Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） offers a rich theoretical foundation and clinical experience for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome（CKM）， demonstrating unique advantage. Building on previous work in managing diabetes， its complications， and chronic kidney disease， our team has proposed a five-phase evolution theory of "constraint， heat， deficiency， stasis， and toxin" as the core pathogenesis. These phases correspond to the pathological progression of constraint of phlegm-dampness， constraint transforming into heat， heat damaging qi and yin， stasis accumulated in the collateral vessels， and toxin induced by deficiency and stasis. In the prevention and treatment of CKM by TCM， it is emphasized to integrate the concept of "treating disease before it arises" with constitution theory， and incorporate the "2-5-8" prevention and treatment strategy， which combines prevention with treatment， tailors interventions to different phases， and employs comprehensive treatment modalities. Our goal is to leverage TCM's holistic advantages in preventing and treating CKM.

China Clinical Cases Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine is built to promote the establishment of a scientific and technological talent evaluation system oriented on innovative value， ability and contribution in the backgroud of breaking the four only and setting new standards required by the document jointly issued by several national administrations and commissions. In the process of the construction， in order to further consolidate the foundation and ensure the quality and authority of case reports， we need to fully understand the origin and development of Chinese medical cases. Therefore， we clarified the development situation of Chinese medical cases by combing the characteristics of ancient and modern case reports， comparing the differences between Chinese and western medical case reports in terms of content and writing requirements， finally formed the main points of systematic case report norms and quality evaluation system， aiming to fully explore the unique advantages of Chinese medical cases in the fields of discipline development， scientific research innovation， clinical practice and guidance， talent evaluation and training， so as to promote its innovative development in a broader direction.

Talents are the main force for the development of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）， and the construction of TCM talents and the reformation of talent evaluation system are essential to promote the inheritance and innovation of TCM. At present， we are still exploring and developing in the fields of the formulation， implementation and evaluation indicators of TCM talent evaluation system. However， there are shortcomings and difficulties. For instance， insufficient stratification in the evaluation， excessive emphasis on the quantity of achievements， neglecting the quality of the achievements and the actual contribution， imperfect assessment indicators， and the weak characteristics of TCM. Therefore， national ministries and commissions have jointly issued a document requesting to break the four only and set a new standard， in order to promote the construction of a scientific and technological talent evaluation system oriented by innovation value， ability and contribution. For the evaluation of TCM clinical talents， China Association for Science and Technology commissioned China Association of Chinese Medicine to build the China Clinical Cases Library of TCM（CCCL-TCM）， which aims at collecting the most authoritative and representative TCM clinical cases and exploring the advantages of applying clinical cases as masterpiece of achievement in TCM clinical talents evaluation. CCCL-TCM can promote the construction of a talent evaluation system that is more in line with the development characteristics of TCM industry， and to carry out relevant pilot in TCM colleges and institutions across the country in order to promote the reformation of TCM talent evaluation system.

Objective:To design and evaluate the application value of intracavitary-interstitial brachytherapy (IC-ISBT) applicator template for locally advanced cervical cancer.Methods:MRI data of 100 patients with ⅡB-ⅣA stage cervical cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2018 staging system) before and after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) admitted to Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from March 2019 to September 2020 were collected. The range of primary cervical lesions was retrospectively analyzed and compared. Based on the residual mass of patients, the corresponding high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV) was delineated, and the IC-ISBT applicator template was designed and initially applied to cervical cancer patients. Dosimetry analysis and efficacy evaluation were compared between the applicator template-guided ( n=37) and free-hand implantation groups ( n=63). Chi-square test or Fisher exact test was performed for categorical variables, and t-test or U-test for continuous variables. Results:The median distance between the residual tumor margin (clockwise 3, 6, 9, 12 o'clock) and the center of 100 patients with ⅡB-ⅣA stage cervical cancer after EBRT was 16.5, 14.0, 17.0 and 13.0 mm, respectively. The corresponding HR-CTV was superimposed to reconstruct the three-dimensional diagram, and the cylindrical IC-ISBT applicator template with mushroom-like head was designed and manufactured: the longest and shortest diameter of the head was 35 and 20 mm, respectively; the central channel was adapted to the uterine tube, the C1-C12 channels was arranged in inner circle, and the peripheral B1-B5 and A1-A4 pin channels were expanded bilaterally. In terms of dose coverage, there was no significant difference between the HR-CTV D 90% [(635.12±22.65) vs. (635.80±25.84) cGy], bladder D 2 cm3 [(473.79±44.78) vs. (463.55±66.43) cGy)], rectum D 2 cm3 [(396.99±73.54) vs. (408.00±73.94) cGy] and sigmoid colon D 2 cm3 [(293.07±152.72) vs. (311.31±135.77) cGy] between the template-guided and free-hand implantation groups (all P>0.05), but the HR-CTV D 98% was significantly higher [(544.78±32.07) vs. (536.78±32.04) cGy, P=0.007] and the rectum D 1 cm3 and D 0.1 cm3 were significantly lower [(438.62±69.65) vs. (453.97±67.89) cGy, P=0.016; (519.46±70.67) vs. (543.82±81.24) cGy, P=0.001] in the template-guided implantation group. In addition, there was no significant difference in the complete response rate between two groups (86% vs. 83%, P>0.05). Conclusions:This IC-ISBT applicator template is reasonably designed, and the therapeutic efficacy of the template-guided implantation is equivalent to that of free-hand implantation. The dose coverage of the target area meets the clinical demand with a better protection of the organs at risk. The applicator template has the potential to be widely used as a conventional template in clinical practice as the applicator-guided implantation is convenient to operate and repeat.

Objective:This study evaluates the agreement between a new low-load sleep monitoring system, QSA600, based on millimeter-wave radar technology, and polysomnography (PSG) in diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Methods:A total of 155 subjects were recruited for a parallel agreement study in the sleep laboratory of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery at Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital from July to September 2023. The subjects underwent simultaneous monitoring with both PSG and the QSA600 system. One hundred and forty-five subjects consisting of 75 males and 70 females included in the final analysis, with an average age of (35.30±12.41) years, an average height of (168.23±8.08) cm, and an average weight of (68.28±13.74) kg. The subjects were divided into four groups based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): <5.0 events/h (non-OSA group, 39 cases), ≥5.0-<15.0 events/h (mild OSA group, 47 cases), ≥15.0-<30.0 events/h (moderate OSA group, 25 cases), and≥30.0 events/h (severe OSA group, 34 cases). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Pearson correlation coefficients ( r), and Bland-Altman analysis were employed to assess the agreement between the two monitoring techniques regarding AHI and other parameters. Sensitivity and specificity of the QSA600 in diagnosing OSA were evaluated at different AHI thresholds. Statistical analyses were conducted using MATLAB R2022a. Results:Using AHI 5 events/h, 15 events/h and 30 events/h as thresholds, the sensitivity for diagnosing mild, moderate, and severe OSA was 88.68%, 89.83% and 97.06%, respectively. The specificity was 94.87%, 98.84% and 99.10%, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.973 4, 0.990 9 and 0.999 5, respectively. The comparison of key indicators between QSA600 and PSG diagnostic results revealed:a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.987 2( P<0.001) between the AHI measurement values. The mean difference between the Bland-Altman measurement values of the two was -1.43(95% CI:-8.74-5.88) events/h and the ICC between the two was 0.985 0(95% CI: 0.975 4-0.990 4). Conclusions:As a new low-load sleep monitoring system, QSA600 demonstrates high concordance with traditional PSG in diagnosing OSA and stratifying its severity, which has promising potential for clinical application. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT06038006)

Stomach exuberance and spleen deficiency are common pathogenesis of many metabolic diseases. Through analyzing the pathogenesis of stomach exuberance and spleen deficiency， it is believed that its essence is stomach heat and spleen deficiency. Stomach heat includes gastrointestinal heat， spleen and stomach damp-heat， and spleen deficiency is divided into deficiency of spleen yin， deficiency of spleen qi ， and deficiency of spleen yang. It is suggested that the metabolic diseases of stomach-exuberance and spleen-deficiency syndrome can be divided into three categories，i.e. stomach-heat and spleen yin-deficiency， stomach-heat and spleen qi-deficiency， and stomach-heat and spleen yang-deficiency， and the main treatment methods are clearing and draining heat， nourishing yin and moistening intestine， clearing dampness and heat， strengthening spleen and qi， clearing dampness and heat， strengthening spleen and warming yang， respectively， with prescriptions as Maziren Pills （麻子仁丸）， Qinlian Pingwei Powder （芩连平胃散）， and Jiawei Lianli Decoction （加味连理汤） accordingly.

With the continuous evolution and refinement of the healthcare insurance system,there arises a heightened de-mand for the standardization and efficacy of healthcare insurance management.This paper takes a prominent public hospital in Guangzhou City as a case study to delve into the establishment and enhancement of an intelligent monitoring system for healthcare insurance.Initially,an analysis is conducted from the perspectives of the national,policy,and institutional levels to underscore the imperative and urgency of constructing an intelligent monitoring system for healthcare insurance.Subsequently,a comprehen-sive review of the current research landscape,both domestically and internationally,is presented,highlighting the challenges faced by domestic intelligent auditing systems in terms of their level of intelligence,the sophistication of hospital-level intelligent monitoring,and the standardization of rule libraries.Following this,the paper elaborates on the practical endeavors undertaken by large public hospitals in Guangzhou City regarding the construction and optimization of the intelligent monitoring system for healthcare insurance.This encompasses aspects such as the structure of the intelligent monitoring system,collaborative manage-ment in operational modes,and the standardization of rule libraries.Finally,the paper concludes by summarizing the positive im-pact of these practices on the regulation of medical service behaviors and the enhancement of efficiency in healthcare insurance quality management,while also offering insights into future research directions.

African swine fever virus(ASFV)I177L gene deletion vaccine is one of the key directions of African swine fever(ASF)live attenuated vaccine research and development.In order to effec-tively distinguish between the wild-type ASFV strain and the I177L gene-deleted strain,specific primers and probes were designed based on ASFV B646L and I177L genes,respectively.After screening and optimization,a duplex real-time PCR method was developed that can simultaneously detect these two genes.The results showed that ASFV B646L and I177L genes were detected spe-cifically and simultaneously by the method developed without cross-reactions with porcine circovir-us type 2,Seneca virus A,classical swine fever virus,foot-and-mouth disease virus,porcine respira-tory and reproductive syndrome virus.The detection limits of the duplex real-time PCR for recom-binant plasmids pUC57-B646L and pUC57-I177L were 1×103 copies/mL.The intra-and inter-as-say coefficients of variation were less than 4％,respectively.Detection of 122 pork and pork prod-ucts using the duplex real-time PCR developed and the real-time PCR recommended by WOAH showed that the coincidence rates of the two methods for B646L gene detection was 100％with two amplification curves appeared in the positive results of the established methods.The method established in this study can be used for the detection of ASFV I177L gene deletion strains,which provides technical support for ASF surveillance and epidemiological investigation.

Peptides are increasingly important resources for biological and therapeutic development, however, their intrinsic susceptibility to proteolytic degradation represents a big hurdle. As a natural agonist for GLP-1R, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is of significant clinical interest for the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus, but its in vivo instability and short half-life have largely prevented its therapeutic application. Here, we describe the rational design of a series of α/sulfono-γ-AA peptide hybrid analogues of GLP-1 as the GLP-1R agonists. Certain GLP-1 hybrid analogues exhibited enhanced stability (t _1/2 > 14 days) compared to t _1/2 (<1 day) of GLP-1 in the blood plasma and in vivo. These newly developed peptide hybrids may be viable alternative of semaglutide for type-2 diabetes treatment. Additionally, our findings suggest that sulfono-γ-AA residues could be adopted to substitute canonical amino acids residues to improve the pharmacological activity of peptide-based drugs.

OBJECTIVE To explore whether Yinjia tablets improve infertility in rats with chronic salpingitis by correcting the peripheral blood Th17/Treg balance. METHODS One hundred female Wistar rats, 82 of which were constructed as a rat model of chronic salpingitis. After successful modeling, the rats were randomly divided into model group, levofloxacin group (20 mg·kg-1), low-dose Yinjia tablets group(0.38 g·kg-1·d-1), medium-dose Yinjia tablets group(0.76 g·kg-1·d-1) and high-dose Yinjia tablets group(1.52 g·kg-1·d-1), 16 rats in each group, and other 16 rats were set up as control group. The treatment groups were administered by gavage at different doses, and the model group and the control group were given the same amount of saline(20 mL·kg-1·d-1), once a day. The gavage was stopped for 1 d after 7 d, and 7 d was one cycle, with a total of 3 cycles of gavage. After administration, the rats were observed for conception and blood samples and oviductal tissues were collected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of fallopian tube tissues; transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of fallopian tube tissues; ELISA was used to detect TNF-α and IL-6 in serum; flow cytometry was used to detect the ratio of Treg and Th17 cells in peripheral blood; RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect IL-17, IL-10, Foxp3, RORγt mRNA and protein expression. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the cilia and microvilli in the model group were sparse and the mitochondria were swollen; the TNF-α and IL-6 contents, the proportion of Th17 cells, and the expression of IL-17 and RORγt mRNA and protein in the oviduct tissues were significantly higher, and the fertility rate, IL-10, the proportion of Treg cells, and the expression of Foxp3 mRNA and protein in the rats were significantly lower(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the high-dose group of Yinjia tablets improved the structure of oviduct of rats; significantly reduced the TNF-α, IL-6 content, Th17 cell proportion and IL-17, RORγt mRNA and protein expression in oviduct tissue of model rats; and significantly increased the conception rate and IL-10, Treg cell proportion and Foxp3 mRNA and protein expression of rats(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Yinjia tablets can effectively regulate Th17/Treg balance, which in turn regulates Treg and Th17 cell-mediated inflammatory responses and improves the conception rate in chronic salpingitis rats.