BACKGROUND:U937 cells can be used as a cell model for studying the biological characteristics,signaling pathways,and therapeutic targets of acute myeloid leukemia.Although it has been reported that long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia,its biological function in U937 cells remains unclear,and its mechanism of action in the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia needs to be further clarified. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression level of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 in peripheral blood of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and its effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells. METHODS:RNA-sequencing was used to analyze the bone marrow monocyte samples from acute myeloid leukemia patients,and the differentially expressed gene long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 was screened.The expression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 in peripheral blood of patients with acute myeloid leukemia was detected by qRT-PCR.The relationship between long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 mRNA expression and prognosis in bone marrow cells of 173 acute myeloid leukemia patients and 70 healthy people was statistically analyzed by GEPIA database.Subsequently,recombinant lentivirus technology and CRISPR/Cas9-SAM technology were used to construct U937 cell lines with knockdown/overexpression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125.qRT-PCR was used to detect the knockdown/overexpression efficiency of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125.Next,CCK-8 assay,flow cytometry,and western blot assay were used to detect the effects of knockdown/overexpression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 on the proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells.Finally,western blot assay was used to detect the effect of knockdown/overexpressed long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related proteins. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of qRT-PCR showed that long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 was highly expressed in peripheral blood of acute myeloid leukemia patients.The results of GEPIA database showed that long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 was highly expressed in bone marrow cells of acute myeloid leukemia patients,and the high expression group had worse overall survival.(2)The knockdown efficiency of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 in knockdown group was 70%,and the U937 cells that stably down-regulated long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 expression were successfully constructed.The expression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 in overexpression group was four times that of vector group,and stable U937 cells were successfully constructed.(3)Knockdown of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 inhibited the proliferation of U937 cells and promoted their apoptosis.Overexpression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 promoted the proliferation of U937 cells but had no significant effect on the apoptosis of U937 cells.(4)Knockdown of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 inhibited the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,while overexpression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.These results confirm that long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia peripheral blood.Long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 may affect the proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,and may be a potential prognostic marker for acute myeloid leukemia.

Oleanolic acid (OA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects. Since its initial isolation and identification, numerous studies have reported on the structural modifications and pharmacological activities of OA and its derivatives. Despite this, there has been a dearth of comprehensive reviews in the past two decades, leading to challenges in subsequent research on OA. Based on the main biological activities of OA, this paper comprehensively summarized the modification strategies and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of OA and its derivatives to provide valuable reference for future investigations into OA.
Oleanolic Acid ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology* ; Triterpenes ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology*

AIM:To compare the differences of ocular biometric parameters of age-related cataract between Tibetan and Han ethnic groups, and to analyze the distribution characteristics of ocular biometric parameters in Tibetan cataract patients.METHODS:Retrospective cohort study. A total of 661 patients(1 030 eyes)with age-related cataract confirmed in the hospital between January 2019 and December 2020 were enrolled. The parameters of axial length, anterior chamber depth, keratometry, corneal astigmatism and astigmatic axis were measured by IOL Master 500 in 483 cases(739 eyes)of Tibetan age-related cataract patients and 178 cases(291 eyes)of Han patients.RESULTS:The axial length, anterior chamber depth and corneal astigmatism of the Tibetan patients with age-related cataract were 23.33(22.81, 23.86)mm, 3.04(2.79, 3.30)mm and 0.73(0.47, 1.07)D. The mean keratometry was 43.89±1.35 D. The results indicated that Tibetan cataract patients had shorter axial lengths and smaller keratometry compared to Han patients(all P<0.05). Age in Tibetan patients was negatively correlated with axial length and anterior chamber depth, and positively correlated with keratometry(all P<0.05). Tibetan male patients had longer axial lengths, deeper anterior chambers, and flatter corneas compared to female patients(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:There were differences in ocular biometric parameters between age-related cataract patients of Tibetan and Han ethnicities. The distribution of ocular biometric parameters in Tibetan cataract patients varied across different age groups and gender groups.

With the changing disease spectrum, the incidence of tumors is increasing and tends to occur among the youth. The long-term survival rate of patients with cancer has increased significantly, and attention to their reproductive rights is growing. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy are the conventional treatment methods for cancer, with each exerting different effects on the fertility of patients. Common fertility preservation techniques currently include sperm cryopreservation, embryo and oocyte cryopreservation, ovarian tissue cryopreservation, uterine transplantation, and assisted reproductive technology. This article systematically summarizes the influence of different antitumor treatments on fertility, as well as the current status and prospects of fertility preservation in patients with cancer. This study aims to improve cooperation between clinical oncologists and reproductive medicine doctors to enhance fertility preservation for patients with cancer.

In cardiovascular disorders, neurological diseases, and chronic metabolic diseases, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is essential for maintaining cell homeostasis. According to studies, boosting Nrf2 expression can be used to cure or prevent chronic diseases that are characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic liver disease characterized by hepatic steatosis brought on by a number of causes other than alcohol. In recent years, its incidence has gradually risen across the globe. According to relevant studies, NAFLD and the Nrf2 signaling pathway are tightly connected. Inhibiting lipid production and metabolism-related enzymes, repairing impaired liver metabolism, and lowering hepatic lipid storage are all possible with Nrf2 activation. Exercise is a powerful tool for treating and preventing NAFLD. However, exercise type, exercise intensity, environment, and exhaustion all have an impact on the Nrf2 signaling pathway. By activating Nrf2, exercise can lessen liver inflammation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and insulin resistance, and ameliorate liver damage to improve NAFLD. The activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway, its associated mechanism of controlling antioxidation, and the impact of exercise on the Nrf2 signaling pathway are all explained in this work. Based on the pathogenesis of NAFLD, this article examines the connection between exercise, Nrf2, and NAFLD, and the current state of knowledge regarding Nrf2’s role in the amelioration of NAFLD through exercise. It offers a theoretical frame of reference for future research into how Nrf2 might be used to improve NAFLD.

Objective:To investigate a brucellosis outbreak caused by contact with unquarantined sheep in Chongqing, and provide reference for prevention and control of brucellosis.Methods:In accordance with the requirements of the "Technical Plan of Brucellosis Prevention and Control Project of Chongqing" and the "Working Specification for Epidemic Disposal of Human Brucellosis" (DB50/T 946-2019), a self-designed brucellosis case questionnaire (version 2021) was used to carry out case investigation and laboratory tests on cases reported by medical institutions, and the data were analyzed descriptively.Results:According to "Working Specification for Epidemic Disposal of Human Brucellosis" (DB50/T 946-2019) in Chongqing, the brucellosis outbreak that occurred in December 2021 was determined to be a cluster outbreak, with a total of two confirmed cases of brucellosis, and a incidence rate of 2/9. The reason of the outbreak was the rearing and slaughtering of unquarantined sheep.Conclusion:We should strengthen the inspection and quarantine of livestock such as cattle and sheep, crack down on informal trade of livestock, and reduce the risk of brucellosis.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and practicality of the Jaundice color card (JCard) as a screening tool for neonatal jaundice.Methods:Following the standards for reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) statement, a multicenter prospective study was conducted in 9 hospitals in China from October 2019 to September 2021. A total of 845 newborns who were admitted to the hospital or outpatient department for liver function testing due to their own diseases. The inclusion criteria were a gestational age of ≥35 weeks, a birth weight of ≥2 000 g, and an age of ≤28 days. The neonate′s parents used the JCard to measure jaundice at the neonate′s cheek. Within 2 hours of the JCard measurement, transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) was measured with a JH20-1B device and total serum bilirubin (TSB) was detected. The Pearson′s correlation analysis, Bland-Altman plots and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used for statistic analysis.Results:Out of the 854 newborns, 445 were male and 409 were female; 46 were born at 35-36 weeks of gestational age and 808 were born at ≥37 weeks of gestational age. Additionally, 432 cases were aged 0-3 days, 236 cases were aged 4-7 days, and 186 cases were aged 8-28 days. The TSB level was (227.4±89.6) μmol/L, with a range of 23.7-717.0 μmol/L. The JCard level was (221.4±77.0) μmol/L and the TcB level was (252.5±76.0) μmol/L. Both the JCard and TcB values showed good correlation ( r=0.77 and 0.80, respectively) and agreements (96.0% (820/854) and 95.2% (813/854) of samples fell within the 95% limits of agreement, respectively) with TSB. The JCard value of 12 had a sensitivity of 0.93 and specificity of 0.75 for identifying a TSB ≥205.2?μmol/L, and a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.35 for identifying a TSB ≥342.0?μmol/L. The TcB value of 205.2?μmol/L had a sensitivity of 0.97 and specificity of 0.60 for identifying TSB levels of 205.2 μmol/L, and a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.26 for identifying TSB levels of 342.0 μmol/L. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of JCard for identifying TSB levels of 153.9, 205.2, 256.5, and 342.0 μmol/L were 0.96, 0.92, 0.83, and 0.83, respectively. The AUC of TcB were 0.94, 0.91, 0.86, and 0.87, respectively. There were both no significant differences between the AUC of JCard and TcB in identifying TSB levels of 153.9 and 205.2 μmol/L (both P>0.05). However, the AUC of JCard were both lower than those of TcB in identifying TSB levels of 256.5 and 342.0 μmol/L (both P<0.05). Conclusions:JCard can be used to classify different levels of bilirubin, but its diagnostic efficacy decreases with increasing bilirubin levels. When TSB level are ≤205.2 μmol/L, its diagnostic efficacy is equivalent to that of the JH20-1B. To prevent the misdiagnosis of severe jaundice, it is recommended that parents use a low JCard score, such as 12, to identify severe hyperbilirubinemia (TSB ≥342.0 μmol/L).

Objective:To correlate peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with the occurrence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods:This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 203 patients who underwent long-term MHD at the Blood Purification Center, Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from May to June 2021 were included in this study. The counts of peripheral blood neutrophils and lymphocytes were determined and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was calculated. These patients were divided into a RLS group and a non-RLS group according to whether they developed RLS. RLS-related factors were evaluated using face-to-face interview questionnaires. Various clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed. The influential factors of RLS in patients undergoing MHD were analyzed through univariate regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 203 patients undergoing MHD were enrolled, 30 individuals were determined as current RLS cases (14.78%). The levels of NLR and PTH in the RLS group were 4.86 (3.39, 5.82) L/L and 244.50 (143.25, 406.50) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal group [3.51 (2.60, 5.24) L/L, 147.00 (94.80, 263.50) ng/L, Z = -3.38, -2.64, both P < 0.05]. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR, PTH, uric acid, and neutrophil count were correlated with RLS (Wald χ2 = 7.96, 4.99, 4.76, 8.33, all P < 0.05). NLR was the independent risk factor of RLS (Wald χ2 = 6.14, P < 0.05) in multivariate models adjusting for confounding factor. Conclusion:The prevalence of RLS is high in patients undergoing MHD. RLS is assicuated with NLR among patients undergoing MHD after adjusting for confounding factor. RLS is likely associated with systemic inflammatory diseases.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of uremic pruritus and related factors in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods:A total of 212 patients with uremia who undergo hemodialysis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University in March 2021 were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including gender, age and blood biochemical indicators were collected. The 5D itch scale was used to evaluate skin itch in patients. The included patients were divided into pruritus and no pruritus groups according to evaluation results. Related indicators were compared between the two groups. Binary logistic regression analysis of skin itch related factors was performed.Results:According to 5D itch scale evaluation results, 129 patients (60.85%) of the 212 patients had no skin pruritus, and 83 patients (39.15%) had skin pruritus. In the pruritus group, age, hypersensitive C-reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, brain natriuretic peptide, ferritin were 63.0 (51.0, 72.0) years, 1.66 (0.30, 7.85) mg/L, 93.0 (70.0, 118.0) U/L, 192.0 (84.9, 446.4) ng/L and 421.0 (291.6, 577.6) μg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than 53.0 (42.0, 63.0) years, 0.40 (0.30, 1.88) mg/L, 79.0 (62.0, 99.0) U/L, 143.3 (65.8, 256.5) ng/L, 356.8 (203.3, 528.4) μg/L in the pruritus group ( Z = -3.14, -3.96, -3.05, -2.88, -2.11, all P < 0.05). Increased hypersensitive C-reactive protein, brain natriuretic peptide, ferritin levels ( Wald = 14.58, 4.17, 4.23, all P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for uremic pruritus. Conclusion:Uremic pruritus remains a serious problem in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Increased hypersensitive C-reactive protein, ferritin, brain natriuretic peptide levels are independent risk factors for uremic pruritus. In clinical work, physicians should focus on strengthening the early identification of patients, optimizing treatment measures, and improving the quality of life of patients.

Objective:To investigate the effects of miRNA-628-3p (miR-628-3p) on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer H1299 cells and its targeting relationship with insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R).Methods:The blank control group (untreated H1299 cells), miR-NC group (H1299 cells transfected with empty plasmid), miR-628-3p-M group (H1299 cells transfected with miR-628-3p mimic sequence plasmid) and miR-628-3p-I group (H1299 cells transfected with miR-628-3p inhibitory sequence plasmid) were established. The cells in each group were cultured for 72 h, and the cell proliferation ability was detected by methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) method, the number of cell monoclonal formation was determined by crystal violet staining, the level of cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, and the cell invasion ability was determined by Transwell method. The mRNA levels of miR-628-3p and IGF-1R in cells were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the protein level of IGF-1R in cells was determined by Western blotting.Results:Compared with the blank control group and miR-NC group, the cell survival rate [(42±7)% vs. (78±6)%, (76±7)%], the number of monoclonal formation [235±35 vs. 614±89, 618±75], the number of invasive cells [(265±85) cells vs. (693±185) cells, (703±119) cells], relative expression of IGF-1R mRNA (2.17±0.14 vs. 3.38±0.15, 3.37±0.13) and relative expression of IGF-1R protein (0.34±0.13 vs. 0.89±0.19, 0.88±0.18) in the miR-628-3p-M group were lower (all P < 0.05), but the apoptosis rate [(9.30±3.51)% vs. (3.30±1.54)%, (3.10±1.94)%] and relative expression of miR-628-3p (6.93±0.17 vs. 3.29±0.15, 3.30±0.16) were higher (all P < 0.05); the cell survival rate [(90±6)%], the number of monoclonal formation (1 063±102), the number of invasive cells [(1 985±426) cells], relative expression of IGF-1R mRNA (4.30±0.18) and relative expression of IGF-1R protein (1.47±0.17) in the miR-628-3p-I group were higher (all P < 0.05), but the apoptosis rate [(0.90±0.20)%] and the relative expression of miR-628-3p (1.93±0.18) were lower (both P < 0.05). Compared with the miR-628-3p-M group, the miR-628-3p-I group had higher cell survival rate, the number of monoclonal formation, the number of invasive cells, and the relative expressions of IGF-1R mRNA and protein (all P < 0.05), but the apoptosis rate and relative expression of miR-628-3p were lower (both P < 0.05). Conclusions:After regulation of miR-628-3p level, the proliferation, migration and invasion of H1299 cells are affected. miR-628-3p may have a targeting relationship with IGF-1R.