OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of long-time and short-time blood pressure variability (BPV) on glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in elderly population.

METHODSA total of 2 464 participants aged of ≥60 years old without history of stroke and coronary heart disease were selected with random sampling method from the individuals underwent health check up in Tangshan Kailuan Hospital, Kailuan Linxi Hospital, Kailuan Zhaogezhuang Hospital between 2006 and 2013. The study participants were asked to join a face-to-face interview every two years. Long-time BPV was defined as the standard deviation of all SBP values at the baseline visit and following visits, short-time BPV was defined as the standard deviation of day time blood pressure and night time blood pressure which was derived from 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Multivariate linear regression models were used to test the impact of long- and short-time BPV on eGFR.

RESULTSThe study included 3 participants groups including the long-time SBPV group (2 279 participants), the short-time SBPV group (1 636 participants) and the long- plus short-time SBPV group (1 632 participants). Participants were further sub grouped by median value (NO.1median value). eGFR in the long-time SBPV NO.1 and NO.2 group was 83.19 and 81.49 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) respectively, in the short time SBPV NO.1 and NO.2 group was 83.53 and 80.81ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) of the day time, and was 83.20 and 81.14 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) of the night time, respectively. eGFR in the long- plus short-time SBPV NO.1 and NO.2 group was 83.21 and 81.08 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) of the long-time SBPV, and was 83.53 and 80.75 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) of the day time, and was 83.18 and 81.11 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) of the night time. Significant linear relationship was found between higher day time SBPV and lower eGFR (P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding parameters including age, sex, body mass index, 1 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) of day time SBPV increase was related 0.21 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) eGFR decrease (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe higher day time SBPV is associated with reduced eGFR in the elderly population.Clinical Trail Registry Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-TNC-11001489.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the supine hypertension (SP) with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in the elderly. Methods Kailuan study is a functional community-based cardiovascular risk factor study. From June 2006, there was a physical examination every two years. In the examination, demographic data, smoking, drinking, physical exercise situation and medication situation were recorded. Levels of triglyceride, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, low density lipoprotein and other biochemical indexes were observed. Using cluster random sampling, 3 064 retired employees of 60 years of age or older were selected. A total of 2 464 subjects took part in an additional examination, including the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, blood pressure of different positions and urine albumin. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between supine systolic blood pressure (SBP) and IMT. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of SP on IMT. Results (1) Among 2 220 participants (67.29±6.09) years, 1 463 (65.9%) individuals were male and 757 (34.1%) were females, and the average IMT was (0.92 ± 0.18) mm. (2) There was a positive correlation between supine SBP and IMT (r=0.175, P<0.01). (3) After adjusting the confounds, supine SBP was significantly associated with IMT, with an increase of 1 SD (+20.42 mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) in SBP corresponding to an increase of IMT by 0.01 mm (P<0.01). (4) Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for sitting SBP, age, gender and other factors, SP was still a risk factor of increased IMT (OR=1.37, 95%CI:1.03-1.80), and independent of sitting SBP. Conclusion The supine hypertension is a risk factor of increased IMT, and independent of sitting SBP.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between long-, short-term systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) and renal damage in elder population. Methods: Our research was conducted in the 3rd physical examination of healthy population from Kailuan group by cohort study. Cluster sampling was used by 25% ratio in subjects≥60 years of age to monitor their 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and finally, 2464/3064 participants with inclusion criteria were recruited. SBPV indexes as standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SSD), variability independent of the mean (VIM), maximum-minimum difference (MMD) and average real variability (ARV) were examined; renal damage indexes as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and microalbuminuria (ALBU) were detected. Relationships between different long-term, short-term SBPV indexes and eGFR, ALBU were studied by multi-liner regression analysis. Results:①The mean age of 2464 participants was (67.41 ± 6.05) years including 1667 (67.7%) male and 797 (32.3%) female.②Multi-liner regression analysis indicated that different long-term SBPV indexes were not related to eGFR and ALBU; 24h SBPV in all 4 indexes and day-time SSD, MMD, ARV were negatively related to eGFR; 24h ARV and day-time MMD, ARV were positively related to ALBU; night-time SBPV indexes were not related to eGFR and ALBU.Conclusion: Different short-term SBPV indexes were, at certain point related to eGFR and ALBU

Objective To investigate the correlation of short-term systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) with esti?mated glomeruar filtration rate (eGFR) in the elderly. Methods In physical examination for the third time of kailuan group, the method of cluster sampling was used to collect randomly retired employees, age≥60 in kailuan group. The 24-hour am?bulatory blood pressure monitoring was given to these objects. Finally, 1 405 participants with integral data were recruited in?to the survey. SBPV indices were standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SD), variability independent of the mean (VIM), maximum-minimum difference (MMD), and average real variability (ARV). Multivariate stepwise linear regression models were used to analyze the influence of short-term SBPV on eGFR. Results (1) Among 1 405 participants (67.16 ± 5.82) years, 933 individuals (66.4%) were male and 472 (33.6%) were female. (2) Study population were divided into four groups based on the 24-hour mean SBP, daytime mean SBP, night time mean SBP (group 1:mean SBP<120 mmHg, group 2:120≤mean SBP<140 mmHg, group 3:140≤mean SBP<160 mmHg, group 4:mean SBP≥160 mmHg), respectively. Values of SD, MMD and ARV, but not VIM were increased with increased mean SBP. (3) The participants were grouped according to the median SBPV with between-group comparison of the eGFR. The average eGFR levels were lower in the high 24-hour SB?PV group (SD, VIM, MMD and ARV), day-time SBPV group (SD, VIM, MMD and ARV) and night-time SBPV group (SD, MMD and ARV) than those in the low SBPV groups (P<0.05). (4) Multivariate stepwise linear regression showed that eGFR increased with 3 indices of 24-hour SBPV (SD, MMD and ARV) and 2 indices of day-time SBPV (MMD and ARV) but not for night-time SBPV (β=-0.07,-0.11,-0.07,-0.12 and-0.07, respectively). Conclusion There is a certain degree of asso?ciation between short-term SBPV indices and eGFR.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the 24?hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure (SBP) and carotid intima?media thickness(CIMT) in the elderly. Methods A total of 2 464 who were more than or equal to 60 years old participants were selected with random sampling in accordance with the inclusion criteria from the retired workers in Tangshan Kailuan Company. Dynamic blood pressure monitoring, neck vascular ultrasound and other examination were performed for the participants. . Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to analyze correlation between the SBP of 24?hour, daytime and nightime with CIMT, respectively. Results ( 1) The observation population was divided into three groups according to the tertiles of SBP of 24?hour, daytime and nightime, respectively. With the levels of different SBPs inceasing, CIMT values thickened markedly ( P<0. 01 ) . ( 2 ) Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors,the SBP of 24?hour,daytime and nightime associated with CIMT positively and linearly(P<0. 05),and regression coefficient(95%CI) were 0. 022(0. 009-0. 035), 0. 021(0. 008-0. 035), 0. 019 ( 0. 006-0. 032) respectively. In addition,clinic SBP step into the multivariable linear regression,and regression coefficient ( 95%CI ) were 0. 016 ( 0. 003-0. 029 ) , 0. 016 ( 0. 003-0. 030 ) , 0. 019 ( 0. 007-0. 032 ) , respectively. Conclusion The effect of increased 24?hour ambulatory SBP on CIMT was greater than the clinic SBP. Active monitoring of 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and maintaining a low level of blood pressure is essential for preventing and delaying atherosclerosis.

Objective To establish the quality standard for Huamoyan Tablet. Methods Radix Salviae MiltioiThizae and Radix Cyathulaewere were identified by TLC. The content of protocatechuic aldehyde was determined by HPLC. Results The spots on TLC plates were clear without the interference of negative control. Protocatechuic aldehyde showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0. 021～0. 105 μg, r=0. 999 9. The average recovery was 98. 13 % ,and RSD=2. 41%. Conclusion The method is simple, sensitive and accurate, and can be used to control the qual-ity of Huamoyan Tablet.

Objective To investigate depression disorders and its influencing factors among senile patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in rural-urban fringe in order to supply reference for commu-nity nursing intervention for it. Methods This study was conducted among 323 residents above 60 years old in Gushan town, Fuzhou City. CES-D (center for epidemiology survey-depression scale) and ADL (ac-tivities of daily living scale) were used to evaluate the depression condition and related factors in these pa-tients and the results underwent analysis. Results 25.7% of people with diabetes had various degree of depression, among which 13.3% might had depression and 12.4% had depression definitely. Patients with loss of spouse, living along,reduction of self- care ability and low BMI showed higher incidence of depres-sion. Variables went into the unconditional multivariate logistic regression equation included marriage status and BMI. Conclusions T2DM patients with loss of spouse, living alone,reduction in self-care ability of daily living and low BMI are high risk population of depression. It was proposed that psychological nursing for the aged should be the important content of community nursing.

Objective To describe the status of activities of daily living (ADL) and explore the influential factors among the elderly in Gushan town of Fuzhou. Methods A census was conducted by using questionnaires among people aged 60 years and above at this area. Results 17. 3% of 4237 old people investigated decreased their ADL The main influential factors were natural attribute, social economic features, living habits, depressive symptoms, psychomotility, and number of diseases. Conclusions Most of the old people in Gushan town of Fuzhou could take care of their life. Many factors showed great influence on ADL Applying to all-around measures and improving the aged's functions could help to implement successful aging.

Objective To investigate the relation of physical,mental,and social health status with family functioning in elderlv outpatients with chronic diseases to provide theoretic guidance for their community-based health care.Methods Cluster sampling methods were used to assess 568 elderly patients with at least one chronic disease at Gushan Town of Fuzhou City by Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL),Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D),self made daily social activity questionnaire,and family APGAR index questionnaire.Results The daily activity dependence rate was 23.8%.The prevalence of depression symptoms was 22.9%.Those with normal functions.and modest or severe dysfunction accounted for 56.9%,36.4%,and 6.7%,respectively.The daily activity dependence rate,the prevalence of depression symptoms,and daily social activity were found to be significantly associated with family functioning (P<0.05).Conclusion The health situations of elderly outpatients with chronic diseases may be correlated with family functioning.The community health care providers should concern both individuals and households to improve overall physical and memal health.

Objective To know the current status and its main influential factors of overweight and obesity among residents in Gushan county, Fuzhou city. Method The population aged above 20 years old was sampled by multistage sampling. Back- ground information was collected by face-to-face interview. Data on weight and height was obtained through physical check-ups. Results There were 2 412 objects were interviewed and physically measured. The overall prevalence was 26.0% for overweight and 7.1% for obesity. The prevalence of overweight and obesity of men (30.1% and 7.5% respectively) was significantly higher than those of women (22.2% and 6.8%, P