Objective To explore the effect of motor imagery therapy combined with balance evaluation and training on balance and performance in the activities of daily living (ADL) after an initial stroke.Methods A total of 48 stroke patients were randomly divided into a control group (n =25) and an observation group (n =23).All of the patients in both groups were given routine rehabilitation and balance training.In addition,the patients of the observation group were given motor imagery therapy.Balance and ADL performance were assessed before the training and 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the training began.The subjects' balance was analyzed using the center of the gravity shift index,shift angle,total length of shift trace and envelope area using a balance evaluation system and the balance subscale of the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FM-B).Performance in the activities of daily living was assessed using the modified Barthel index (MBI).Results Before the training there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of any of the measurements.After 2 weeks and 4 weeks of training,all the measurements in both groups were significantly better than those before training,but the improvement of the observation group was significandy greater than that of the control group (except in terms of the MBI).Conclusion Motor imagery therapy combined with balance training can distinctly improve the balance and activities of daily living of stroke survivors.The combination is worthy of application in the clinic.

Objective: To investigate the correlation of liver stiffness measured by FibroTouch (FT) and FibroScan (FS) with Ishak fibrosis score in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods: A total of 313 patients with chronic hepatitis B who visited Department of Liver Cirrhosis in Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2014 to May 2016 were enrolled. All the patients underwent liver biopsy, and FT and FS were used to determine liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Serum biochemical parameters were measured, and the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) in a multi-parameter model of liver fibrosis and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index were calculated. The consistency between the results of four noninvasive examinations and Ishak fibrosis score was compared. The t-test was used for comparison of LSM determined by FT and FS. Pearson correlation analysis was used investigate the correlation between LSM determined by FT and FS; Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and Knodell score with LSM determined by FT and FS; the correlation between LSM determined by FT and FS and fibrosis stage was analyzed by partial correlation analysis adjusted by Knodell score for liver inflammatory activity; Spearman correlation analysis was used for APRI, FIB-4, and fibrosis stage. Based on the Ishak fibrosis score, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the values of four noninvasive methods in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis. Results: There was no significant difference in LSM measured by FT and FS in all patients (15.75±9.42 kPa vs 15.42±10.52 kPa, P > 0.05) and Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between them (r = 0.858, P < 0.01); serum ALT and AST levels and liver inflammatory activity were correlated with LSM determined by FT and FS. There was a significant positive correlation between LSM determined by FT and FS and fibrosis stage (r = 0.501 and 0.526, both P < 0.001), and APRI and FIB-4 were also positively correlated with fibrosis stage (r = 0.236 and 0.218, both P < 0.001). Based on the Ishak fibrosis score, in the diagnosis of fibrosis stages F3, F4, F5, and F6, the areas under the ROC curve were 0.915/0.856/0.839/0.816 for FT, 0.933/0.883/0.849/0.856 for FS, 0.618/0.630/0.608/0.638 for APRI, and 0.614/0.624/0.595/0.649 for FIB-4, and FT and FS had a significantly larger areas under the ROC curve than APRI and FIB-4. Conclusion LSM determined by FT or FS has a good correlation with the Ishak fibrosis score, so FT and FS have a significantly better diagnostic performance for liver fibrosis than APRI and FIB-4.

OBJECTIVETo confirm a new allele HLA-B*13:01:06 and analyze its nucleotide sequence.

METHODSGenomic DNA was extracted using a Qiagen DNA extraction kit. Nucleotide sequences of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C and HLA-DRB1 were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence based typing (PCR-SBT). HLA high-resolution results were assigned, and the nucleotide sequences of HLA-B locus was compared with that of HLA-B*13:01:01.

RESULTSThe nucleotide sequence of the new allele shows a strong similarity to that of HLA-B*13:01:01. One nucleotide in exon 2 has changed from G to A at position 219 (codon 49 GCG>GCA), which however did not result in amino acid change.

CONCLUSIONThe novel allele verified by sequencing has been submitted to GenBank and officially named as HLA-B*13:01:06 by the World Health Organization HLA Nomenclature Committee.

Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Exons ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Objective To observe the effects of acupuncture therapy on triglyceride (TG) content of quadriceps femoris in the high fat diet feeding-induced insulin resistance rats; To discuss acupuncture mechanisms to improve the insulin sensitivity. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats at the age of eight weeks were randomly divided into normal group, model group, electro-acupuncture group, and sham electro-acupuncture group. The normal group was given basic diet, and model group, electro-acupuncture group and sham electro-acupuncture group were given high fat diet for 8 weeks, after which, the model of insulin resistance was successfully obtained. Electro-acupuncture group was given acupuncture therapy with “Guanyuan (GV4)”, “Zhognwan (GV12)”, “Zusanli (ST36)”, and “Fenglong (ST40)” for 8 weeks. Sham electro-acupuncture group was given stimulation at non-acupuncture points which were not on the meridians and near the acupoints but not at the area of the acupoints. In addition, food intake and body weight of each group were recorded, blood glucose was tested, TG content of quadriceps femoris was measured by enzymatic method after the treatment. Results The weight of the rats and TG levels of quadriceps femoris in electro-acupuncture group and sham electro-acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in model group, with significant statistical difference (P<0.05), especially in electro-acupuncture group. Conclusion Acupuncture therapy could improve insulin sensitivity to prevent and its related diseases.

Objective To abserve the acute toxicity in mice administered with Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid.Methods The maximum administration dosage(MAD)of Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid were determined by administration intragastricly in mice.Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid was administered for 2 weeks,and the growth condition,body weight growth and index of main viscera were measured.Results The index of growth condition,body weight growth and index of main viscera were in normal ranges.Conclusion It could be concluded that Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid is safe to be administered in the dose prescribed.

BACKGROUND:Different methods and biomaterials have been applied in animal experiments and clinical practice to prevent the formation of epidural scars,Biodegradable and sticky semi-fluid gels are the most often used material.Salvia miltforrhiza radix (SMR) and carbomer have been clinically confirmed to be the safe and effective drugs and gel agents. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of SMR-gel on preventing epidural adhesion after laminectomy.DESIGN:A complete randomized grouping design, a controlled experiment. SETTING:Department of Orthopaedics,Shenzhen People's Hospital (Second Clinical College of Jinan University). MATERIALS:Thirty-six healthy pure New Zealand rabbits were used,either male of female,clean degree,2-3 years of age. They were randomly divided into four groups with 9 rabbits in each group:blank control group,gel contro group, HA group and SMR-gel group. Carbomer934 powder (Shanghai People's Pharmaceutical Factory, batch number: 20000510) , hyaluronic acid (HA) [Shandong Bausch & Lomb Freda Pharaceutical, Co., Ltd.,No.H10960136,2 mL (20 mg)].METHODS:The experiments were carried out in the animal laboratory of Shenzhen People's Hospital from April 2002 to August 2003.①Preparing SMR-gel:SMR was prepared into extract powder.Carbomer934 powder was added by water for dissolving and swelling and stayed overnight,then SMR-gel was prepared by dipping with triethanolamine,adding with SMR extract powder (2 g),then adding with purified water till 100.0 g and stirring uniformly.②The rabbits were anesthetized. and the lamina of vertebra was totally resected at L3 and L6 (reserving superior and Inferior articular processes).then defects of 10 mm×5 mm were made to expose the dura mater.The vertebral defects were added with 1 mL carbomer gel, 1 mL HA (20 g/L) and 1 mL SMR-gel in the gel control group,HA group and SMR-gel group respectively.whereas nothing was added in the blank control group.③Gross samples:Three rabbits were killed 4,6 and 8 weeks postoperatively in each group.vertebraI ventral fascia were stripped to remove the spinal segments (L3,L6) for operation completely,and totally 24 samples for each time.One sample was selected in each group 4 weeks postoperatively. and the samples were observed under H-600 transmission electron microscope (Hitachi). ④The adhesion compactness of scar tissue with dura mater was evaluated in the 24 samples of the 4 groups at 8 weeks postoperatively:There were 4 grades:No obvious adhesion between dural sac and scar tissue for grade O:Extensive and compact adhesion between dural sac and scar tissue. impossible blunt dissection between dural sac and scar tissue.incomplete dural sac after sharp dissection for grade Ⅲ.Each spinal segment was cut into 4 parts equally,and all were prepared into sections and stained,then the thickness of epidural scar was determined with Tiger2000 image analyzer. ⑤The rank sum test was used in the scar adhesion compactness grading evaluated with naked eyes,whereas analysis of variance.and two-two comparison were used in analyzing the thickness of epidural scar.P＜0.05 was considered as significant difference.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Results of gross scar adhesion compactness grading at 8 weeks and comparison of the thickness of epidural scar at 4.6 and 8 weeks;②Results of gross observation,histological examination and ultrastructure.RESULTS: All the 36 rabbits were involved in the analysis of results. ①Results of gross observation and pathohistological examination:There was compact adhesion at each time point in the blank control group,part adhesion in the gel control group and HA group, and no obvious adhesion in the SMR-gel group.②Results of quantitative analysis:The rabbits with lower scores of scar adhesion compactness grading In the blank control group,gel control group and HA group were obviously fewer than those in the SMR-gel group (W=45-52,P＜0.05-0.01).The scar thickness at 4 and 8 weeks in the SMR-gel group was obviously less than that in the other 3 groups(F=128.657,152.246,80.891,P＜0.01).③Results of observation under transmission electron microscope:The proliferation of fibroblasts at 4 week was active in the blank control group,gel control group and HA group,but inactive in the SMR-gel group.CONCLUSION:①SMR can inhibit the fibroblasts to proliferate,differentiate and synthetize into secretory collagens,and then inhibit the formation of epidural scar adhesion.②HA can be absorbed by organs very early,which reduces its role in preventing adhesion.Whereas carbomer gel can stay longer, and it plays a role in inhibiting and blocking adhesion in the whole process of wound repairing.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare compound ofloxacin gel and to establish its quality control method.METHODS:Ofloxacin was used as principal agent to be mixed with dexamethasone sodium phosphate,carbomer 940 was taken as base material,the content of ofloxacin and dexamethasone were determined by HPLC method.RESULTS:The linear detection concentration ranges of ofloxacin and dexamethasone were 20～300?g/ml and 5～50?g/ml,respectively,the average recovery rates of which were (99.8?0.5)%(RSD=0.84%)and (100.6?0.8)%(RSD=0.87%),respectively.CONCLUSION:The preparation is stable in quality,the prepare technique is simple and the quality control is reliable.

OBJECTIVE:To understand the prophylactic antibiotics use in general surgeries performed in the hospital where the authors work.METHODS:500copies of discharge record of common surgical cases written between Jul.2005and Feb.2006were checked randomly,and the questionnaires about the general data and medication of the patients were filled out.Then the collected data were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The prophylactic drug use rate in TypeⅠincision operations reached up to98.8%,of which58.5%cases lacked clear indications of medication.The high rate of prophylactic drug use,improper time of drug use,and the prolonged continuous drug use were among the problems that existed in TypeⅠand TypeⅡincision operation.CONCLUSION:There remain many problems in the use of prophylactic antibiotics in the general surgeries performed in our hospital,which requires the strengthening of standardized administration of prophylactic antibiotic use.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare red sage gel for implantation and to establish a method for its quality control.METHODS:With carbamer934as vehicle,2%red sage gel was prepared;a HPLC method for the determination of tanshinone in gel was established.RESULTS:The calibration curve of tanshinoneⅡ A was linear in the concentration range of16.59～33.18ng/ml,Y=9723X—2569(n=5),r=0.9987.CONCLUSION:The preparation of red sage gel was simple,its quality was stable;the method of quality control was rapid and accurate.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare diclofenac sodium controlled release pellets and investigate the mechanism of re?lease.METHODS:Single-factor method was used to investigate the influence of the composition of solvent system in coating solution,the concentration of coating material,porogenic agent and plastifier on the release rate of drug.RESULTS:When the concentration of coating material and the proportion of water increased,the release rate of pellets was increased;the release rate was further increased with PVP K30 added.CONCLUSION:The pellets belongs to the matrix-coating pellets,and the release mechanism varies with the change of coating thickness.