The Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Qinbaohong Zhike Oral Liquid in Treatment of Acute Bronchitis and Acute Attack of Chronic Bronchitis （GS/CACM 337-2023） was released by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 13^th， 2023. This expert consensus was developed by experts in methodology， pharmacy， and Chinese medicine in strict accordance with the development requirements of the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and based on the latest medical evidence and the clinical medication experience of well-known experts in the fields of respiratory medicine （pulmonary diseases） and pediatrics. This expert consensus defines the application of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of cough and excessive sputum caused by phlegm-heat obstructing lung， acute bronchitis， and acute attack of chronic bronchitis from the aspects of applicable populations， efficacy evaluation， usage， dosage， drug combination， and safety. It is expected to guide the rational drug use in medical and health institutions， give full play to the unique value of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid， and vigorously promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese patent medicines.

Alzheimer's disease is a common central neurodegenerative disease， mainly manifested by cognitive impairment and non-cognitive neuropsychiatric symptoms that severely affect patients' daily life and behavioral functioning. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is still unclear， and the western medicine currently used to treat Alzheimer's disease is only symptomatic， with a single pathway， limited efficacy， and many side effects. In recent years， with the deepening of research on Alzheimer's disease， the study and application of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease have gradually increased. Several studies have shown that TCM and its effective components can exert anti-Alzheimer's disease effects by regulating molecular mechanisms such as pathological protein production and aggregation， oxidative stress， neuroinflammation， ferroptosis， mitochondrial dysfunction， neurogenesis and neurotransmission， and brain-gut axis. This paper summarized the research progress of TCM in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in recent years， so as to provide a reference for further study of the specific mechanism of TCM in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease and the discovery of effective components of TCM.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.

With the advent of an aging society,Alzheimer's disease(AD)has gradually become a major ailment affecting the elderly.AD is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with cognitive impairments.In AD patients,brain network connections are disrupted,and their topological properties are also affected,leading to the disintegration of anatomical and functional connections.Anatomical connections can be tracked and evaluated using structural magnetic imaging(MRI)and diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),while functional connections are detected through functional MRI to assess their connectivity status.This review incorporates the findings of previous scholars and summarizes the current research of AD.It mainly discusses the imaging characteristics of large-scale brain network changes in AD patients,so as to provide researchers with scientific and objective imaging markers for AD prediction and early diagnosis,as well as future research.

Objective To screen differentially-expressed circRNA in plasma exosomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and verify its diagnostic value for NSCLC.Methods The plasma exosomes of six patients with NSCLC and six healthy people were analyzed by circRNA sequencing.The expression of hsa_circ_0052513 in plasma exosomes of 60 NSCLC patients and 60 healthy controls was detected by qRT-PCR.The expression level of hsa_circ_0052513 in plasma exosomes of NSCLC patients before and after surgery was detected by qRT-PCR.The correlation between the expression of plasma exosomal hsa_circ_0052513 and clinical data of patients with NSCLC was statistically analyzed.Results Sequencing results showed that the expression of hsa_circ_0052513 in the plasma exosomes of NSCLC patients was higher than that of healthy controls,and the results were confirmed by qRT-PCR.Hsa_circ_0052513 was decreased in patients with NSCLC after tumor resection(P<0.05).The high expression of plasma exosomal hsa_circ_0052513 in patients with NSCLC was correlated with tumor size,distant metastasis,and TNM stage of NSCLC(all P<0.05).The area under the curve of plasma exosomal hsa_circ_0052513 in the diagnosis of patients with NSCLC was 0.7904(P<0.0001).Conclusion Hsa_circ_0052513 is highly expressed in the plasma exosomes of patients with NSCLC and is related to tumor size,metastasis,and TNM stage.Hence,Hsa_circ_0052513 could be a new diagnostic marker for NSCLC.

Diabetes mellitus(DM)is an endocrine metabolic disease mainly characterized by chronic hyperglycemia,which seriously threatens the health and quality of life of human beings,and with the improvement of living standard and unhealthy lifestyle in China,the incidence of DM continues to rise and tends to be younger,so it is urgent to carry out in-depth research on hypoglycemic treatment.DM is pathologically based on absolute or relative insulin deficiency,and there is no radical cure for it,and Western medicine mostly adopts insulin injection or oral hypoglycemic drugs for symptomatic treatment,which is effective but prone to toxic side effects in long-term use.Chinese medicine has the advantages of multi-path and multi-target in treating DM,and plays a role in lowering blood sugar by promoting insulin secretion,improving insulin resistance,regulating glucolipid metabolism and anti-oxidative stress,etc.Its efficacy is remarkable and the rate of toxic side effects is low.In recent years,there have been more studies on the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine and compound prescriptions on animal models of DM.By reviewing the relevant literature in recent years,the author has systematically sorted out the mechanism of hypoglycemic action of single Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions,effective components of traditional Chinese medicine and their related experimental designs,from promoting insulin secretion,inhibiting gluconeogenesis,promoting glycogen synthesis,improving insulin resistance,inhibiting glycosidase activity,alleviating oxidative stress damage,inhibiting inflammatory response and regulating intestinal stress.The study and experimental design of the hypoglycemic mechanism of Chinese medicine were summarized in terms of promoting insulin secretion,inhibiting gluconeogenesis,promoting glycogen synthesis,improving insulin resistance,inhibiting glucosidase activity,alleviating oxidative stress damage,inhibiting inflammatory response and regulating intestinal flora,etc.,with a view to providing reference for the wider clinical application of Chinese medicine in hypoglycemia and its in-depth pharmacodynamic study.

Objective To study the effect of phonetic training on lateral articulation in preschool patients with functional articulation disorders(FAD).Methods A total of 45 FAD patients from June 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the control group,and 45 FAD patients from January 2023 to March 2023 were selected as the ob-servation group.The patients in the observation group were given basic function training,tongue force point train-ing,correct ventilation training,computer speech lab(CSL)visual feedback training,family synchronization train-ing,family continuation training and other voice training measures.Forty-five patients in the control group did not receive speech training,and routine guidance was implemented.Speech assessment was carried out on patients in the observation group at the end of the speech training class and patients in the control group at the time of return visit,and the number of lateral articulation words between the two groups was compared.Results Within the group com-parison,after 10～50 hours of targeted language training,the number of words of lateral articulation in the observa-tion group decreased from 95.16±7.82 before training to 17.60±3.45,and the difference was statistically signifi-cant(t=70.871,P＜0.01).In the control group,the number of words of lateral structure decreased from 94.29±8.50 at the time of visit to 82.96±8.43 at the time of return visit,and the difference was statistically significant(t=9.849,P＜0.01).For comparison between groups,there was no statistical difference in the number of words of lateralized phonation between the two groups before voice training(t=0.504,P=0.616).The number of words of lateralized phonation in the observation group after training was significantly less than that in the control group after follow-up visit,and the difference was statistically significant(t=48.131,P＜0.01).Conclusion The lateral artic-ulation of preschool FAD patients has a certain tendency of self-healing.Based on the mechanism of lateral articula-tion,targeted phonetic training for preschool FAD patients is an effective measure to correct the lateral articulation of FAD.

Objective To investigate the causal association between bronchial asthma and bone mineral density at different sites using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods Summary data for exposure factors and outcome were obtained from different genome-wide association studies.Single nucleotide polymorphisms strongly associated with bronchial asthma were selected as instrumental variables,and those in linkage disequilibrium were excluded.The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary method for MR analysis,complemented by weighted median,simple mode,weighted mode,and MR-Egger regression methods.Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the results. Results The random-effects model of IVW analysis showed that heel bone mineral density (OR=0.986;95% CI,0.974 to 0.998;P=0.023) as the outcome dataset had a reverse causal effect with bronchial asthma,while lumbar spine bone mineral density (OR=1.031;95% CI,0.984 to 1.081;P=0.195),femoral neck bone mineral density (OR=1.014;95% CI,0.973 to 1.057;P=0.505),and forearm bone mineral density (OR=1.011;95% CI,0.935 to 1.094;P=0.775) as outcome datasets showed no causal effect with bronchial asthma.The MR-Egger intercept test results indicated that the P-values for the intercepts of lumbar bone mineral density,femoral neck bone mineral density,forearm bone mineral density,and calcaneal bone mineral density were all over 0.05,suggesting no horizontal pleiotropy and relatively stable results. Conclusion MR analysis reveals a reverse causal effect between bronchial asthma and heel bone mineral density,suggesting that clinicians should strengthen the monitoring of heel bone mineral density in patients with bronchial asthma to timely detect and intervene osteoporosis.

Hypertension is one of the main factors leading to cardiovascular death.The number of cardiovascular patients were about 330 million in China,and 245 million among them were suffering from hypertensive in 2021.The rates of treatment and control of hypertension were less than 45.8%from 1991 to 2018.Therefore,it is of great clinical significance and social value to carry out hypertension related research.Animal models of hypertension are important tools to explore the pathogenesis of hypertension and evaluate the development of antihypertensive agents.At present,there are many ways to establish animal models of hypertension,by consulting and sorting out the relevant papers of animal models of hypertension at home and abroad,the author summarized and discussed the replication methods,principles,features and applications of commonly used animal models from four aspects,such as genetics,surgical induction,environmental induction and pharmaceuticals induction,in order to provide a reference for the selection and establishment of more scientific animal models of hypertension and lay the foundation for the combined treatment of hypertension with Chinese and Western medicine.

Bone defects caused by different causes such as trauma, severe bone infection and other factors are common in clinic and difficult to treat. Usually, bone substitutes are required for repair. Current bone grafting materials used clinically include autologous bones, allogeneic bones, xenografts, and synthetic materials, etc. Other than autologous bones, the major hurdles of rest bone grafts have various degrees of poor biological activity and lack of active ingredients to provide osteogenic impetus. Bone marrow contains various components such as stem cells and bioactive factors, which are contributive to osteogenesis. In response, the technique of bone marrow enrichment, based on the efficient utilization of components within bone marrow, has been risen, aiming to extract osteogenic cells and factors from bone marrow of patients and incorporate them into 3D scaffolds for fabricating bone grafts with high osteoinductivity. However, the scientific guidance and application specification are lacked with regard to the clinical scope, approach, safety and effectiveness. In this context, under the organization of Chinese Orthopedic Association, the Expert consensus for the clinical application of autologous bone marrow enrichment technique for bone repair ( version 2023) is formulated based on the evidence-based medicine. The consensus covers the topics of the characteristics, range of application, safety and application notes of the technique of autologous bone marrow enrichment and proposes corresponding recommendations, hoping to provide better guidance for clinical practice of the technique.