Objective:To observe and verify the changes of transcriptome in hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI), and to further clarify the changes of pathways in HALI.Methods:Twelve healthy male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normoxia group and HALI group according to the random number table, with 6 mice in each group. The mice in the normoxia group were fed normally in the room, and the mice in the HALI group was exposed to 95% oxygen to reproduce the HALI animal model. After 72 hours of hyperoxia exposure, the lung tissues were taken for transcriptome sequencing, and then Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed. The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed under light microscope after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to verify the key molecules in the signal pathways closely related to HALI identified by transcriptomics analysis.Results:Transcriptomic analysis showed that hyperoxia induced 537 differentially expressed genes in lung tissue of mice as compared with the normoxia group including 239 up-regulated genes and 298 down-regulated genes. Further KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 20 most significantly enriched pathway entries, and the top three pathways were ferroptosis signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway and glutathione (GSH) metabolism signaling pathway. The related genes in the ferroptosis signaling pathway included the up-regulated gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the down-regulated gene solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11). The related genes in the p53 signaling pathway included the up-regulated gene tumor suppressor gene p53 and the down-regulated gene murine double minute 2 (MDM2). The related gene in the GSH metabolic signaling pathway was up-regulated gene glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1). The light microscope showed that the pulmonary alveolar structure of the normoxia group was normal. In the HALI group, the pulmonary alveolar septum widened and thickened, and the alveolar cavity shrank or disappeared. RT-RCR and Western blotting confirmed that compared with the normoxia group, the mRNA and protein expressions of HO-1 and p53 in lung tissue of the HALI group were significantly increased [HO-1 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCt): 2.16±0.17 vs. 1.00±0.00, HO-1 protein (HO-1/β-actin): 1.05±0.01 vs. 0.79±0.01, p53 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCt): 2.52±0.13 vs. 1.00±0.00, p53 protein (p53/β-actin): 1.12±0.02 vs. 0.58±0.03, all P < 0.05], and the mRNA and protein expressions of Grx1, MDM2, SLC7A11 were significantly decreased [Grx1 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCt): 0.53±0.05 vs. 1.00±0.00, Grx1 protein (Grx1/β-actin): 0.54±0.03 vs. 0.93±0.01, MDM2 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCt): 0.48±0.03 vs. 1.00±0.00, MDM2 protein (MDM2/β-actin): 0.57±0.02 vs. 1.05±0.01, SLC7A11 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCt): 0.50±0.06 vs. 1.00±0.00, SLC7A11 protein (SLC7A11/β-actin): 0.72±0.03 vs. 0.98±0.01, all P < 0.05]. Conclusions:HALI is closely related to ferroptosis, p53 and GSH metabolism signaling pathways. Targeting the key targets in ferroptosis, p53 and GSH metabolism signaling pathways may be an important strategy for the prevention and treatment of HALI.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical features and surgical treatment methods of primary parapharyngeal space tumors.METHODS The clinical data of 38 patients with primary parapharyngeal space tumors who were treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from June 2005 to April 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and their clinical manifestations,imaging data,surgical methods,postoperative complications,postoperative pathological types and prognosis were analyzed.RESULTS The clinical manifestations of 38 patients were mainly pharyngeal discomfort and pharyngeal distension.CT and MRI can determine the size,location,and relationship of the tumor to surrounding tissue.The surgical methods included transcervical approach in 17 cases,transoral approach in 15 cases,transcervical-transparotid approach in 4 cases,and transcervical-transmandibular approach in 2 cases.Postoperative pathology diagnosed 28 cases(73.7%)of benign tumors and 10 cases(26.3%)of malignant tumors.After the postoperative follow-up of 2 months-17 years,there was no recurrence of benign tumor patients,and patients with malignant tumors survived well after comprehensive treatment with surgery and radiotherapy and chemotherapy.CONCLUSION Most patients with primary parapharyngeal space tumors have no specific clinical symptoms,and the types of pathologies are diverse.Choosing the appropriate surgical approach to remove the tumor is key to treatment.Neurologic deficits are the most important postoperative complication.Patients with benign tumors have good long-term effects after surgery,and patients with malignant tumors have better efficacy in the combination of surgery and chemoradiotherapy.

Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are the main therapy for epilepsy.There are many kinds of ASMs with complex mechanism of action, so it is difficult for pharmacists to examine prescriptions.This paper put forward some suggestions on the indications, dosage forms/routes of administration, appropriateness of usage and dosage, combined medication and drug interaction, long-term prescription review, individual differences in pathophysiology of children, and drug selection when complicated with common epilepsy, for the reference of doctors and pharmacists.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of self-made multifunctional endoscopic instrument accessory stent in endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD).Methods:A total of 80 patients who received ESD in 924th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People′s Liberation Army from May 2019 to February 2021 were selected as research object. Random number table method was used to divide patients into control group and experimental group, 40 cases in each group. The experimental group used self-made endoscopic instrument accessory stent, and the control group did not use self-made endoscopic instrument accessory stent. The length of operation, the number of instruments taken by mistake, the number of instruments polluted during operation and the infection of postoperative 3-7 days under the same operation position, operating doctors and nurses were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of instruments taken by mistake, the incidence of instruments polluted during operation and the infection rate of postoperative 3-7 days were 0.9% (8/856), 1.4% (12/856) and 2.5% (1/40) in the experimental group, which in the control group were 10.8% (96/887), 11.8% (105/887) and 15.0% (6/40) respectively, there were significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=75.92, 75.76, 3.91, all P<0.05). The length of operation in the experimental group was (51.56 ± 2.32) min, and that in the control group was (79.02 ± 2.83) min, the difference was statistically significant ( t=-8.72, P<0.05). Conclusions:When the patients underwent ESD surgery, the self-made multifunctional accessory stent was used to place the required instrument accessory. The length of operation was shorter, the incidence of instruments taken by mistake, the incidence of instruments polluted during operation and the infection rate of postoperative 3-7 days were reduced, the quality of minimally invasive endoscopic surgery was improved.

Objective To investigate the effect of anti-human immunoglobulin M (IgM) on proliferation,apoptosis,cell cycle and tumor formation in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma HNE-1 cell line in vitro and in vivo.Methods After treatment with anti-human IgM antibody,proliferation of HNE-1 cells was observed by cell proliferation inhibition assay,apoptosis and cell cycle of HNE-1 cells were detected by flow cytometry,and apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL staining.Nude mouse models were constructed,and were injected intraperitoneally with anti-human IgM antibodies (once every 3 days).The growth of transplanted tumor was observed once every 4 days.After the fifth injection,the expression levels of IgM and gp96 protein in transplanted tumor were observed by immunohistochemical method (streptavidin-peroxidase conjugated method,SP).Results MTS assay showed that anti-human IgM antibody can significantly inhibit the proliferation of HNE-1 cells in concentration-and time-dependent manner (P＜0.05).Flow cytometry showed that the anti-human IgM antibody promoted a significant decrease in percentage of cells in G1 phase,a significant increase in percentage of cells in S phase,and a significant increase in apoptotic rate of HNE-1 cells (P＜0.05).TUNEL staining showed that the anti-human IgM antibody promoted apoptosis of HNE-1 cells (P＜0.01).Transplantation tumor experiment showed that anti-human IgM antibody can significantly inhibit the volume and weight of transplanted tumor (P＜0.05).The immunohistochemistry showed that the expression levels of IgM and gp96 proteins in mouse transplanted tumors after intraperitoneal injection with anti-human IgM antibodies were significantly lower than those of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The anti-human IgM anti-body could effectively inhibit the proliferation of HNE-1 cells,promote apoptosis,and arrest cell cycle.Anti-human IgM antibody could also inhibit the growth of transplanted tumor in nude mouse,which might be related to inhibition of the expressions of IgM and gp96 proteins.

Objective To observe the efficacy of lienal polypeptide injection combined with conventional therapy in treatment of children with recurrent respiratory infection and their influence on immune function.Methods A total of 128 children with recurrent respiratory infection were randomly divided into observation group and control group.Control group was given conventional therapy.On the basis of control group,observation group was given additional lienal polypeptide injection.All the children were followed up for 6 months,and the occurrence of respiratory infection was recorded.The changes of IgA,IgM,IgG and CD3 +,CD4 +,CDs +,CD4 +/CDs + were observed.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the IgA,IgM and IgG levels of observation group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05)while control group had no significant change (P ＞ 0.05).The CD3 +,CD4 +,CD4 +/CDs + of observation group increased significantly and CDs + decreased significantly after treatment (P ＜ 0.05),while control group had no significant change (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion On the basis of conventional therapy,lienal polypeptide injection can improve the therapeutic effect and enhance the immune function in children with recurrent respiratory infection.

Objective To observe the efficacy of lienal polypeptide injection combined with conventional therapy in treatment of children with recurrent respiratory infection and their influence on immune function.Methods A total of 128 children with recurrent respiratory infection were randomly divided into observation group and control group.Control group was given conventional therapy.On the basis of control group,observation group was given additional lienal polypeptide injection.All the children were followed up for 6 months,and the occurrence of respiratory infection was recorded.The changes of IgA,IgM,IgG and CD3 +,CD4 +,CDs +,CD4 +/CDs + were observed.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the IgA,IgM and IgG levels of observation group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05)while control group had no significant change (P ＞ 0.05).The CD3 +,CD4 +,CD4 +/CDs + of observation group increased significantly and CDs + decreased significantly after treatment (P ＜ 0.05),while control group had no significant change (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion On the basis of conventional therapy,lienal polypeptide injection can improve the therapeutic effect and enhance the immune function in children with recurrent respiratory infection.

Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-21-5p (miR-21-5p) on hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI) in rats and provide a theoretical basis for HALI gene therapy. Methods One hundred and sixty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups with number table:hyperoxia control group, phosphate buffer saline (PBS) group, blank virus group and miRNA-21-5p group (each, n = 40). The rats in hyperoxia control group were fed directly in the hyperoxia box (oxygen concentration > 90%); in the other three groups, 200 μL PBS, 200μL slow virus and 200μL miRNA-21-5p slow virus were dropped into the nose respectively, and then they were fed in the hyperoxia box. The rats were exposed to hyperoxia in the boxes for 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours in all the groups, and at each time point, 10 rats were taken randomly from each group to perform arterial blood-gas analysis, calculate oxygenation index (OI) and respiratory index (RI). Afterwards the rats were sacrificed by blood-letting from carotid artery under intra-peritoneal anesthesia, and the lung tissues were obtained to measure the left lung wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio, hemotoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was made and the pathological changes of the right lung were observed under light microscope and the pathological score was measured. Results At 0 hour, the OI, RI, lung W/D ratio and the lung tissue pathology score in rats with hyperoxic injury had no statistically significant differences among the four groups (all P>0.05). With the extension of time, the level of OI was gradually reduced, and the levels of RI, pathologic score and W/D ratio of lung tissues were gradually increased. Compared with the hyperoxia control group, in miRNA-21-5p group, the levels of OI were increased significantly at 24, 48 and 72 hours after the exposure to hyperoxia [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 24 hours 358.10±29.25 vs. 306.19±37.23, 48 hours 336.67±29.27 vs. 269.70±29.00, 72 hours 323.81±19.05 vs. 203.81±43.40, all P < 0.05], whereas the levels of RI were decreased significantly (24 hours 0.23±0.05 vs. 0.31±0.06, 48 hours 0.28±0.07 vs. 0.38±0.06, 72 hours 0.30±0.04 vs. 0.46±0.07, all P <0.05), the pathologic scores were decreased significantly (24 hours 0.60±0.52 vs. 0.90±0.74, 48 hours 1.30±0.95 vs.2.90±1.20, 72 hours 1.90±0.88 vs. 4.70±1.57, all P < 0.05) and the levels of W/D ratio were decreased obviously (24 hours 3.77±0.38 vs. 4.14±0.46, 48 hours 3.83±0.31 vs. 4.56±0.34, 72 hours 3.89±0.31 vs. 5.32±0.27, all P<0.05). Compared with the hyperoxia control group, the index results of the PBS group and the blank virus group after staying in the box had no statistical significant differences at each time point (all P>0.05). Under the optical microscope, along with the prolongation of exposure to hyperoxia, the structure of alveoli was gradually disturbed, their walls fractured and damaged, alveolar septa widened, edematous, infiltrated with inflammatory cells and in part of the rats a small amount of red blood cell exudates could be seen, but the degree of lung pathological injury in miRNA-21-5p group was much milder than that of the other groups. Conclusion The rat persistently exposed to hyperoxia for 24 hours can establish the rat model of HALI successfully, and the miRNA-21-5p can protect the lung tissue from the damage to some degrees in HALI rats.

Objective To explore the effects of mild and moderate acute hypobaric hypoxia on manual performance.Methods Using hypobaric chamber to simulate hypoxia conditions and devising 4 kinds of objective ergonomic testing items(Insert sticks into holes-board,ISIHB;nut-bolt assembly task,NBAT;shape discrimination,SD;and Grip strength,GS including fatigue and tolerance)and one subjective research item(questionnaire subjective sense)to examine manual work efficiency varieties of 9 subjects exposed to a hypobaric chamber with 5 simulated altitudes(3 500,4 000,4 500,5 000 and 5 500 m),for(25?5)min.Results Compared to control group(50 m,the altitude of Beijing):Accomplish time(AT)performance of ISIHB and NBAT significantly decreased(P

0 05). But significant difference was found between them in blood pressure. So far as altitude hypoxia tolerance test is concerned, Chinese female pilots can fly a fighter as male pilots.