6, 155.5), H=3.995, P<0.05] were significantly lower than those of the control group. The serum IL-17A levels of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group after 6 weeks (0.7±1.77 vs. 0.85±1.67 ,H=10.08, P<0.05) and 12 weeks (0.81±1.63 vs. 0.94±1.73, H=5.196, P<0.05) of splenic aminopeptide treatment. Conclusions:Early treatment with spleen aminopeptide oral solution can significantly improve nasal and ocular symptoms of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, reduce the use of drugs during the onset period, and improve the quality of life. It may exert an immunomodulatory effect by reducing the expression level of IL-17A in the serum of patients.Objects:To conduct a study on the prevention and treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of spleen aminopeptide oral solution on seasonal allergic rhinitis, and explore its related mechanisms.

Abstract: Objective　To evaluate the free thalassaemia screening programme for preconception and pregnancy in Hainan Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the screening process for thalassaemia. Methods From November 2020 to July 2021, a survey was conducted on 10 396 adults with Hainan household registration who participated in the Epidemiological Survey of Thalassemia in Hainan Residents in 19 cities and counties of Hainan Province. All of them underwent routine blood tests, haemoglobin electrophoresis tests and genetic tests for thalassaemia. The optimal diagnostic cut-off values for mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), and haemoglobin adult type 2 (HbA2) were determined using screening test indexes such as receiver operating characteristic curve and sensitivity. The diagnostic effectiveness of different primary screening programs for thalassemia gene carriers was evaluated. Results Using the existing MCV single-indicator thalassemia primary screening protocol in Hainan Province, where individuals with MCV<82 fL undergo thalassemia gene testing, resulted in a high missed diagnosis rate (34.06%) and low sensitivity (65.94%). The optimal cut-off values for MCV screening for alpha-and beta-thalassaemia were 84.45 fL and 79.05 fL, respectively; the optimal cut-off values for MCH screening for alpha-and beta-thalassaemia were 27.95 pg and 25.15 pg, respectively. The optimal cut-off value for HbA2 screening for alpha-thalassaemia was less than 2.55% and greater than 3.35% for beta-thalassaemia. The "combined HbA2 or MCH or MCV screening protocol" with the cut-off values recommended in this study had a better performance in primary screening for thalassemia, with the highest sensitivity (92.96%) and negative predictive value (92.67%) and the lowest underdiagnosis rate (7.04%), statistically significant differences compared with the existing protocol (P<0.05). Conclusions The current process of screening for thalassemia in Hainan Province may lead to missed diagnoses. The combined use of MCV, MCH and HbA2 for thalassemia screening, adopting locally suitable cutoff values for primary screening indicators, can improve the incidence of missed reporting of thalassemia and enhance diagnostic effectiveness.

Abstract: Objective To explore the trend of maternal mortality in Hainan Province during the period of 2003-2022, both in the province and in urban and rural areas, and to forecast the maternal mortality rate for the period 2023-2025. Methods The 2003-2022 data collected from Hainan Province's three-tier network for maternal mortality surveillance was examined using the Chi-square test for trend (CMH) to analyze the province-wide and urban-rural maternal mortality trends. The time series model forecasting using exponential smoothing was used to predict the maternal mortality rate in Hainan Province from 2023 to 2025. Results　From 2003 to 2022, a total of 201 011 616 live births and 463 maternal deaths were reported in Hainan Province, with a maternal mortality rate of 23.03 per 100 000. Over 20 years, the maternal mortality rate in Hainan Province showed a downward trend, with an annual rate of decline of -4.13%. The rate decreased significantly during this period.. From 2003 to 2022, the maternal mortality rate in rural areas of Hainan Province was 25.74/100 000 (373/1 448 943), and it was significantly higher than that in urban areas, 16.04/100 000 (90/561 173). In the first 10 years, the gap between urban and rural areas progressively reduced, but it widened significantly in the last decade, especially after 2017. The maternal mortality rate was significantly lower in urban than rural areas, and the differences had statistical significance. The annual rates of decline in maternal mortality in Hainan Province and in urban and rural areas from 2003 to 2022 were -5.0% and -3.71%, respectively, showing a negative growth with the decrease rate in rural areas lower than urban areas. The maternal mortality rate in Hainan Province showed a fluctuating downward trend, different from the stable trend of national decrease. The mortality rates for direct obstetric causes of death (233 cases) and indirect obstetric causes of death (230 cases) were 11.59/100 000 and 11.44/100 000, respectively. The results of the maternal mortality review showed a predominance of avoidable deaths (315 cases, 68.03%). Brown's cubic exponential smoothing predicted the maternal mortality rate in Hainan Province for 2023-2025 as 9.45/100 000, 8.17/100 000, and 6.89/100 000. Conclusions　The maternal mortality rate in Hainan Province is largely influenced by maternal deaths in rural areas, and maternal health care in rural areas should be emphasized. Measures such as intervening to address the main factors influencing avoidable maternal deaths, strengthening high-risk maternal management, improving the level of critical maternal care, and providing subsidies for critical maternal care can sustainably reduce the maternal mortality rate in Hainan.

Nano-metallic materials are playing an important role in the application of medicine, catalysis, antibacterial and anti-toxin due to their obvious advantages, including nanocrystalline strengthening effect, high photo-absorptivity, high surface energy and single magnetic region performance. In recent years, with the increasing consumption of global petrochemical resources and the aggravation of environmental pollution, nanomaterials based on bio-based molecules have aroused great concern. Bio-based molecules refer to small molecules and macromolecules directly or indirectly derived from biomass. They usually have good biocompatibility, low toxicity, degradability, wide source and low price. Besides, most bio-based molecules have unique physical, chemical properties and physiological activity, such as optical activity, acid/alkali amphoteric property, hydrophilic property and easy coordination with metal ions. Thus, the corresponding nano-materials based on bio-based molecules also have unique functions, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, antiviral fall blood sugar and blood fat etc. In this paper, we give a comprehensive overview of the preparation and application of nano-metallic materials based on bio-based molecules in recent years.
Anti-Infective Agents ; Catalysis ; Metals ; Nanostructures

Objective To investigate the effect and the potential mechanisms of low molecular polysaccharide from agaricus blazei (LMPAB) on H2O2-induced oxidative injury in hippocampal neuronal cells of rats.Methods Hippocampal neuronal cells were isolated from SD rats (24 h) and grew in culture.Cultured cells were divided into normal control group (added the same amount of nutrient solution), model control group (added 500 μmol·L-1H2O2 solution) and LMPAB high, medium, low dose groups (added 20,10,5 mg·L-1 LMPAB solution, respectively, then added 500 μmol·L-1 H2O2 solution each).The hippocampal neuron cell activity was detected with MTT method.The hippocampus neuron mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by flow cytometry.According to the reagent instruction methods, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities were detected.Results The activities of cell, CAT, SOD, GSH-PX and MMP in normal control group and the LMPAB high dose group were significantly higher than those of model control group (P<0.01);The content of MDA in normal control group and LMPAB high dose group was significantly lower than that of model control group (P<0.01).Conclusion The protective effect of LMPAB on hippocampal neurons with H2O2-induced injury may be related with the mechanism of enhancing the neuronal antioxidative capacity.

There have been many reports on berberine (BBR) effect of the inhibition on gut bacteria,but more from the protein level.In view of the preference of BBR for DNA binding,we here investigated the expression of BBR from the transcriptional expression level of the gene.The results showed that BBR had a higher affinity for UP element of Escherichia coli (E.coli) gene,and the transcription initiation region of this element contained TATA base sequence.The expression of genes sulA,recA and 16S which contain the genes of the UP element regulatory elements in the upstream of the promoter could be suppressed by BBR,and the expression of lpxC,secG and mutT which did not contain the genes of the UP element regulatory elements in the upstream of the promoter could not be inhibited by BBR.It is shown that the TATA sequence is the target of BBR.This result provides a new perspective for exploring the effect of BBR's inhibition of microbiota from gene transcription.

Berberine (BBR) is known as a classic drug for intestinal infection treatment.BBR inhibits intestinal bacteria,which is the core of its role in the treatment of intestinal infection.With the survival of local intestinal bacteria and its related metabolites on the physiological and pathological functions of the body continue to recognize the impact of it,more and more literatures have presented the effect of BBR through the impact of intestinal bacteria on the body glycol-lipid metabolism,even brain function.This allows us to re-understand the pathophysiology of BBR in inhibiting gut microbiome.In this paper,the antibacterial activity of BBR was reviewed and analyzed.The possible molecular target of BBR was analyzed according to the characteristics of prokaryotes gene expression,which was helpful to the in-depth study of BBR on intestinal bacteria.Thus,a more comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological effects of BBR is given.

Objective To explore the m ain perform ance of personality change in people w ith m ild psy-chiatric im pairm ents w hich due to the brain traum a caused by traffic accidents and its value in assess-m ent of psychiatric im pairm ent. Methods The condition of personality change of patients w ith traum atic brain injury caused by traffic accident w as evaluated by the Scale of Personality Change Post-traum atic Brain Injury (SPCPTBI). Furtherm ore, the correlation betw een the personality change and the degrees of traum atic brain injury and psychiatric im pairm ent w ere explored. Results In 271 sam ples, 239 (88.2% ) w ith personality changes. A m ong these 239 sam ples, 178 (65.7% ), 46 (17.0% ), 15 (5.5% ) w ith m ild, m oderate and severe personality changes, respectively. The ratio based on the extent of personality changes to the degree of brain traum a w as not significant (P>0.05), but the total score difference betw een the groups w as significant (P<0.05). There w as no statistical significance betw een the m edium and high severity brain traum a groups. The higher degree of personality changes, the higher rank of m ental disabilities. The total score difference of the scale of personality change am ong the different m ild psychiatric im pair-m ent group w as significant (P<0.05). The difference betw een other psychiatric im pairm ent levels had statistical significance (P<0.05) except level 7 and 8. Conclusion The occurrence of personality change due to traum atic brain injury caused by traffic accident w as high. Correlations exist betw een the personality change and the degree of psychiatric im pairm ent. Personality change due to brain traum a caused by traffic accident can be assessed effectively by m eans of SPCPTBI, and the correlation betw een the total score and the extent of traum atic brain injury can be found.

This article was aimed to study the general reproductive toxicity in mice in order to give a better evalua-tion of the medicinal plant of pineapple leaves (A nanas comasus L). Adult male and female mice were orally admin-istered with pineapple leaves. And then, each of the male and female mice was put together in one cage for mating. The mating success females were fed continuously. The experimental observation was conducted in pregnancy, fetal development, as well as the offspring of mice. The results showed that in addition to a large dose of pineapple leaves (4 g·kg-1) of the parental male rats having a lower body weight, pineapple leaves did not significantly affect on other parameters. There were no significant effects on pregnant mice and their offspring of mice. It was concluded that the pineapple leaves did not influence the general reproductive function of mice apparently.