Objective:To investigate the prevalence and mortality of dementia and assess the impact of geriatric syndromes (GS) on the risk for dementia and death in elderly population in Beijing.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the elderly population aged ≥65 years and selected by a multi-stage sampling in Beijing during 2013-2015. Cognitive function was screened using the Chinese Revised Version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Then, neurological examination and psychiatric assessment were performed for those with the MMSE score lower than the cut-off value. The information about GS prevalence was also collected. The study also collected death records for all individuals from baseline until December 31, 2019. Based on the age and gender distribution from Beijing data of the 2010 Six th National Population Census, the dementia prevalence in the study population was directly standardized. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of different forms of dementia with GS, and Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio ( HR) and 95% CI of death. Results:During 2013-2015, a total of 2 935 individuals completed dementia assessments, of which 167 were diagnosed with dementia. The standardized prevalence of dementia was 5.9% (95% CI: 5.0%-17.4%). The individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) accounted for 58.7% and 28.1% of total individuals with dementia, respectively. Aging, lower education level, urinary incontinence, and fall were risk factors for AD, while disability of activity of daily life dependence, hypertension, and stroke were found to be risk factors for VaD. After a median follow-up of 5.44 person-years, 399 deaths were recorded. The 5-year mortality risk was 2.87 (95% CI: 1.92-4.17) times and 4.93 (95% CI: 3.23-7.53) times higher for the elderly individuals with AD and VaD, respectively, compared to non-demented individuals. After adjusting for demographic, GS, and cardiovascular risk factors, the mortality risk in the elderly individuals with AD showed no significant difference compared with non-demented individuals ( HR=1.32, 95% CI: 0.89-1.97), while the mortality risk in those with VaD was 2.46 (95% CI: 1.49-4.05) times higher than that in non-demented individuals. Conclusions:The prevalence of dementia in Beijing increased significantly in the context of population aging, especially the prevalence of AD. The presence of GS increased the risks for AD and VaD, as well as the risk for death. Close attention needs to be paid to GS management in dementia prevention in elderly population.

ObjectiveTo perform the analysis of influenza surveillance in Dehong from 2016 to 2020 and determine the epidemic situation of influenza and prevalent virus strains， so as to provide evidence for local influenza prevention and control. MethodsThe influenza surveillance data in Dehong Prefecture was collected from January 2016 to December 2020. Statistical analysis was conducted by descriptive epidemiological methods. ResultsA total of 4 146 samples from influenza-like illness cases were examined. The 502 specimens tested positive for influenza virus， including 311 cases with influenza A virus and 136 cases with influenza B virus， resulting in a positive rate of 12.11%. The positive rate was the highest in 2017， followed by 2019， and the lowest in 2020 （P < 0.05）. It peaked in winter and fall. Furthermore， it was the lowest among children aged 0‒4 years and the highest among adults aged 25‒59 （P < 0.001）. In addition， positive rate did not differ significantly by gender（P>0.05） ConclusionThe positive rate of influenza has decreased in Dehong since January 2020. The influenza epidemic is seasonal， mainly in fall and winter， except 2020. Influenza A virus is predominant， compared to alternating influenza B virus.

[摘 要] 目的：探究微小RNA-504（miRNA-504）在胃癌（GC）组织中的表达水平及其对GC细胞生物学行为的调控机制。方法：收集2020年6月至2020年12月期间三亚中心医院外科收治的48例胃癌患者的肿瘤组织及癌旁组织标本，qPCR检测组织中miR-504、肿瘤蛋白53诱导型核蛋白1（tumor protein 53-induced nuclear protein 1，TP53INP1）mRNA的水平，WB法检测TP53INP1水平。体外培养人胃癌细胞BGC-823，分为对照组（正常培养的BGC-823细胞）、miR-504 mimic组、mimic-NC组、miR-504 inhibitor组、inhibitor-NC组、miR-504 inhibitor+si-NC组、miR-504 inhibitor+si-TP53INP1组，qPCR检测细胞中miR-504和TP53INP1 mRNA的表达，MTT法、流式细胞术、划痕实验和Transwell侵袭实验分别检测各组细胞的增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭能力，WB法检测各组细胞中增殖、迁移和侵袭相关蛋白（Cyclin D1、E-cadherin、MMP-2、MMP-9）以及TP53INP1的表达。双荧光素酶报告基因实验进一步验证miR-504与TP53INP1 mRNA的靶向关系。结果：与癌旁组织相比，胃癌组织中miR-504的表达显著升高（P<0.05），而TP53INP1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01），miR-504和TP53INP mRNA两者的表达呈负相关（P<0.01）。与对照组相比，miR-504 mimic组BGC-823细胞中miR-504的表达显著升高（P<0.05）、TP53INP1 mRNA和蛋白的表达显著降低（均P<0.05），且细胞增殖率、划痕愈合率、侵袭入Transwell小室下层的细胞数量，Cyclin D1、MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达均显著增加，细胞凋亡率和E-cadherin蛋白表达均显著降低（均P<0.05）。转染miR-504 inhibitor能显著下调BGC-823中miR-504的表达、上调TP53INP1 mRNA和蛋白的表达，抑制细胞的增殖、迁移与侵袭能力而促进细胞凋亡（均P<0.05）；而下调TP53INP1的表达可明显减弱miR-504下调对BGC-823细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭的抑制作用（P<0.01）。miR-504高表达能明显抑制野生型TP53INP1质粒的荧光素酶活性（P<0.05）。结论：miR-504在胃癌组织中呈高表达，下调miR-504可抑制胃癌BGC-823细胞的恶性生物学行为而促进其凋亡，其作用机制可能与靶向调控TP53INP1的表达有关。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of a family clustering of COVID-19. Methods Field epidemiological survey was conducted. Result Case 1 of the long-term residents from Hubei province was the source of infection of this family clustering. There were 6 cases (from case 2 to case 7) infected in the whole incubation period. The incubation period was more than 14 days for 3 of the second-generation cases. Routes of transmission include respiratory droplets (from case 1 transmitted to case 6, from case 1 to her family members) and closecontact (from case 1 to other cases in her family). All the age groups were generally susceptible, while elderly were easier to progress to critically ill. Besides respiratory symptoms, there were also gastrointestinal symptoms, of which diarrhea was the most common one. Conclusion Family clustering had been an important part for COVID-19 cases.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence characters of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and associated factors among people aged 35 and above in Beijing. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 5 208 community-based individuals aged equal and above 35 in Beijing were chosen with stratified multistage random sampling method. Structure questionnaire was used to collected the information of demographic factors, habits and chronic disease history. Ankle brachial blood pressure was detected and ankle brachial index (ABI) was calculated. ABI was used to diagnose PAD (ABI≤0.90). Based on the 2010 Beijing Municipal Population Census, the age-and gender-specific weight-adjusted sample was acquired to estimate the prevalence of PAD and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the associated factors of PAD. Results: The age-and sex-standardized prevalence of PAD was 3.84% (200/5 208, 95%CI 3.32%-4.36%). There was no significant difference between male and female (3.83%(102/2 664, 95%CI 3.10%-4.56%) vs. 3.85% (98/2 544, 95%CI 3.10%-4.60%), P=0.965). The prevalence of PAD in urban was higher than that in rural (4.34% (163/3 755, 95%CI 3.69%-4.99%) vs. 2.55% (37/1 453, 95%CI 1.74%-3.36%), P=0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence of PAD increased with age (P_trend<0.01), and the difference between genders did not change with ageing (all P>0.05). In addition, age (OR=1.03, 95%CI 1.01-1.04), urban (OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.08-2.12), smoking (OR=1.83, 95%CI 1.29-2.59), hypertension (OR=1.61, 95%CI 1.17-2.22) and diabetes (OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.08-1.93) were related with increased risk of PAD in logistic regression analysis models. Conclusions The prevalence of PAD increases with age in Beijing and there are significant difference between urban and rural on prevalence of PAD. Age, urban, smoking, hypertension and diabetes are related with increased risk of PAD.

Objective To investigate the prevalence characters of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and associated factors among people aged 35 and above in Beijing. Methods This was a cross?sectional study. A total of 5 208 community?based individuals aged equal and above 35 in Beijing were chosen with stratified multistage random sampling method. Structure questionnaire was used to collected the information of demographic factors, habits and chronic disease history. Ankle brachial blood pressure was detected and ankle brachial index (ABI) was calculated. ABI was used to diagnose PAD (ABI≤0.90). Based on the 2010 Beijing Municipal Population Census, the age?and gender?specific weight?adjusted sample was acquired to estimate the prevalence of PAD and corresponding 95% confidence intervals ( CI ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the associated factors of PAD. Results The age?and sex?standardized prevalence of PAD was 3.84% (200/5 208, 95%CI 3.32%-4.36%). There was no significant difference between male and female (3.83%(102/2 664 ,95%CI 3.10%-4.56%) vs. 3.85% (98/2 544,95% CI 3.10%-4.60%), P=0.965). The prevalence of PAD in urban was higher than that in rural (4.34% (163/3 755,95%CI 3.69%-4.99%) vs. 2.55% (37/1 453,95%CI 1.74%-3.36%), P=0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence of PAD increased with age (Ptrend<0.01), and the difference between genders did not change with ageing (all P>0.05). In addition, age (OR=1.03, 95%CI 1.01-1.04), urban (OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.08-2.12), smoking ( OR=1.83, 95%CI 1.29-2.59), hypertension ( OR=1.61, 95%CI 1.17-2.22) and diabetes (OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.08-1.93) were related with increased risk of PAD in logistic regression analysis models. Conclusions The prevalence of PAD increases with age in Beijing and there are significant difference between urban and rural on prevalence of PAD. Age, urban, smoking, hypertension and diabetes are related with increased risk of PAD.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of H-type hypertension among middle-aged and elderly people in Beijing community. Methods A cross-sectional study by recruiting 1 458 middle-aged and elderly people from a cohort of the "Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging" in 2009 was conducted. All participants were asked to complete a standardized questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory examinations. Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as homocysteine (Hcy) > 15 μmol/L, and H- type hypertension was defined as having hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia simultaneously. The prevalence of H-type hypertension was estimated by using the results of 2000 Beijing population census to weight the data. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was preformed to estimate the associated factors of H-type hypertension. Results The age was (69.48 ± 8.09) years, and the distribution of Hcy was skewed with the median of 16.56 μmol/L. After weight, the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia was 57.20% (834/1 458), and the prevalence of H-type hypertension was 35.32% (515/1 458), accounting for 59.47% (515/866) in patients with hypertension. The ageing, male, hyperuricemia, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and insufficiency of fishes/ shrimps were independent risk factors of H-type hypertension ( OR = 2.30, 1.04, 1.02, 0.95 and 0.67; 95% CI 1.54-3.44, 1.02-1.06, 1.04-1.06, 0.94-0.97 and 0.46-0.97; P＜0.01 or＜0.05). Conclusions The proportion of H-type hypertension is high in the middle-aged and elderly people in Beijing community. Lowering uric acid, protection of renal function and intake sufficient fishes and shrimps might prevent and control H-type hypertension.

The development of hepatocellular carcinoma is insidious and rapid.Most patients can not undergo surgery after diagnosis.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is considered to be the best modality for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.However,there are some bottlenecks in TACE,such as low targeting of chemotherapy drugs and incomplete treatment.How to improve the curative effect of TACE has become a key issue in the interventional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.In recent years,the study of nano-drug delivery systems has been expected to solve these problems,and has become a hot spot in the field of targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.In this paper,the current research status of nano-drug delivery systems and its application in the interventional-targeted therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma are reviewed.

Objective To find out the prevalence of urinary incontinence(UI),as well as its impact on self assessed life quality in community dwelling elderly Beijing residents.Methods A total of 2 878 local elderly residents(≥ 65 years)were enrolled through stratified cluster random sampling from July 2013 to December 2014 in Beijing.A face-to-face questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted by trained investigators.UI was screened using ICIQ SF.Prevalence of UI was adjusted by the standard population of Beijing and the number of elderly people with UI was estimated.Results The overall prevalence of UI was 24.6％.The morbidity of UI was 18.5％ in male and 29.8％ in female participants.The estimated number of elderly UI patients in Beijing was about 445 thousands,with 153 thousand male and 292 female patients.After adjustment for potential confounding demographic,lifestyle and chronic disease factors,logistic regression analysis revealed that UI was negatively correlated with several self-assessed measures,including quality of life,health,sleep quality,activities of daily life,sexual life and relationship with other people(all P＜0.05).Moreover,negative emotions in the last four weeks increased in the elderly with UI.Conclusions Nearly one quarter of the aged population,especially among aged women,in Beijing suffer from UI.UI severely affects the quality of life and emotions in aged persons.It is necessary to take early interventions to improve quality of life and promote healthy aging.

Objective To investigate weight, ghrelin changes following transcatheter left gastric artery embolization in rabbit model of obesity, and evaluate its safety. Methods Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, ten New Zealand rabbits in each group, group A:left gastric artery embolization using gelatin sponge, group B:left gastric artery and gastroduodenal artery embolization using gelatin sponge, group C (control group): left gastric artery and gastroduodenal artery perfusion using normal saline. Ghrelin, weight and liver and kidney function were measured at preoperative and postoperative 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks. T test was used to compare the differences in the levels of preoperative and postoperative average ghrelin, weight, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatinine and urea in each group. The ANOVA of repeated measurement was used to compare the difference of preoperative and postoperative each time points between the three groups. Results The preoperative and postoperative ghrelin levels in group A were (4057±61)and (3708±141) pg/ml with statistically significant differences (t=4.5, P<0.05). The preoperative and postoperative ghrelin levels in group B were (4137 ± 89) and (3608 ± 239) pg/ml with statistically significant differences (t=6.8, P<0.05). The preoperative and postoperative ghrelin levels in the control group were (3986 ± 82)and (4044 ± 72) pg/ml with no statistically significant differences (t=0.7, P>0.05). The level of ghrelin in group B decreased significantly compared with group A and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.8, P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative ghrelin levels between the three groups (F=15.6, P<0.05). The preoperative and postoperative weight in group A were (6.12±0.38)and (5.66±0.39) kg with statistically significant differences (t=2.7, P<0.05). The preoperative and postoperative weight in group B were (5.99 ± 0.57)and (5.24 ± 0.61) kg with statistically significant differences (t=3.1, P<0.05). The preoperative and postoperative weight in the control group were (5.94 ± 0.45)and (6.24 ± 0.42) kg with no statistically significant differences (t=1.2, P>0.05). The weight loss of group B was significantly greater than that of group A and the difference was statistically significant (t=5.2, P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative weight between the three groups (F=5.1, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in ALT, AST, creatinine and urea levels at preoperative and postoperative each time points in each group (P>0.05). Conclusion Left gastric artery embolization can become a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment for obesity and left gastric artery and gastroduodenal artery embolization at the same time could achieve more weight loss.