Microwave thermotherapy(MWTT),as a treatment for tumors,lacks specificity and requires sensitizers.Most reported microwave sensitizers are single metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),which must be loaded with ionic liquids to enhance the performance in MWTT.Meanwhile,MWTT is rarely combined with other treatment modalities.Here,we synthesized a novel Fe-Cu bimetallic organic framework FeCuMOF(FCM)by applying a hydrothermal method and further modified it with methyl polyethylene glycol(mPEG).The obtained FCM@PEG(FCMP)showed remarkable heating performance under low-power microwave irradiation;it also acted as a novel nanospheres enzyme to catalyze H2O2 decompo-sition,producing abundant reactive oxygen species(ROS)to deplete glutathione(GSH)and prevent ROS clearance from tumor cells during chemodynamic treatment.The FCMP was biodegradable and demonstrated excellent biocompatibility,allowing it to be readily metabolized without causing toxic effects.Finally,it was shown to act as a suitable agent for T2 magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in vitro and in vivo.This new bimetallic nanostructure could successfully realize two tumor treatment modalities(MWTTand chemodynamic therapy)and dual imaging modes(T2 MRI and microwave thermal imaging).Our findings represent a breakthrough for integrating the diagnosis and treatment of tumors and pro-vides a reference for developing new microwave sensitizers.

Objective:To compare the difference of the ocular surface and efficacy of orthokeratology lenses wearing after using sodium hyaluronate eye drops, rewetting drops and saline solution.Methods:A randomized single-blind controlled trial was conducted.A total of 90 right eyes from 90 myopic patients were recruited from June 2017 to April 2018 in Hainan Eye Hospital.All the subjects received vision correction by orthokeratology lens, and were randomly divided into three groups by random number table method, with 30 eyes in each group.The sodium hyaluronate group was given preservative-free sodium hyaluronate eye drops (1 g/L), the rewetting drops group was given rewetting drops, and the saline solution group was given nonpreserved 0.9% NaCl.The vision, subjective refraction, corneal topography, non-invasive first tear film break-up time(NIKf-BUT) and fluorescein stain of corneal epithelium (FL) were detected before and 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months after the lens wearing.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the institutional Ethical Committee Review Board of Hainan Eye Hospital.Results:The NIKf-BUT in the sodium hyaluronate group at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after wearing orthokeratology lens was (7.13±1.71), (6.61±1.49), (6.37±1.82) and (7.01±1.63) seconds, respectively, which was obviously higher than (6.32±1.71), (5.53±1.42), (5.57±1.50) and (6.17±1.63) seconds in the rewetting drops group at the corresponding time points and (6.36±1.58), (5.81±1.49), (5.74±1.77) and (6.28±1.53) seconds in the saline solution group at the corresponding time points (all at P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in FL score between the rewetting drops group and saline solution group at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after wearing the orthokeratology lens (all at P>0.05). Lower FL scores were observed in the sodium hyaluronate group compared to the the rewetting drops group and saline solution group after wearing the orthokeratology lens (all at P<0.05). No differences were found in uncorrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent and average K value among the groups (all at P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with the rewetting drops and saline solution, the preservative-free sodium hyaluronate eye drops can stabilize the tear film and have less effect on corneal epithelium at the early stage of orthokeratology lens wearing.However, there is no significant difference in the improvement of visual acuity and the rate of corneal shaping.

Objective:To investigate the in vitro interaction between antifungals and tacrolimus against Fusarium solani. Methods:According to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI) M27-Ed4 and M38-A3, 24 strains of Fusarium solani isolated from clinic were used to test the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the four antifungals.Chessboard microdilution method was used to evaluate the interaction of tacrolimus (FK506) combined with four antifungals in vitro.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hainan Eye Hospital (No.2017-006). Results:The MIC ranges of fluconazole, voriconazole, natamycin and amphotericin B against 24 strains of Fusarium were 64-256 μg/ml, 1-8 μg/ml, 2-8 μg/ml and 1-8 μg/ml, respectively.Tacrolimus combined with fluconazole, voriconazole, natamycin and amphotericin B had synergistic effects on 12.5% (3/24), 4.2% (1/24), 16.7% (4/24) and 29.2% (7/24) Fusarium, respectively.There were no antagonistic effect in this study. Conclusions:Fusarium is sensitive to natamycin in vitro and partly sensitive to amphotericin B and voriconazole.Synergistic effects exist in few strains of Fusarium but no antagonistic effect.

Cancer theranostics has attracted increasing attention in the area of nanooncology, where the therapeutic drugs and diag-nostic imaging are integrated into a multifunctional nanoplatform. A theranostic nanoparticle can deliver therapeutic drugs and imag-ing agents simultaneously. Iron oxide based magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are one of the most typical theranostic nanoparticles and have many excellent properties, such as biosafety, superparamagnetism, and tunable surface modifications and functionalizations. Moreover, they have drug loading capacity along with the distinctive properties of T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (T2W MRI), magnetic targeting, and magnetic hyperthermia. Presently, iron oxide based MNPs are being widely used in cancer theranostic research. This paper introduces the general structure of iron oxide based MNPs and reviews their applications in cancer dual/multiple modal imaging (T2W MRI combining T1W MRI, CT, optical imaging, PET/SPECT, and ultrasound) and therapy (chemotherapy, photody-namic therapy, photothermal therapy, and magnetic hyperthermia).

Background Hainan Island is a tropical and subtropical area in China,with a suitable climate for fungal growth and breeding.Keratomycosis occurred frequently in this area.It is essential to analyze the causative genus and investigate the sensitive drugs prior to the clinical treatment of fungal keratitis.Objective This study attempted to analyze the fungal population of fungal corneal ulcer patients in Hainan Island of China and examine the susceptibility of antifungal drugs.Methods A series cases observational study was carried out.One hundred and seventy-four eyes of 174 fungal corneal ulcer patients were enrolled in Hainan Eye Hospital from February 2014 to May 2016 based on the diagnosis criteria in Ophthalmology.The specimens at corneal lesions were collected under the aseptic conditions,and fungus was examined by KOH based smear.Mycological culture was performed with potatodextrose agar and Sabourand's agar.The 82 cultured causative strains were identified to characterize the spectrum of the species associated with keratitis infections in Hainan Province.Susceptibilities of these causative strains to ten antifungals were determined in vitro by slip diffusion method.Results By smear microscopy,fungal hyphae and spores were found in 34 specimens of 126 patients,with the positive rate 27.0％.In 174 specimens of fungal culture,82 strains of fungi were found,with the positive rate 47.1％,and typing results revealed that the isolates were distributed among species in the fusarium (47.5％),non-spore fungus (12.2％),aspergillus (9.8％) and phoma (9.8％).Nystatin was proved to be the most effective drug to 77 strains of antifungal drug susceptibility,followed by amphotericin B and terbinafine,with the susceptibility of 88.3 ％,72.7 ％,and 71.4％,respectively.Conclusions Fusarium species,non-spore fungus,aspergillus,and phoma are common pathogenic fungi of keratomycosis around Hainan Island in China,and nystatin,amphotericin B and terbinafine are efficient in the treatment of the fungal corneal ulcer.

Background and objective Our previous study found that thymosinβ10 overexpressed in lung cancer and positively correlated with differentiation, lymph node metastasis and stage of lung cancer. In this reasearch we aim to study the effects and mechanism of exogenous human recombinant Tβ10 on the expression of VEGF-C on non-small cell lung can-cer. Methods Atfer SPC, A549 and LK2 cells were treated with 100 ng/mL recombinant human Tβ10, the mRNA level of VEGF-C were detected by RT-PCR. hTe mean while the protein expression of VEGF-C, P-AKT and AKT were determined by Western blot assay. Results Exogenous recombinant human Tβ10 were signiifcantly promote the expression levels of VEGF-C mRNA and protein while promoting the phosphorylation of AKT. Exogenous Tβ10 can promote the expression of VEGF-C mRNA and protein in lung cancer cell lines A549 and LK2 (P<0.05), and this effect can be inhibited by use AKT inhibitor LY294002 (P<0.05). Conclusion Tβ10 human recombinant proteins can promote the expression of VEGF-C by activating AKT phosphorylation in lung cancer cell lines.

Background and objective Thymosin beta 10 (Tβ10) is one ofβ-thymosin family members, has a highly conserved polar 5 kDa peptides. hTis peptide is now regarded to be a small actin-binding protein and thereby induce depolymerization of the intracellular F-actin networks. Alteration of Tβ10 expression may alter the balance of cell growth, cell death, cell attachment and cell migration. Tβ10 also affects cell metastasis as well as proliferation, apoptosis and vasculariza-tion of cancer cells. But function of Tβ10 appear to be rather different between cancer cells, and the molecular mechanisms ofβ-thymosins to regulate cell apoptosis and proliferation in NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) cell lines are unclear. In this study, we used lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, added Tβ10 or down-regulated the expression of Tβ10. We observed the change of apoptosis, proliferation and cell cyclin ability in A549 and the mechanisms underline them were also identiifed. Methods Atfer A549 was treated with 100 ng/mL recombinant human Tβ10 or siTβ10, apoptosis rate of A549 and cell cycle distribution were detected by lfow cytometry (FCM). CCK-8 assay was employed to determine the proliferation of A549. hTe mRNA level of P53, Caspase-3, Cyclin A and Cyclin E were determined by real-time PCR. hTe protein level of P53, Caspase-3, Cyclin A and Cyclin E were detected by Western blot. Results Add Tβ10 can inhibit the apoptosis and prompt the prolifera-tion of A549. It can also increase the cell rates of S-phrase and G2/M-phrase, decrease the expression of P53 and Caspase-3,but increase the expression of Cyclin A and Cyclin E. Interferance of Tβ10 can prompt the apoptosis and inhibit the prolifera-tion of A549. It can also increase the cell rates of G0/G1-phrase, increase the expression of P53 and Caspase-3, but decrease the expression of Cyclin A and Cyclin E. Conclusion In lung cancer cell line, Tβ10 can inhibit the apoptosis by increase P53, drive cells into the S and G2/M-phase, prompt cell proliferation by increase the expression of Cyclin A and Cyclin E. Tβ10 may become a potential biomarker and therapy target for non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective To evaluate the mid-term follow-up of the pereutaneous angioplasty of the occlusive acrtoiliac artery diseases.Methods The data of 30 patients who had distal abdominal aorta and bi-lateral iliac artery stenosis or occlusion and treated by percutaneous angioplasty were retrospectively reviewed.They are 24 males and 6 females,aged from 35 to 75 years (average 55 ± 10 years). The interventional procedures include wire-guided canalization,thrembolysis,balloon angioplasty and stents implantation.They were followed up by telephone,letter or visiting after discharged.Results Twenty-six patients with aarto-iliac are revascularized successfully.Three cases failed.Of them,one failed because only one side of iliac artery and aorta were successfully canalized while the eontralateral not,one failed to revascularize both the aorta and the iliac artery,the other one failed due to the ihac rupture and replaced by WallGraft implantation.Two cases had distal thrombosis during the procedure.One case was amputated due to the aggravated isebemia of the right lower extremity after the revascularization failed.Twenty-seven cases were followed uo after 1 to 112 months,averaged (41±9) months.One case showed that the iliac artery was uncanalized after 6 months.One case showed bilateral iliac artery occlusion during 25 months follow-up and re-occluded 3 months after balloon angioplasty and finally had stent implanation in bilateral iliac artery.The other patients had no aggravated symptom of recurrence.Conclusion The percutaneous angioplasty is a good choice for occlusive aorto-iliac artery disease,showing good recovery during mid-term follow-up.

Objective To evaluate the interventional treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS)with regard to different types of the disease.Methods One hundred and fifty-nine consecutive cases with BCS underwent interventional treatments with regard to different types of the diseases,including percutaneous angioplasty (PTA),transcatheter thrombolysis,endovascular stent implantation and modified transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(MTIPS).Among them,147 cases that underwent complete follow-up were enrolled in this study.Simple obstruction of HV,membranous obstruction of IVC,membranous obstruction of IVC combined with thrombosis in the distal lumen and segmental obstruction of IVC constituted 13.6/(20),66.0/(97),6.1/(9)and 14.3/(21/147),respectively.The technical success rate of each type Was determined.They were followed up for(67.3±9.0)months (16 h-104 months).Overall primary patency rote was evaluated.The late effect on liver function Was analyzed according to the Child-Push score.Results The primary patency rate of PTA was 65.6/ (86/131)and the secondary pateney rate was 96.9/(124/128).The primary patency rate of stent implantation was 78.9/(15/19)and the secondary patency rate Was 92.3/(24/26).One patient of type Ⅲa that received recanalization,catheter-directed thrombolysis and PTA in IVC died of hemoptysis 72 h after the procedtire.One patients of type I b who received MTIPS died of DIC 16 hrs after the procedure.And one patient of type Ⅳb who received MTIPS died of hver failure 13 months after the procedure.Twelve patients died in 7-79 months after the interventional procedure due to unrelated causes.At the end of follow-up,the liver function of the patients Was improved. Conclusions Optimal application of various vascular interventional techniques has a satisfactory primary and secondary patency rate and improves the long-term liver function.

Objective To emphasize the importance of embolization of nonbronchial systemic arteries in treatment of acute and life-threatening massive hemoptysis.Methods In a series of 146 patients with hemoptysis who underwent bronchial artery embolization,we found 12 cases whose blood supply were from 17 nonbronchial systemic arteries and hemoptysis was more than 300 ml blood within 24 hours.Embolic materials included absorbable gelatin sponge(GS),kelp micro gelatin(KMG),polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) particles and metal coils. Results In the 12 cases with 17 nonbronchial systemic arteries (4 were intercostal,3 internal mammary,3 thyrocervical trunk,3 inferior phrenic,1 left gastric,2 originated from the inferior aortic arch,and 1 originated from anterior abdominal aortic wall).Five cases were embolized by GS alone,2 cases by KMG,3 cases by GS+PVA,and 2 cases by GS+PVA+metal coils.Eight cases were performed embolization once,3 cases were performed twice and 1 case was performed three times.No significant complications developed related to embolization,except that 1 patient had transient eyesight decrease after embolization of thyrocervical trunk and 2 patients had chest pain after embolization of intercostal artery which resovled without any treatment.Conclusions During bronchial artery embolization for hemoptysis patients,all supplying artery should be searched and found.Even after successful embolization of bronchial arterys for hemoptysis patients,nonbronchial systemic arterial supply should still be taken into account.