Objective: To investigate the smartphone addiction among college students during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its association with daily behaviors and mental health,and to provide reference for heath education and psychological counseling for college students. Methods: An observational study using online quyestionnaire was conducted among 10 357 college students of two provincial medical schools in Guangdong and Shanxi Province from February 24th to March 4th in 2020. Participants were investigated on demographic information, smartphone addiction, daily routine, physical activity, weight status, anxiety, and other health information. Logistic regression with inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) based on propensity score was used to analyze the association between smartphone addiction with daily behavior and mental health. Results: The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 59.42%. The prevalence of phone addiction was higher in postgraduates, senior undergraduates, students with non-medical major, students living in GuangDong and those without regular exercise habit before vacation(χ 2=47.91，17.78，42.75，138.58，P<0.05). With IPTW, there were significant associations between smartphone addiction and late bedtimes (OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.66-1.98) and wake-up times (OR=1.55, 95%CI=1.44-1.68), more sedentary behaviors (OR=1.21, 95%CI=1.12-1.31), less moderate to vigorous physical activity (OR=1.33, 95%CI=1.22-1.44), anxiety (OR=2.98, 95%CI=2.52-3.40), weight gain(OR=1.27，95%CI=1.17-1.37) and other detrimental daily behavior and feelings. Conclusion High prevalence of smartphone addiction has been observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, with impaired daily behavior and mental health.

Brain decoding based on functional magnetic resonance imaging has recently enabled the identification of visual perception and mental states. However, due to the limitations of sample size and the lack of an effective reconstruction model, accurate reconstruction of natural images is still a major challenge. The current, rapid development of deep learning models provides the possibility of overcoming these obstacles. Here, we propose a deep learning-based framework that includes a latent feature extractor, a latent feature decoder, and a natural image generator, to achieve the accurate reconstruction of natural images from brain activity. The latent feature extractor is used to extract the latent features of natural images. The latent feature decoder predicts the latent features of natural images based on the response signals from the higher visual cortex. The natural image generator is applied to generate reconstructed images from the predicted latent features of natural images and the response signals from the visual cortex. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations were conducted with test images. The results showed that the reconstructed image achieved comparable, accurate reproduction of the presented image in both high-level semantic category information and low-level pixel information. The framework we propose shows promise for decoding the brain activity.

Objective: To explore the current status of nursing work process in Tianjin Third Grade A General Hospital, to interpret the available space of nursing human resources, and to find new ideas for configuration and optimization. Methods: According to the industrial engineering theory and program analysis method, combined with the characteristics of nursing professional, define the name of the activity, build the evaluation index and formula of the nursing process level, the workday practice method was used to investigate and analyze the nurses′ work processes in a total of 48 departments in four hospitals in Tianjin. Results: The overall nursing process level of Tianjin Third Grade A General Hospital was: β = 0.756. Among them, the process utility coefficient was: β₁=0.913, and the coherence coefficient is only: β₂=0.627. There were differences in the level of nursing processes between different hospitals and departments. Among them, the process coherence level was different and the overall level was low. Conclusions The level of nursing procedures in Tianjin Third Grade A General Hospital needs to be improved. It is necessary to improve the continuity of nursing work, appropriately increase the reserve talents, strengthen the standardized training of nursing procedures, and explore more flexible scheduling methods. Conditional hospitals and departments can explore the application of information technology in nursing work or implement an unaccompanied mode to reduce the workload of nurses and improve the continuity of the nursing process, thereby improving the level of nursing processes and improving the quality and efficiency of nursing work.

In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate longitudinal changes in brain activation during a verbal working memory (VWM) task performed by patients who had experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Twenty-five first-ever TIA patients without visible lesions in conventional MRI and 25 healthy volunteers were enrolled. VWM task-related fMRI was conducted 1 week and 3 months post-TIA. The brain activity evoked by the task and changes over time were assessed. We found that, compared with controls, patients exhibited an increased activation in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), insula, inferior parietal lobe (IPL), and cerebellum during the task performed 1 week post-TIA. But only the right IFG still exhibited an increased activation at 3 months post-TIA. A direct comparison of fMRI data between 1 week and 3 months post-TIA showed greater activation in the bilateral middle temporal gyrus, right DLPFC, IPL, cerebellum, and left IFG in patients at 1 week post-TIA. We conclude that brain activity patterns induced by a VWM task remain dynamic for a period of time after a TIA, despite the cessation of clinical symptoms. Normalization of the VWM activation pattern may be progressively achieved after transient episodes of ischemia in TIA patients.
Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Longitudinal Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Memory Disorders ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Memory, Short-Term ; physiology ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Oxygen ; blood ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors

Objective To investigate the effects of different delay time on examination results of patients with suspected cervical cancer after injection of contrast agents.Methods A total of 120 patients with suspected cervical cancer were selected and randomly divided into 20 s group,70 s group,90 s group and 120 s four groups.Patients in four groups were injected with non-ionic contrast agent iohexol(300 mgl/mL)90 mL,and the injection rate was 2 mL/s.Patients in four groups started the scanning at 20 s,70 s,90 s and 120 s after injection,and each group was scanned for 240 s.Arterial developing rate,venous developing rate,the positive rate of detection for cervical cancer,accuracy rate of stage for cervical cancer,and accuracy rate of tumor lymph node metastasis were compared between four groups.Results The results showed that the longer the delay time was,the higher the rate of venous developing was and the lower the rate of arterial developing was,and there were significant differences between the four groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate of cervical cancer between the four groups(P>0.05).There was significant difference in accuracy rate of stage for cervical cancer between four groups(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in accuracy rate of tumor lymph node metastasis between four groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Different delay time has affect the results of patients with suspected cervical cancer after injection of contrast agents.

Objective To investigate the effects of different delay time on examination results of patients with suspected cervical cancer after injection of contrast agents.Methods A total of 120 patients with suspected cervical cancer were selected and randomly divided into 20 s group,70 s group,90 s group and 120 s four groups.Patients in four groups were injected with non-ionic contrast agent iohexol(300 mgl/mL)90 mL,and the injection rate was 2 mL/s.Patients in four groups started the scanning at 20 s,70 s,90 s and 120 s after injection,and each group was scanned for 240 s.Arterial developing rate,venous developing rate,the positive rate of detection for cervical cancer,accuracy rate of stage for cervical cancer,and accuracy rate of tumor lymph node metastasis were compared between four groups.Results The results showed that the longer the delay time was,the higher the rate of venous developing was and the lower the rate of arterial developing was,and there were significant differences between the four groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate of cervical cancer between the four groups(P>0.05).There was significant difference in accuracy rate of stage for cervical cancer between four groups(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in accuracy rate of tumor lymph node metastasis between four groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Different delay time has affect the results of patients with suspected cervical cancer after injection of contrast agents.

Objective To investigate vitamin D ( VD) level and its influencing factors in 4-15-year-old children in southwest of Zhejiang province, so as to guide intervention strategy for improving VD level. Methods A total of 2 620 4 -15-year-old healthy children who visited Lishui People's Hospital for regular physical check-up between January and December 2014 were divided into 4 age groups, namely 4 -6 years (kindergarten), 7 -9 years (lower grades in primary school), 10 -12 years (higher grades in primary school), and 13-15 years (junior middle school).We randomly selected 200 children from each age group using a random number table.A survey using self-developed questionnaire was conducted to obtain information regarding diet, exposure to sunlight, and VD supplement.Serum 25-( OH) D level was measured with electro-chemiluminescence.VD nutritional status and composition, diet, sunlight exposure, VD supplement were com-pared among the groups.Results In southwest Zhejiang, the mean VD level in primary and middle school students was ( 24.76 ±8.39 ) μg/L, clinical deficiency rate was 31.5%, subclinical deficiency rate was 45.0%, and only 23.5% reached the appropriate level, which was even lower ( 14.5%) in junior middle school students.The VD deficiency rate elevated significantly along with the growth of age (P=0.036).The level of VD was positively correlated with sunlight exposure and VD supplementation, and showed significant in-ter-group differences ( all P<0.05 ) .Conclusions The nutritional status of VD is unfavorable and sunlight exposure insufficient in primary and middle school students in southwest Zhejiang province.We should encour-age students to take more outdoor activities and increase sunlight exposure to improve their VD nutritional sta-tus.Children >7 years should be given more attention to in the intervention of increasing sunlight exposure. Students with difficulties in getting adequate sunlight exposure need VD supplements.

Objective To observe the expression of Caspase-12 and GRP78 of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in cardiac arrest and beating heart mitral valve replacement Methods Thirty patients with rheumatic heart disease mitral stenosis were randomly divided into beating heart group (BH,n=15) and cardiac arrest group(CA, n = 15). Both groups accepted MVR by beating heart surgery and cardiac arrest surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) respectively. Right atrial myocardial tissues were collected at prior the start of CPB (T0), after aortic cross-clamping 30 minutes (BH group 30 minutes after CPB, T1) and stitched right atrium (T2) respectively. The method of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to detect the expression level of Caspase-12 and GRP78 in two groups and positive staining of Caspase-12 and GRP78 of myocardial tissue slices in both groups was observed by immunohistochemical method. Results The expression of Caspase-12 in CA group heightened at T1and significantly increased at T2 (P < 0.05) but the expression of Caspase-12 in BH group had increased in T2 only (P < 0.05). Caspase-12 in CA group expressed higher than that in BH group at T1 and T2. The expression of GRP78 had increased at T1 in two groups but it in CA group expressed higher than that inBH group at T2. The number of positive staining of Caspase-12 and GRP78 in CA group was higher than that in BH group at T2. Conclusion MVR of beating heart can reduce the reaction of ERS to enhance the myocardial protection under CPB.

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) is involved in the altered regional baseline brain function in social anxiety disorder (SAD). The aim of the study was to analyze the altered baseline brain activity in drug-naive adult patients with SAD. METHODS: We investigated spontaneous and baseline brain activities by obtaining the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 20 drug-naive adult SAD patients and 19 healthy controls. Voxels were used to analyze the ALFF values using one- and two-sample t-tests. A post-hoc correlation of clinical symptoms was also performed. RESULTS: Our findings show decreased ALFF in the bilateral insula, left medial superior frontal gyrus, left precuneus, left middle temporal gyrus, right middle temporal pole, and left fusiform gyrus of the SAD group. The SAD patients exhibited significantly increased ALFF in the right inferior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, bilateral middle occipital gyrus, orbital superior frontal gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, right medial superior frontal gyrus, and left parahippocampal gyrus. Moreover, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale results for the SAD patients were positively correlated with the mean Z values of the right middle occipital and right inferior occipital but showed a negative correlation with the mean Z values of the right superior temporal gyrus and right medial superior frontal gyrus. CONCLUSION: These results of the altered regional baseline brain function in SAD suggest that the regions with abnormal spontaneous activities are involved in the underlying pathophysiology of SAD patients.
Adult* ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders* ; Brain* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Orbit ; Parahippocampal Gyrus

The resting state cortical functional connectivity is an important method in current brain researches. In this paper, we propose an approach for analyzing and manipulating the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data using spatial independent component analysis (sICA) method, and applying the low-frequency oscillations theory to the choice of component of interest (COI) from the component obtained by sICA method. Firstly, we remove all the inactive voxels and independent voxels via Z value. Then, by making a spectrum analysis, we choose the COI with concentrations of energy between 0.01 and 0.1 Hz. And after that, we obtain the functional connectivity networks using hierarchical clustering.
Brain ; physiology ; Cluster Analysis ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Models, Neurological ; Principal Component Analysis