BACKGROUND:U937 cells can be used as a cell model for studying the biological characteristics,signaling pathways,and therapeutic targets of acute myeloid leukemia.Although it has been reported that long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia,its biological function in U937 cells remains unclear,and its mechanism of action in the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia needs to be further clarified. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression level of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 in peripheral blood of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and its effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells. METHODS:RNA-sequencing was used to analyze the bone marrow monocyte samples from acute myeloid leukemia patients,and the differentially expressed gene long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 was screened.The expression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 in peripheral blood of patients with acute myeloid leukemia was detected by qRT-PCR.The relationship between long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 mRNA expression and prognosis in bone marrow cells of 173 acute myeloid leukemia patients and 70 healthy people was statistically analyzed by GEPIA database.Subsequently,recombinant lentivirus technology and CRISPR/Cas9-SAM technology were used to construct U937 cell lines with knockdown/overexpression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125.qRT-PCR was used to detect the knockdown/overexpression efficiency of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125.Next,CCK-8 assay,flow cytometry,and western blot assay were used to detect the effects of knockdown/overexpression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 on the proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells.Finally,western blot assay was used to detect the effect of knockdown/overexpressed long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related proteins. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of qRT-PCR showed that long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 was highly expressed in peripheral blood of acute myeloid leukemia patients.The results of GEPIA database showed that long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 was highly expressed in bone marrow cells of acute myeloid leukemia patients,and the high expression group had worse overall survival.(2)The knockdown efficiency of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 in knockdown group was 70%,and the U937 cells that stably down-regulated long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 expression were successfully constructed.The expression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 in overexpression group was four times that of vector group,and stable U937 cells were successfully constructed.(3)Knockdown of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 inhibited the proliferation of U937 cells and promoted their apoptosis.Overexpression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 promoted the proliferation of U937 cells but had no significant effect on the apoptosis of U937 cells.(4)Knockdown of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 inhibited the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,while overexpression of long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.These results confirm that long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia peripheral blood.Long non-coding RNA KIAA0125 may affect the proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,and may be a potential prognostic marker for acute myeloid leukemia.

Objective To retrieve,extract,evaluate,and integrate the relevant evidence of postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation management in patients with lung cancer complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,so as to provide an evidence-based basis for improving the quality of postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation.Methods Relevant literature on postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation of lung cancer complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were searched by computer from clinical decisions,guideline websites,professional association websites,and comprehensive databases.The types of the literature included clinical decisions,guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries,systematic reviews,meta-analyses,and randomized controlled trials.The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to September 2023.Results A total of 19 articles were included,including 4 clinical decisions,3 guidelines,6 expert consensuses,1 evidence summary,3 systematic reviews,and 2 randomized controlled trials.Through reading,extraction and classification,23 pieces of best evidence were finally formed,including multidisciplinary cooperation,evaluation,pulmonary rehabilitation strategies and health education.Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for postoperative lung rehabilitation management in patients with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Clinical medical staff can implement practical evidence for postoperative lung rehabilitation based on actual situations,and promote the transformation of evidence-based knowledge into practice.

BACKGROUND:Myelodysplastic syndrome has worse hazards of acute myeloid leukemia transformation,and some studies have revealed that immune infiltration plays a vital part in the two.Nevertheless,more studies are required to confirm the relationship between immune infiltration and related differentially expressed gene regulation. OBJECTIVE:To screen the differentially expressed genes with prognostic significance between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia by bioinformatics analysis and explore the possible roles and mechanisms among these differentially expressed genes and immune infiltration mechanisms in the occurrence and progression of diseases. METHODS:The differentially expressed genes were screened for bioinformatics analysis using the GEO datasets,and analyzed by DO,GO,KEGG and GSEA.The TCGA prognostic database was used to plot the K-M curves of differentially expressed genes and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was applied to evaluate the clinical diagnostic performance.Finally,CIBERSORT analysis was used to intuitively demonstrate the correlation between critical prognostic genes and the distribution of immuno-infiltrated cells.RT-qPCR was employed to detect peripheral blood samples from healthy controls,myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia patients so as to verify the crucial genes preliminarily. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 150 differentially expressed genes were obtained between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia,among which 16 genes were up-regulated and 134 were down-regulated.(2)The results of DO,GO,KEGG and GSEA analysis suggested that differentially expressed genes might promote the development of myelodysplastic syndrome to acute myeloid leukemia by regulating the immune response.CIBERSORT revealed the differences in immune infiltration between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia.The distribution of CD4+ T cells,monocytes,neutrophils and M1 macrophages decreased in acute myeloid leukemia patients.In contrast,the distribution of inflammatory suppressor cells M2 macrophages increased,suggesting that it may be related to the immunosuppression of acute myeloid leukemia.(3)K-M curve and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of 150 differentially expressed genes screened out four genes relevant to immunity and prognosis with good diagnostic performance:MANSC1,FLT3,BMX and CXCR2.(4)The results of RT-qPCR exhibited that MANSC1,BMX and CXCR2 were low expressed,while FLT3 was highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia patients.These findings verify that the differential expression of MANSC1,FLT3,BMX and CXCR2 in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia is not only significantly correlated with the prognosis of patients but may also affect the occurrence and development of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia by regulating the immune infiltration of patients.They can be used as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of the transformation from myelodysplastic syndrome to acute myeloid leukemia,providing a new direction for clinical diagnosis and treatment of the transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome.

Objective To analyze the fairness of human resource allocation in professional public health agency (PHA) in Guangdong Province in 2022. Methods Health technical staff, other technical staff, and management staff from PHAs in Guangdong Province, such as disease prevention and control centers, specialized disease prevention and treatment institutions, maternal and child health institutions, health education centers, emergency centers/stations, blood collection and supply institutions, health supervision agencies, and family planning service centers under health departments, were selected as the study subjects. Data on human resource allocation in PHAs were collected, and the Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient, and Theil index were used to analyze the fairness of personnel allocation based on three dimensions: year-end resident population, geographical area, and regional gross domestic product. Results The number of PHA personnel per 10 000 population in four regions of the Pearl River Delta, eastern, western and mountain area in Guangdong Province was (7.49±3.74), (4.74±0.87), (8.73±1.67) and (10.33±1.80), respectively. There was no correlation between the per capita regional gross dumestic product of each prefecture level city and the number of PHA personnel (Spearman′s rank correlation coefficient=0.43, P>0.05). PHA resource allocation based on year-end resident population was more equitable than allocations based on geographical area or regional gross dumestic product, as indicated by the Lorenz curve being closest to the 45° standard line and the lowest Gini coefficient. The fairness of personnel allocation from high to low was ranked as follows: practicing (assistant) physicians, health technicians, registered nurses, managers personnel, and other technical personnel, with Theil indices of 0.035 0, 0.036 4, 0.044 6, 0.048 4, and 0.053 5, respectively. The differences in configuration fairness were derived from within group differences, with contribution rates of 76.0%, 73.9%, 71.8%, 82.9%, and 92.2%. The Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient, and Theil index were consistent in the distribution of permanent residents at the end of the year. Conclusion The fairness of professional human resource allocation in Guangdong Province based on the distribution of permanent residents at the end of the year is better than that based on geographical area and regional gross domestic product. The fairness of the allocation of practicing (assistant) physicians is better than that of other professional categories. Regional differences are the main reason for the relatively unfair allocation of PHA human resources in Guangdong Province.

Evaluating the consistency of herb injectable formulations could improve their product quality and clinical safety, particularly concerning the composition and content levels of trace ingredients. Panax notoginseng Saponins Injection (PNSI), widely used in China for treating acute cardiovascular diseases, contains low-abundance (10%-25%) and trace saponins in addition to its five main constituents (notoginsenoside R₁, ginsenoside Rg₁, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb₁, and ginsenoside Rd). This study aimed to establish a robust analytical method and assess the variability in trace saponin levels within PNSI from different vendors and formulation types. To achieve this, a liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method employing multiple ions monitoring (MIM) was developed. A "post-column valve switching" strategy was implemented to eliminate highly abundant peaks (NR₁, Rg₁, and Re) at 26 min. A total of 51 saponins in PNSI were quantified or relatively quantified using 18 saponin standards, with digoxin as the internal standard. This study evaluated 119 batches of PNSI from seven vendors, revealing significant variability in trace saponin levels among different vendors and formulation types. These findings highlight the importance of consistent content in low-abundance and trace saponins to ensure product control and clinical safety. Standardization of these ingredients is crucial for maintaining the quality and effectiveness of PNSI in treating acute cardiovascular diseases.
Ginsenosides ; Saponins ; Chemometrics ; Panax notoginseng ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective:To establish a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) humanized mouse model for hepatoblastoma in children. In addition, compare the biological consistency between successfully modeled PDX tumors and primary tumors in children while comparing and analyzing the influence of PDX model modeling success as a key factor.Methods:A PDX tumor model was constructed from fresh tumor tissue samples from 39 children with hepatoblastoma. The tumor growth time and volume size were recorded in detail. Simultaneously, 39 children’s data were collected for experimental and clinical analysis. The difference in tumorigenesis rate between different parameters was analyzed by χ2 test (categorical variable). Continuous variables with a normal distribution were compared using the t-test. Results:After cell passage and pathological diagnosis, 21 cases of hepatoblastoma PDX models were successfully constructed, with a success rate of 53.8% (21/39). Tumor samples from each generation of successfully modeled PDX models had pathology results that were consistent with those of the corresponding primary tumors. The analysis of the key factors affecting the tumor formation rate of PDX revealed that the metastasis rate was more successful in primary tumors than in liver in situ tumors (7/8 vs. 14/31, P = 0.049). However, there was no significant difference between tumor formation rates and pathological subtypes. According to the PDX tumor formation group comparison between the primary tumor and the metastatic tumor, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of tumor formation time and tumor volume. Hematoxylin-eosin staining in hepatoblastoma’s PDX mouse was consistent with the primary tumor. Immunohistochemistry positivity rates of four proteins, namely hepatocyte antigen (Hepatocyte), phosphatidylinositol glycan 3, β-catenin, and alpha-fetoprotein, in primary tumor tissues and PDX mouse models were 100% vs. 100%, 100% vs. 95.24%, 100% vs. 100%, and 95.24% vs. 85.71%, respectively. Conclusion:A PDX mouse model for hepatoblastoma has been successfully established in children. The tumor formation rate is high, with metastatic tumors having a higher tumor formation rate than primary tumors and transplanted tumors retaining the biological characteristics of primary tumors.

Objective:To compare the pathological results and complications of limited and extended pelvic lymph node dissection among high-risk prostate cancer patients, and to explore the risk factors that affect the rate of lymph node metastasis in high-risk prostate cancer patients.Methods:The data of 800 high-risk prostate cancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection from January 2016 to December 2020 in three affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were analyzed retrospectively. According to the scope of pelvic lymph node dissection, they were divided into limited pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLND) group and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (EPLND) group. There were 172 patients underwent LPLND, and 628 patients underwent EPLND.The age of the patients in the LPLND group was 67 (62, 72) years old, diagnosed PSA 20.7 (10.9, 54.8) ng/ml. The biopsy Gleason score 6 in 22 cases, 7 in 59 cases, 8 in 56 cases and 9-10 in 35 cases.The clinical T stage: T 1 in 29 cases, T 2 in 102 cases, T 3 in 37 cases, T 4 in 4 cases; N 0 in 160 cases and N 1 in 12 cases. 50 patients received neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. The age of patients in the EPLND group was 67 (63, 72) years old, diagnosed PSA was 23.9 (14.0, 46.8) ng/ml. Biopsy Gleason Score 6 in 51 cases, 7 in 194 cases, 8 in 218 cases and 9-10 in 165 cases. Clinical T stage: T 1 in 114 cases, T 2 in 341 cases, T 3 in 144 cases, T 4 in 29 cases; N 0 in 526 cases and N 1 in 102 cases.158 patients received neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. There were no significant differences in the age, PSA, puncture Gleason score, clinical T stage, and whether or not to receive neoadjuvant hormonal therapy between the two groups of patients ( P>0.05). The difference in clinical N staging was statistically significant ( P=0.002). The number of postoperative lymph nodes, positive pelvic lymph nodes and postoperative complications and other related clinical and pathological data of the two groups were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of patients with positive lymph nodes. Results:The median number of lymph nodes harvested [13(8, 19)vs. 6(4, 13), P<0.001] and the rate of positive lymph node cases[31.2%(196/628) vs. 10.5%(18/172), P<0.001] in the EPLND group was significantly higher than those in the LPLND group. Preoperative PSA, clinical N staging, Gleason score, and way of lymph node dissection were independent risk factors for postoperative positive pelvic lymph node in high-risk prostate cancer patients. Compared with the LPLND group, the ELPND group had a higher postoperative complication rate [19.9%(125/628) vs. 11.0%(11/172), P=0.007]. Conclusions:Compared with the LPLND, EPLND in high-risk prostate cancer patients can harvest more lymph nodes and increase the detection rate of positive lymph nodes. The complications of EPLND were higher than those of LPLND. Preoperative PSA, clinical N stage, Gleason score, and the way of lymph node dissection are independent risk factors for positive pelvic lymph node dissection.

Objective To discuss the controversial role of breast milk in late-onset group B Streptococcus (GBS) infections.Methods This study reported a case of recurrent late-onset GBS sepsis with the suspicion of breast milk transmission in an extremely preterm infant born at 22+6 weeks who was treated at the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital in September 2016.Literatures about late-onset GBS cases associated with contaminated breast milk were reviewed to investigate whether GBS could be transmitted through breast milk.Results (1) Case report:A breast-fed extremely preterm infant born at 22+6 gestational weeks suffered from GBS sepsis along with meningitis for the first time on 100 d.The mother was negative for rectovaginal GBS screening.Breast milk wasn't tested as no signs of mastitis were found.The neonate recovered from the first GBS sepsis after 14 days of antibiotic treatment,then returned to breastfeeding.On 126 d,GBS sepsis reoccurred in this baby.Fresh breast milk culture yielded GBS which was identical with the GBS strains isolated from the neonatal blood in antimicrobial susceptibility.After recovery from the second episode,the baby was partially breastfed again without further relapses of late-onset GBS sepsis.(2) Literature review:64 cases of late-onset GBS infections that transmitted via breast milk were retrieved from PubMed,while no Chinese cases had been reported.Clinical data of the 65 cases (including this case) were reviewed and the results revealed that contaminated breast milk was associated with late-onset GBS infections.The reported relapse rate of GBS infections transmitted via breast milk was 25％ for two episodes and 7％ for three episodes.Conclusions GBS contaminated breast milk could potentially cause late-onset GBS sepsis in infants and further studies are required to identify the underlying mechanisms.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between tumor deposits(TD) and clinicopathological features of locally advanced gastric cancer(LAGC) patients. Methods: The clinicopathological characteristics of 300 LAGC patients undergoing radical gastrectomy in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from Jan 2014 to Jul 2017 were collected. The relationship between clinicopathological features and prognosis of LAGC patients and TD status in LAGC patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results: TD were positive in 65(21.7%) patients. Univariate analysis showed that the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, pTNM stage, tumor size, vascular invasion, preoperative tumor markers were correlated with the status of TD(all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that lymph node metastasis, pTNM stage, vascular invasion and depth of invasion were independent risk factors for positive TD (allP<0.05). Univariate analysis on prognosis of LAGC patients showed lesion location, degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis, pTNM stage, tumor size, positive TD, number of TD and vascular invasion are associated with prognosis of LAGC (all P<0.05). Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that the number of TD >3 was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of LAGC patients(HR=2.242, 95% CI: 1.484-3.386, P=0.000). The median survival time of TD-positive LAGC was less than TD-negative group(χ²=91.077, P<0.001). The median survival time of TD number>3 group was significantly shorter than that in TD number<3 group and TD-negative group(χ²=192.969, P<0.001). Conclusions TD are closely related to tumor stage in LAGC patients. The status of TD is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of LAGC. Multiple TDs indicate poor prognosis of LAGC patients.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics,treatment and prognosis of retinoblasto-ma without calcification.Methods The clinic and pathologic data of 20 cases of retinoblastoma without calcification were analyzed retrospectively.All the cases were selected from 710 cases of retinoblastoma archived in Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University from April 2010 to April 2015.The inclusion criteria was no calcification on CT scan before treatment.The patients after enuclea-tion were diagnosed according to pathology;the patients without enu-cleation were diagnosed according to clinical manifestations,Retcam fundus,ophthalmic ultrasound and the reduction of tumor after chemotherapy.The clinical features,treatment and prognosis were summarized through statistical analysis of the 20 cases.The patients were followed -up through clinical reexamination and telephone calls.Results In this study,there were 14(70.0%)male and 6(30.0%)female patient′s;there were 19 cases(95.0%)less than 5 -year -old,14 cases (70.0%)less than 3 -year -old,1 case (5.0%)less than 1 -year -old.Eighteen cases (90.0%)were unilateral disease,and 2 cases (10.0%)were bilateral disease.According to international Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification stage:4 cases (18.2%)in stage E ,17 cases (77.3%)in stage D ,1 case (4.5%)in stage C.Five cases (25.0%)were enucleated eyes,and pathology report was retinoblastoma.Nine cases (45.0%) were treated with pre -enucleation chemotherapy,and finally enucleated after poor tumor shrinkage or recurrence,and the pathology was retinoblastoma.Five cases (25.0%)without enucleation were stable.One case (5.0%)failed to follow -up owing to the patients irregular treatment.In 14 enucleation cases,histopathologic high risk factors could be found in 3 cases (21 .4%),and couldn′t be found in the other 11 cases (78.6%).In the cases that were not enuclea-ted,the tumor diminished in size or new calcification presented in the fundus examination,and in 12 cases,new calcifi-cation was pre-sented on follow -up CT scan.Follow -up failed in 1 case(5.0%),but follow -up was available for 19 cases,and among them 13 cases (68.4%)were disease -free survival and 6 cases (31 .6%)were alive with tumor. Conclusions Close attention should be paid to the untypical retinoblastoma with no calcification on CT scan through well -taken medical history and meticulous imaging examination,in order to give early diagnosis and therapy.